Ornitología Neotropical (E-Journal)
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BIRD ENTANGLEMENT AND MORTALITY BY FRUITS OF THE ZAPALLO CASPI TREE PISONIA ZAPALLO IN THE DRY CHACO, ARGENTINA
Get PDFAbstract ∙ Bird entanglement by plants may be globally widespread, but it is not a frequently studied phenomenon, and records in different regions of the world are still scarce. During a short visit to the El Impenetrable National Park, Chaco province, Argentina, in October–November 2022, we recorded 15 incidental cases of birds entangled or trapped by fruits of the tree Pisonia zapallo. Our report involves 12 bird species from eight families, with a wide range of body sizes and masses. To our knowledge, this is the first documented report on this phenomenon in continental South America
DIETA DE LA BANDURRIA ANDINA (Theristicus branickii) A PARTIR DEL ANALISIS POST-MORTEM DE DOS PICHONES, PARQUE NACIONAL ANTISANA, ECUADOR
No full textExiste poca información sobre la dieta de la Bandurria Andina (Theristicus branickii). Se conoce que algunas especies del género Theristicus se alimentan principalmente de invertebrados del suelo. Analizamos dos carcasas de pichones de 12 y 18 días de edad que se encontraban bajo monitoreo; las causas de muerte se atribuyen a caída del ave desde el nido y a hipotermia, respectivamente. Extrajimos los contenidos estomacales e identificamos al nivel más específico posible. En total contabilizamos 128 elementos biológicos en las dos carcasas; 51 y 77 respectivamente. La dieta estuvo dominada por larvas de Noctuidae, Lepidóptera (51%), y en menores proporciones adultos (6%) y larvas (10%) de Lebia paranicola, Coleoptera; ciempiés, Lithobiidae (1%); gasterópodos, Hibroniidae (4%); huevos de Lombricidae (10%); y de restos óseos parcialmente digeridos de roedor Akodon sp. Este estudio evidencia que la dieta de la Bandurria Andina está compuesta por presas características del páramo
CYMINDIS WILSONII CASSIN, 1847 (= CUBAN KITE CHONDROHIERAX WILSONII): ORIGINAL DESCRIPTION, TYPES, COLLECTOR, AND TYPE LOCALITY
Get PDFCuban Kite Chondrohierax wilsonii has usually been considered a species-level taxon endemic to Cuba, where it is now confined to the extreme east and is exceptionally rare. It was described by John Cassin, whose text was repeated basically verbatim in two different periodicals in 1847. The later of the two to appear has been frequently but erroneously cited as the original description. Equally, the type locality has been reported with varying levels of vagueness, but the collector of the specimens, Richard Cowling Taylor, mentioned a rather precise locality. A report on the latter’s geological work reveals they were collected in 1836. Cassin and later Wilmer Stone, the first person to revise type material held at the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia, confused the sexes of this kite, so that the female specimen must be considered the lectotype, although Stone apparently wished to nominate the male as the “type”
GENETIC DIVERSITY AND STRUCTURE OF THE WHITE-FRONTED PARROT (AMAZONA ALBIFRONS) IN MEXICO
Get PDFIn this study we assessed the genetic diversity and differentiation, and genealogical relationships in a group of individuals of A. albifrons distributed on the Pacific slope and in the Yucatan Peninsula, Mexico using mitochondrial DNA markers.Both range regions the species showed a high genetic diversity, suggesting population expansion from a small effective population size. Genealogical relationships revealed the presence of two genetic groups that have gone through different demographic events, one in the Yucatan Peninsula and the other in the Pacific slope. Considering that the individuals of the Yucatan Peninsula formed a genetic group exclusive to the region due to isolation events and a unique evolutionary history, we suggest its recognition as an evolutionarily significant unit (ESU). In addition, considering the presence of unique haplotypes in the localities of Sinaloa and Michoacan, we recommended that conservation plans focus on these regions
THE NEST OF THE SCARLET-HEADED BLACKBIRD AMBLYRAMPHUS HOLOSERICEUS IN BRAZIL WITH NOTES ON ITS BREEDING BEHAVIOR
Get PDFAlthough it is a common marsh bird of central Brazil, there is little information about the reproductive biology of the Scarlet-headed Blackbird Amblyramphus holosericeus. Here we present data from observations made of two nests —found in November 2005 and March 2008— amid the vegetation of a flooded area in the Pantanal of Mato Grosso, the central-west region of Brazil. The nests were built by the couple attached to marshy vegetation, at least 1 m above the surface of the water. The clutches consisted of two eggs with a greenish background color, spotted with fine brown striations and some small, spaced spots across the surface. In one of the nests the incubation period lasted 13 days. Both male and female cared for the chicks, who left the nest around 10 days after hatching. Despite its Least Concern global conservation status, the species could be experiencing a population decline, primarily due to the destruction of swamp areas and to frequent fires in much of the Pantanal region during drought periods
HEMATOLOGICAL AND SERUM CHEMISTRY REFERENCE VALUES OF CAPTIVE BLACK-CHESTED BUZZARD EAGLE (GERANOETUS MELANOLEUCUS)
Get PDF30 captive Black-chested Buzzard-Eagles (Geranoetus melanoleucus) from the Raptors Rehabilitation Center of the Union of Ornithologists of Chile, were used to determine reference values. Packed cell volume (PCV), total protein plasma (TPP), and total and differential leukocyte counts were measured. Aspartate aminotransferase (AST), gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase (GGT), lactate deshidrogenase (LDH), alkaline phosphatase(ALP), creatine kinase (CK), creatinine (CRE), calcium (Ca), inorganic phosphorus (Phos) and uric acid (UA) were analyzed. No significant differences were found between genders (P> 0.05). No blood parasites were found.The results obtained from this study established a baseline for hematological and serum biochemistry parameters for this species.
