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An Overview of Information Instruction in Hospital Libraries in Spain
No full textIntroducción: La enseñanza de Alfabetización sobre Información es esencial para proporcionar apoyo a la asistencia clínica, la docencia y la investigación en los hospitales. En la literatura internacional, poco se ha publicado sobre esta función de las bibliotecas hospitalarias en España. Este estudio examina las actividades de formación de los hospitales españoles.
Métodos: Se distribuyó por correo electrónico a las bibliotecas hospitalarias españolas un cuestionario sobre personal, actividades educativas y reconocimiento institucional. Los datos se analizaron en febrero de 2023.
Resultados: El 84% de las bibliotecas realizan actividades educativas. La media de personal docente es de 1,3 personas. Los temas de formación más comunes son la búsqueda en bases de datos, las citas, la identidad del investigador y las revistas científicas (calidad, impacto y normas de publicación). El 83% de las bibliotecas forman parte del plan de estudios de medicina de pregrado, el 67% participan en la formación médica de postgrado y el 30% forman parte del plan de investigación institucional.Introduction: Information instruction is essential to providing support for clinical care, teaching and research in hospitals. In the international literature, little has been published about this function of hospital libraries in Spain. This study examines the education activities of Spanish hospitals.
Methods: A questionnaire about staff, education activities and institutional recognition was distributed via email to Spanish hospital libraries. The data was analysed in February 2023.
Results: 84% of libraries provide education activities. The average number education staff is 1.3. Common instruction topics are database searching, citations, researcher identity and scientific journals (quality, impact and publication standards). 83% of libraries are part of the undergraduate medical curriculum, 67% are involved in graduate medical education, and 30% are part of the institutional research plan.Ye
Micronutrients, Vitamin D, and Inflammatory Biomarkers in COVID-19: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Causal Inference Studies.
No full textContext: Experimental and observational studies suggest that circulating micronutrients, including vitamin D (VD), may increase COVID-19 risk and its associated outcomes. Mendelian randomization (MR) studies provide valuable insight into the causal relationship between an exposure and disease outcomes.
Objectives: The aim was to conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis of causal inference studies that apply MR approaches to assess the role of these micronutrients, particularly VD, in COVID-19 risk, infection severity, and related inflammatory markers.
Data sources: Searches (up to July 2023) were conducted in 4 databases.
Data extraction and analysis: The quality of the studies was evaluated based on the MR-STROBE guidelines. Random-effects meta-analyses were conducted where possible.
Results: There were 28 studies (2 overlapped) including 12 on micronutrients (8 on VD) and COVID-19, 4 on micronutrients (all on VD) and inflammation, and 12 on inflammatory markers and COVID-19. Some of these studies reported significant causal associations between VD or other micronutrients (vitamin C, vitamin B6, iron, zinc, copper, selenium, and magnesium) and COVID-19 outcomes. Associations in terms of causality were also nonsignificant with regard to inflammation-related markers, except for VD levels below 25 nmol/L and C-reactive protein (CRP). Some studies reported causal associations between cytokines, angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2), and other inflammatory markers and COVID-19. Pooled MR estimates showed that VD was not significantly associated with COVID-19 outcomes, whereas ACE2 increased COVID-19 risk (MR odds ratio = 1.10; 95% CI: 1.01-1.19) but did not affect hospitalization or severity of the disease. The methodological quality of the studies was high in 13 studies, despite the majority (n = 24) utilizing 2-sample MR and evaluated pleiotropy.
