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Systematic review of healthcare interventions for reducing gender-based violence impact on the mental health of women with disabilities
No full textPurpose: Women with disabilities are more exposed to violence. The health sector has a key role in all three levels of prevention of violence against women. The objective of this paper was to review the interventions for preventing gender-based violence and reducing its impact on the mental health of women with any form of disability.
Method: Relevant studies were identified through conducting searches in PubMed, Scopus, CINAHL, PsyInfo, Social Services Abstracts, and PILOTS. Two reviewers analyzed and selected studies. A qualitative synthesis was made.
Results: 3149 references were obtained, among which eight articles describing nine interventions from the USA and the UK. Most were intended for women with mental/intellectual disability and assessed intimate partner or sexual violence. Only one study showed high methodological quality. They were found to be particularly effective as regards improvement of the skills acquired by participants, but the results as regards improved mental health are not consistent.
Conclusion: Our review shows very little evidence of effective interventions. Further studies are required with higher internal validity and female sample groups with diverse disabilities.
Clinical relevance: Gender-based violence is a highly prevalent problem for women with disabilities, and in addition to being a public health challenge is a violation of human rights. Health care systems and policymakers should take a key role in all three levels of prevention of violence against women with disabilities. Interventions with longer follow-up times are required. It is also important for interventions to be designed in consultation with people with disabilities.Ye
Plan integral de atención a la accidentabilidad de Andalucía: 2024-2027
No full textActualización del Plan Integral de Atención a la Accidentabilidad de Andalucía. Oportunidad para plantear nuevos retos y objetivos que nos permita continuar mejorando los resultados en salud en esta área, principalmente a reducir el número de víctimas por accidentes y a una reducción de la mortalidad y las secuelas producidas por estos accidentes, mejorando la calidad de vida a las personas que hayan sufrido un trauma grave.N
Gender Inequalities of Health and Quality of Life in Informal Caregivers in Spain: Protocol for the Longitudinal and Multicenter CUIDAR-SE Study.
No full textBackground: The aging population and increased disability prevalence in Spain have heightened the demand for long-term care. Informal caregiving, primarily performed by women, plays a crucial role in this scenario. This protocol outlines the CUIDAR-SE study, focusing on the gender-specific impact of informal caregiving on health and quality of life among caregivers in Andalusia and the Basque Country from 2013 to 2024.
Objective: This study aims to analyze the gender differences in health and quality of life indicators of informal caregivers residing in 2 Spanish autonomous communities (Granada, Andalusia, and Gipuzkoa; Basque Country) and their evolution over time, in relation to the characteristics of caregivers, the caregiving situation, and support received.
Methods: The CUIDAR-SE study uses a longitudinal, multicenter design across 3 phases, tracking health and quality of life indicators among informal caregivers. Using a questionnaire adapted to the Spanish context that uses validated scales and multilevel analysis, the research captures changes in caregivers’ experiences amid societal crises, notably the 2008 economic crisis and the COVID-19 pandemic. A multistage randomized cluster sampling technique is used to minimize study design effects.
Results: Funding for the CUIDAR-SE study was in 3 phases starting in January 2013, 2017, and 2021, spanning a 10-year period. Data collection commenced in 2013 and continued annually, except for 2016 and 2020 due to financial and pandemic-related challenges. As of March 2024, a total of 1294 participants have been enrolled, with data collection ongoing for 2023. Initial data analysis focused on gender disparities in caregiver health, quality of life, burden, perceived needs, and received support, with results from phase I published. Currently, analysis is ongoing for phases II and III, as well as longitudinal analysis across all phases.
Conclusions: This protocol aims to provide comprehensive insights into caregiving dynamics and caregivers’ experiences over time, as well as understand the role of caregiving on gender inequality in health, considering regional variations. Despite limitations in participant recruitment, focusing on registered caregivers, the study offers a detailed exploration of the health impacts of caregiving in Spain. The incorporation of a gender perspective and the examination of diverse contextual factors enrich the study’s depth, contributing significantly to the discourse on caregiving health complexities in Spain.The authors would like to thank the Instituto de Salud Carlos III and the European Regional Development Fund for providing funding for this project. The authors are also grateful to all the participants for their time and generous contributions. This project has received funding from the Instituto de Salud Carlos III and the European Regional Development Fund (PI12/00498, PI16/00207, and PI19/00446). The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript.Ye
Deterioro cognitivo: proceso asistencial
No full textEl Proceso Asistencial se ha reafirmado como una herramienta de mejora continua ordenando los diferentes flujos de trabajo, integrando el conocimiento actualizado y mejorando los resultados en salud, todo ello gracias a la implicación de los profesionales y a su capacidad para introducir la idea de mejora continua en la calidad de sus actividades.Ye
Gut Microbial Metabolites and Future Risk of Parkinson's Disease: A Metabolome-Wide Association Study.