TURQUOISE JAY (CYANOLYCA TURCOSA) SELF-ANOINTING (ANTING) WITH A MILLIPEDE
Get PDFSelf-anointing has been documented in birds worldwide, including corvids. In self-anointing (active anting), birds rub ants or ant substitutes, such as millipedes, over their feathers. The self-anointing behaviors exhibited by corvids may differ according to species, warranting a comprehensive investigation in this family. I report on a Turquoise Jay (Cyanolyca turcosa) self-anointing with a millipede. The jay rubbed the millipede on its upper and lower rump, and ventral rectrices. It also swept the millipede over the shoulder, wrist, leading primaries and wingtips. The jay repeatedly prodded and bit the millipede, probably agitating it to make it release defensive compounds. After the jay rubbed the millipede against its undertail coverts, an arthropod, possibly an ectoparasite, was observed on the millipede. The jay consumed the millipede, providing the first record of a millipede in the diet of this corvid. Self-anointing in Turquoise Jay might serve in ectoparasite removal and food preparation
DOSEL ABIERTO INTEGRADO (DAI) EN CULTIVOS DE CAFÉ COFFEA ARABICA COMO HERRAMIENTA DE CONSERVACIÓN DE AVES MIGRATORIAS NEÁRTICO-NEOTROPICALES Y AVES RESIDENTES EN YORO, HONDURAS
Get PDFHonduras cuenta con 349,510 hectáreas cultivadas con café Coffea arabica, que son en su mayoría cultivos tradicionales (café sombra y café sol), y en menor escala cultivos con sistema Dosel Abierto Integrado (DAI). El sistema de café DAI consiste en plantaciones de café rodeadas por bosque en una proporción ≥ 1:1, lo que permite la preservación y la restauración de ecosistemas nativos. El objetivo de nuestra investigación fue evaluar el sistema DAI en cultivos de café como una alternativa de conservación para las aves migratorias neártico-neotropicales y aves residentes. Evaluamos características ecológicas, como la riqueza y abundancia de especies, entre los meses de noviembre de 2018 a abril de 2019. Establecimos 75 puntos de conteo de radio fijo en una zona cafetalera del departamento de Yoro, Honduras. Estadísticamente no registramos diferencias significativas en la riqueza de aves migratorias entre los sistemas de bosque, café DAI y cultivos de café tradicionales. Sin embargo, la riqueza de especies dependientes de bosque fue mayor en los sistema bosque y cultivos de café DAI que en cultivos tradicionales. Además, algunas especies dependientes de bosque, como Myioborus miniatus y Mionectes oleagineus, fueron más abundantes (P < 0.05) en bosque y cultivos de café DAI que en cultivos de café tradicionales. Nuestros resultados se suman a los reportados en Costa Rica, en donde se introdujo este agroecosistema de cultivo de café, en los que se indica que el café DAI puede ser una alternativa para la conservación de aves migratorias y residentes, en particular para especies dependientes de bosque
RECORDS OF MOBBING BEHAVIOR IN VENEZUELAN WILD BIRDS
Get PDFMobbing is a survival strategy in which birds attack enemies to drive them from the vicinity. This paper reports mobbing behavior events among wild bird species of Venezuela. A total of 31 species from 15 families were recorded in 130 mobbing events. Individual mobbing was the widespread strategy, recorded in 24 species (77%) and 82 mobbing events (63%). Birds tended to mob individually when the enemy was flying but they inclined to do so in groups when the enemy was perched (χ2 =18.191, p<0.05). However, 16 species (52%) required additional assistance of conspecifics, and only three species (10%) were assisted by non-conspecific allies. Anti-predatory was the widespread function, recorded in 27 species (87%) and 106 mobbing events (82%). 22 species (71%) mobbed one bird of prey at least, and 79 mobbing events (61%) were against typical raptor-shaped birds. But mobbing also was performed for other purposes: six species (19%) mobbed for food resource protection in 17 mobbing events (13%) while other four species (13%) mobbed for site defense in five events (4%). Mobbing behavior was recorded at breeding time in 16 species (53%), and 75 mobbing events (58%) occurred at that period. Seven mobber species (23%) were also mobbed. Most mobbing events (98%) were initiated by the weaker species. Highly significant differences were found in body size (W: 4471.0; p>0.01) and body mass (W: 4452.5; p>0.01) between the mobber and mobbed species. In general, a mobber bird engaged in mobbing with other birds of same body size and body mass up to 5.6 times larger and 117.5 heavier. Only the Roadside Hawk Rupornis magnirostris and the Tropical Kingbird Tyrannus melancholichus were exposed to true danger when they mobbed the Great Black-Hawk Buteogallus anthracinus. Recorded information improves the repository of available knowledge in Venezuela and the Neotropical region
FIRST OBSERVATIONS OF DISPLAY BY SHORT-TAILED PYGMY-TYRANT MYIORNIS ECAUDATUS
Get PDFCourtship or antagonistic displays are known in the genus Myiornis solely from a single anecdotal report pertaining to Black-capped Pygmy-Tyrant M. atricapillus in the tertiary literature. I present a description of what I believe to be a courtship display for the Short-tailed Pygmy-Tyrant M. ecaudatus from observations in northern Peru. The display was perhaps unusual, compared to known displays of other small tyrant-flycatchers (genera Atalotriccus and Hemitriccus), in apparently lacking any audible sound release but instead seemed to be exclusively visual, and involved both perched and flight components. Further observations, however, are required to adequately characterise the behavior and to ascertain its precise social function. In the absence of a complete molecular phylogeny for the five (including one undescribed) species currently placed in Myiornis, behavioral data could prove informative in constructing a robust taxonomic hypothesis for the group