Conclusion: MR studies exhibited diversity in their approaches but do not support a causal link between VD/micronutrients and COVID-19 outcomes. Whether inflammation mediates the VD-COVID-19 relationship remains uncertain, and highlights the need to address this aspect in future MR studies exploring micronutrient associations with COVID-19 outcomes.This research was funded by Project PECOVID-0200– 2020, funded by Con-sejer�ıa de Salud y Consumo de la Junta de Andaluc�ıa and co-funded by the European Regional Development Fund (ERDF-FEDER).Ye
Degree of food processing and breast cancer risk: a prospective study in 9 European countries
No full textRecent epidemiological studies have suggested a positive association between ultra-processed food consumption and breast cancer risk, although some studies also reported no association. Furthermore, the evidence regarding the associations between intake of food with lower degrees of processing and breast cancer risk is limited. Thus, we investigated the associations between dietary intake by degree of food processing and breast cancer risk, overall and by breast cancer subtypes in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) study. Dietary intake of EPIC participants was assessed via questionnaires at baseline. More than 11,000 food ingredients were classified into four groups of food processing levels using the NOVA classification system: unprocessed/minimally processed (NOVA 1), culinary ingredients (NOVA 2), processed (NOVA 3) and ultra-processed (NOVA 4). Cox proportional hazards models were used to estimate hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) of breast cancer per standard deviation increase in daily consumption (grams) of foods from each NOVA group. The current analysis included 14,933 breast cancer cases, diagnosed among the 318,686 EPIC female participants, (median follow-up of 14.9 years). No associations were found between breast cancer risk and the level of dietary intake from NOVA 1 [HR =0.99 (95% CI 0.97 - 1.01)], NOVA 2 [HR =1.01 (95% CI 0.98 - 1.03)] and NOVA 4 [HR =1.01 (95% CI 0.99 - 1.03)] foods. However, a positive association was found between NOVA 3 and breast cancer risk [HR =1.05 (95% CI 1.03 - 1.07)] which became non-significant after adjustment for alcohol intake [HR =1.01 (95% CI 0.98 - 1.05)] or when beer and wine were excluded from this group [HR =0.99 (95% CI 0.97 - 1.01)]. The associations did not differ by breast cancer subtype, menopausal status or body mass index. Findings from this large-scale prospective study suggest that the positive association between processed food intake and breast cancer risk was likely driven by alcoholic beverage consumption.FMB was supported by a Wellcome Trust PhD studentship in Molecular, Genetic and Lifecourse Epidemiology (224982/Z/22/Z). The coordination of EPIC is fnancially supported by IARC and by the Depart‑ ment of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Imperial College London which has additional infrastructure support provided by the NIHR Imperial Biomedical Research Centre (BRC). The national cohorts are sup‑ ported by: Danish Cancer Society (Denmark); Ligue Contre le Cancer, Institut Gustave Roussy, Mutuelle Générale de l’Education Nationale, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (Inserm) (France); German Cancer Aid, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), German Institute of Human Nutri‑ tion Potsdam-Rehbruecke (DIfE), Federal Ministry of Education and Research (BMBF) (Germany); Associazione Italiana per la Ricerca sul Cancro-AIRC-Italy, Compagnia di SanPaolo and National Research Council (Italy); Dutch Ministry of Public Health, Welfare and Sports (VWS), Netherlands Cancer Registry (NKR), LK Research Funds, Dutch Prevention Funds, Dutch ZON (Zorg Onderzoek Nederland), World Cancer Research Fund (WCRF), Statistics Netherlands (The Netherlands); Health Research Fund (FIS) - Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Regional Governments of Andalucía, Asturias, Basque Country, Murcia and Navarra, and the Catalan Institute of Oncology - ICO (Spain); Swedish Cancer Society, Swedish Research Council and County Councils of Skåne and Väster‑ botten (Sweden); Cancer Research UK (14136 to EPIC-Norfolk; C8221/A29017 to EPIC-Oxford), Medical Research Council (1000143 to EPIC-Norfolk; MR/ M012190/1 to EPIC-Oxford). (United Kingdom). The work reported in this paper was performed during Agnès Fournier’s term as a Visiting Scientist at the IARC. This work was supported by Cancer Research UK C33493/A29678; l’Institut National du Cancer (« INCa ») APPEL À PROJET SHS 2021 Grant number: INCa N°2021-138 and APPEL À PROJET 2021 Grant number: INCa N°SHSESP 21-074 and the World Cancer Research Fund (WCRF) Grant reference number: IIG_FULL_2020_033. Researchers were independent from the funders. Funders had no role in the collection, analysis, and interpre‑ tation of data, the writing of the report, and the decision to submit the article for publication.Ye
Vol. 29, nº 12. Sistematización de la secuenciación. Usos y funcionalidades de la aplicación SIEGA
No full textEnfermedades de Declaración Obligatoria por provincias. Semana 10/2024 y acumulado desde la semana 01/2024. Datos provisionales. Incluye además el artículo titulado “Sistematización de la secuenciación. Usos y funcionalidades de la aplicación SIEGA”, de "Jesús Alberto Chaves Sánchez".Ye
Consensus on the preoperative management of patients with chronic moderatesevere shoulder pain to improve postoperative outcomes. Delphi results
No full textBackground
An appropriate preoperative management of patients with chronic moderate to severe shoulder pain who are candidates for surgery due to rotator cuff disease or glenohumeral osteoarthritis may improve surgery and patient outcomes, but published evidence in this regard is scarce. Therefore, the availability of recommendations on preoperative interventions based on expert consensus may serve as guidance.