No full textBackground
Alterations in gut microbiota are observed in Parkinson's disease (PD). Previous studies on microbiota-derived metabolites in PD were small-scale and post-diagnosis, raising concerns about reverse causality.
Objectives
Our goal was to prospectively investigate the association between plasma microbial metabolites and PD risk within a metabolomics framework.
Methods
A nested case–control study within the prospective EPIC4PD cohort, measured pre-diagnostic plasma microbial metabolites using untargeted metabolomics.
Results
Thirteen microbial metabolites were identified nominally associated with PD risk (P-value < 0.05), including amino acids, bile acid, indoles, and hydroxy acid, although none remained significant after multiple testing correction. Three pathways were implicated in PD risk: valine, leucine, and isoleucine degradation, butanoate metabolism, and propanoate metabolism. PD-associated microbial pathways were more pronounced in men, smokers, and overweight/obese individuals.
Conclusion
Changes in microbial metabolites may represent a pre-diagnostic feature of PD. We observed biologically plausible associations between microbial pathways and PD, potentially influenced by individual characteristics. © 2024 The Author(s). Movement Disorders published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society.This work was supported by Stichting ParkinsonFonds. Y.Z. received support from the China Scholarship Council during the PhD period at Utrecht University-Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences. S.K.L.D. has received funding from the Parkinson’s Foundation (PFFBS-2026), ZonMW (09150162010183), ParkinsonNL (P2022-07 and P2021-14), The Michael J. Fox Foundation (MJFF-022767), and Edmond J Safra Foundation. C.M.L. was supported by the Heiseberg programme of the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG; LI 2654/4-1) and by The Michael J. Fox Foundation (MJFF-008994). The coordination of EPIC is financially supported by International Agency for Research on Cancer and also by the Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, which has additional infrastructure support provided by the National Institute for Health and Care Research Imperial Biomedical Research Centre (BRC). We are grateful to all the participants who have been part of the project. We acknowledge Dr. Miles Trupp from the Department of Clinical Science, Neurosciences, Umeå University, for his review of the manuscript, particularly for the interpretation on microbial metabolite functions. The national cohorts are supported by: Danish Cancer Society (Denmark); Ligue Contre le Cancer, Institut Gustave Roussy, Mutuelle Générale de l’Education Nationale, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (France); German Cancer Aid, German Cancer Research Center, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbruecke, Federal Ministry of Education and Research (Germany); Associazione Italiana per la Ricerca sul Cancro-AIRC-Italy, Compagnia di SanPaolo and National Research Council (Italy); Dutch Ministry of Public Health, Welfare and Sports, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment, Netherlands Cancer Registry, LK Research Funds, Dutch Prevention Funds, Dutch ZON (Zorg Onderzoek Nederland), World Cancer Research Fund, Statistics Netherlands (The Netherlands); Health Research Fund (FIS)— Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Regional Governments of Andalucía, Asturias, Basque Country, Murcia and Navarra, the Catalan Institute of Oncology—ICO, CERCA Program/Generalitat de Catalunya for the institutional support to IDIBELL (Spain); Swedish Cancer Society, Swedish Research Council and County Councils of Skåne and Västerbotten (Sweden); Cancer Research UK (C864/A14136 to EPIC-Norfolk; C8221/A29017 to EPICOxford), Medical Research Council (MR/N003284/1, MC-UU_12015/1, and MC_UU_00006/1 to EPIC-Norfolk; MR/M012190/1 to EPIC-Oxford), University of Cambridge (UK).Ye
Obstáculos en la enseñanza de soporte vital básico en educación secundaria: creencias y conocimiento del profesorado
No full textEste estudio tuvo como objetivo investigar las creencias y conocimientos del profesorado de secundaria sobre la enseñanza de la reanimación, dado que en España, dentro del contexto de la educación para la salud, la reanimación cardiopulmonar y el uso del desfibrilador externo (DEA) no se entrenan de manera sistemática, a pesar de la relevancia de la parada cardíaca como problema de salud. Se llevó a cabo un estudio ex post-facto con la participación de 48 profesores, definiéndose una hipótesis de complejidad en torno a cuatro categorías: conceptualización del soporte vital básico (SVB), identificación de la población diana, transposición didáctica y el papel del profesorado. Se aplicó un análisis estadístico univariante y multivariante, observándose que solo el 20% de los docentes consideraban la desfibrilación externa semiautomática como una técnica que debe incluirse en el SVB, relación que se encontró vinculada al área de conocimiento del profesorado según el análisis de regresión múltiple. Además, el 76,1% opinó que la formación en SVB debería ser obligatoria (mediana 5, IQR 1), aunque señalaron que debería ser impartida por profesionales sanitarios (mediana 5, IQR 0). En conclusión, la concepción del profesorado sobre el SVB y su enseñanza podría constituir un obstáculo para el desarrollo de estas competencias y dificultar su universalización.A Alcaide, M.L., Bellanato, I., Borja, J., Espina, M.A., Garduño, M., Gómez, F.J., Paz, M.A. y Rodrigo, I, instructores en soporte vital del Servicio Provincial 061 de Huelva, por su participación en la validación de los cuestionarios y/o impartición de las acciones formativas; así como, a Rigabert, A., de la Fundación Fabis, por sus comentarios sobre el análisis de datos.Ye