Methods
A Delphi study was conducted to develop a preoperative management algorithm based on a national expert consensus. A Delphi questionnaire was developed by a Scientific Committee following a systematic review using PRISMA criteria of the relevant literature published during the last 10 years. It consisted of 48 statements divided into five blocks (I. Assessment/diagnosis of preoperative pain; II. Preoperative function/psychosocial aspects; III. Therapeutic objectives; IV. Treatment; V. Follow-up/referral), and 28 experienced shoulder surgeons from across the country were invited to answer.
Results
All participants responded to the Delphi questionnaire in the first round and 25 in the second round (89.3% of those invited). Overall, 46/49 final statements reached a consensus, based on which a final preoperative management algorithm was defined by the Scientific Committee. First, surgeons should assess shoulder pain intensity and characteristics, shoulder functionality and psychosocial aspects using specific validated questionnaires. Preoperative therapeutic objectives should include shoulder pain control, depression/nocturnal sleep improvement, opioid consumption adjustment and substance abuse cessation. Postoperative objectives regarding the degree of shoulder pain reduction or improvement in functionality/quality of life should be established in agreement with the patient. Treatment of preoperative chronic moderate to severe shoulder pain should comprise non-pharmacological as well as pharmacological interventions. Follow-up of shoulder pain levels, treatment adherence and mental health status of these patients may be carried out by the surgical team (surgeon and anesthesiologist) together with the Primary Care team. Patients with very intense shoulder pain levels may be referred to the Pain Unit, following specific protocols.
Conclusion
A preoperative management algorithm for patients with chronic moderate to severe shoulder pain who are candidates for surgery due to rotator cuff disease or glenohumeral osteoarthritis was defined based on a national expert consensus. Main points include a comprehensive patient management starting with an objective assessment of shoulder pain and function, quality of life, establishment of preoperative and postoperative therapeutic targets, prescription of individualized therapeutic interventions and multidisciplinary patient follow-up. Implementation of these recommendations to clinical practice may result in better preoperative shoulder pain management and more successful surgery outcomes and patient satisfaction.Ye
Vol. 29, nº 46. Efectividad del estudio de contactos en la infección por VIH en Andalucía 2022-2024.
No full textEnfermedades de Declaración Obligatoria por provincias. Semana 45/2024 y acumulado desde la semana 01/2024. Datos provisionales. Incluye además el artículo titulado “Efectividad del estudio de contactos en la infección por VIH en Andalucía 2022-2024”, de “Jorge González Acosta, Isabel Román Romera, Nicola Lorusso, Juan Antonio Córdoba Doña”.N
Planes locales de salud: guía metodológica breve
No full textResumen del Manual para la elaboración de Planes Locales de Salud que incluye los contenidos esenciales.Ye
Vol. 29, nº 17. Secuenciación genómica y bioinformática aplicada a patógenos: conceptos, aplicaciones y problemas
No full textEnfermedades de Declaración Obligatoria por provincias. Semana 16/2024 y acumulado desde la semana 01/2024. Datos provisionales. Incluye además el artículo titulado “Secuenciación genómica y bioinformática aplicada a patógenos: conceptos, aplicaciones y problemas”, de “Carlos Sánchez Casimiro-Soriguer”.Ye
Guía de práctica clínica sobre el manejo del schwannoma vestibular
No full textVestibular schwannoma (VS) is the most common tumour of the cerebellopontine angle. The greater accessibility to radiological tests has increased its diagnosis. Taking into account the characteristics of the tumour, the symptoms and the age of the patient, three therapeutic strategies have been proposed: observation, surgery or radiotherapy. Choosing the most appropriate for each patient is a frequent source of controversy. This paper includes an exhaustive literature review of issues related to VS that can serve as a clinical guide in the management of patients with these lesions. The presentation has been oriented in the form of questions that the clinician usually asks himself and the answers have been written and/or reviewed by a panel of national and international experts consulted by the Otology Commission of the SEORL-CCC. A list has been compiled containing the 13 most controversial thematic blocks on the management of VS in the form of 50 questions, and answers to all of them have been sought through a systematic literature review (articles published on PubMed and Cochrane Library between 1992 and 2023 related to each thematic area). Thirty-three experts, led by the Otology Committee of SEORL-CCC, have analyzed and discussed all the answers. In Annex 1, 14 additional questions divided into 4 thematic areas can be found. This clinical practice guideline on the management of VS offers agreed answers to the most common questions that are asked about this tumour. The absence of sufficient prospective studies means that the levels of evidence on the subject are generally medium or low. This fact increases the interest of this type of clinical practice guidelines prepared by experts.El schwannoma vestibular (SV) es el tumor más frecuente del ángulo pontocerebeloso. La mayor accesibilidad a las pruebas radiológicas ha incrementado su diagnóstico. Teniendo en cuenta las características del tumor, la clínica y la edad del paciente se han propuesto tres estrategias terapéuticas, observación, cirugía o radioterapia. La elección de la más adecuada para cada paciente es un motivo de controversia frecuente. Material y métodos. El presente trabajo incluye una revisión exhaustiva sobre cuestiones relativas al SV que pueden servir de guía clínica en el manejo de pacientes con estas lesiones. La presentación se ha orientado en forma de preguntas que el clínico se hace habitualmente y las respuestas están redactadas y/o revisadas por un panel de expertos nacionales e internacionales consultados por la Comisión de Otología de la SEORL-CCC. Resultados Se ha elaborado un listado con los 13 bloques temáticos más controvertidos sobre el manejo del SV en forma de 50 preguntas y se han buscado las respuestas a todas ellas mediante una revisión sistemática de la literatura (artículos publicados en PubMed y Cochrane Library entre 1992 y 2023 sobre cada bloque temático). Treinta y tres expertos, liderados por la Comisión de Otología de la SEORL-CCC, han analizado y discutido todas las respuestas. En el Anexo 1 pueden encontrarse 14 preguntas adicionales divididas en cuatro bloques temáticos. Conclusiones. Esta guía de práctica clínica sobre el manejo del SV ofrece respuestas consensuadas a las preguntas más habituales que se plantean sobre este tumor. La ausencia de suficientes estudios prospectivos hace que los niveles de evidencia sobre el tema sean en general medios o bajos. Este hecho incrementa el interés de este tipo de guías de práctica clínica elaboradas por expertos.Ye
Vol. 29, nº 29. Accidentes de tráfico en Andalucía, situación en el año 2022.
No full textEnfermedades de Declaración Obligatoria por provincias. Semana 28/2024 y acumulado desde la semana 01/2024. Datos provisionales. Incluye además el artículo titulado “Accidentes de tráfico en Andalucía, situación en el año 2022”, de “Elisa Rodríguez Romero”.N