Executive Summary: Clinical Practice Guidelines on the Management of Resistant Tuberculosis of the Spanish Society of Pulmonology and Thoracic Surgery (SEPAR) and the Spanish Society of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology (SEIMC)
No full textThe Spanish Society of Pneumology and Thoracic Surgery (SEPAR) and the Spanish Society of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology (SEIMC) have developed together Clinical Practice Guidelines (GPC) on the management of people affected by tuberculosis (TB) resistant to drugs with activity against Mycobacterium tuberculosis. These clinical practice guidelines include the latest updates of the SEPAR regulations for the diagnosis and treatment of drug-resistant TB from 2017 and 2020 as the starting point. The methodology included asking relevant clinical questions based on PICO methodology, a literature search focusing on each question, and a systematic and comprehensive evaluation of the evidence, with a summary of this evidence for each question. Finally, recommendations were developed and the level of evidence and the strength of each recommendation for each question were established in concordance with the GRADE approach. Of the recommendations made, it is worth highlighting the high quality of the existing evidence for the use of nucleic acid amplification techniques (rapid genotypic tests) as initial tests for the detection of the M. tuberculosis genome and rifampicin resistance in people with presumptive signs or symptoms of pulmonary TB; and for the use of an oral combination of anti-TB drugs based on bedaquiline, delamanid (pretomanid), and linezolid, with conditional fluoroquinolone supplementation (conditioned by fluoroquinolone resistance) for six months for the treatment of people affected by pulmonary multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB). We also recommend directly observed therapy (DOT) or video-observed treatment for the treatment of people affected by DR-TB.Ye
Vol. 29, nº 44. Análisis de población con indicaciones de vacunación: Herpes zóster por uso de inmunosupresores.
No full textEnfermedades de Declaración Obligatoria por provincias. Semana 43/2024 y acumulado desde la semana 01/2024. Datos provisionales. Incluye además el artículo titulado “Análisis de población con indicaciones de vacunación: Herpes zóster por uso de inmunosupresores”, de “Enrique Pérez Ostos, José Luis Jiménez Murillo, Manuel Cardero Rivas, Román Villegas Portero, Juan Goicoechea Salazar, María Dolores Muñoyerro Muñiz”.N
Guía para el abordaje sanitario de la violencia de género en mujeres con problemas de salud mental. 2º ed.
No full textEste documento pretende ser una vía de sensibilización y hacer visible el triple estigma del que son objeto las mujeres con problemas de salud mental que, pueden tener una discapacidad y, además, sufren o han sufrido violencia de género. Asimismo, pretende ofrecer pautas de actuación que permitan a las y los profesionales de ámbito sanitario ofrecer un apoyo adecuado a las mujeres.N
Changes in the structure and perception of the functionality of the personal networks of male and female caregivers in Andalusia : CUIDAR-SE study
No full textEste estudio pretende analizar la evolución en la estructura de la red personal de apoyo de mujeres y hombres cuidadores informales, profundizar en su percepción del apoyo y conocer las estrategias de movilización de los recursos de la red en situaciones de emergencia, desde una perspectiva de género. Es un estudio de evolución comparativo de dos momentos, inicial y transcurridos 12 meses. La muestra intencional consta de 32 personas cuidadoras (16 hombres/16 mujeres), basado en Análisis de Redes Personales, combinando datos cuantitativos y cualitativos. Se observa una reducción de la cohesión estructural de las redes en ambos sexos, aunque con un aumento de la densidad en las redes de las mujeres y un descenso en la de los hombres. A mayor tiempo cuidando, los hombres ganan cohesión y las mujeres la pierden. Se percibe una pérdida de apoyo social (perdida de proximidad afectiva y sentimientos de apoyo) en ambos sexos, pero diferencias en el modo de percibirlo. Una buena gestión de los recursos de la red ante situaciones de emergencia es considerado fundamental para sentirse apoyado, constituyendo un referente para que las relaciones de apoyo se vayan adaptando a las necesidades de cuidado.Ye