Badan Tenaga Nuklir Nasional: Jurnal BATAN
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KAJIAN PENGARUH TEGANGAN LISTRIK TERHADAP KERUSAKAN KOPLING POMPA PENDINGIN SEKUNDER SELATAN REAKTOR TRIGA 2000 BANDUNG
Full text linkTelah dilakukankajian pengaruh tegangan listrik terhadap kerusakan kopling pompa pendingin sekunder selatan, kajian ini dilakukan tujuannya adalah untuk mengetahui apakah tegangan listrik berpengaruh terhadap kerusakan kopling pompa, sehingga harus diganti dengan yang baru. Kegiatan penggantiankopling pompa dilakukan diakhir tahun 2017. Metoda kajian menggunakan Unbalance Voltage, kegiatan dimulai dengan mengukur besaran tegangan listrikdi tiga kabel yaitu(V(R-S), V(R-T), V(S-T))yang telah melewati Molded Case Circuit Breaker (MCCB) dan dua kontaktor, dilakukan selama 2 jam.Untuk mengetahui keseimbangan dari tegangan listrik yang terukur, maka data hasil pengukuran tegangan yang terkumpul, kemudian dihitung menggunakan rumus NEMA Unbalance Voltage. NEMA memberikan rekomendasi: motor dapat dioperasikan secara normal pada kapasitas rated jika unbalance voltage ≤ 1%. Hasil perhitungan nilai persentase unbalance voltage ada yang mencapai nilai sebesar: 2,17%. Hasil tersebut menunjukan bahwa nilai Unbalance voltage pada pompa pendingin sekunder selatan tidak berpengaruh terhadap kerusakan kopling pompa tetapi berpengaruh kepada kenaikan suhu motor pompa sehingga menyebabkan panas yang berlebih (overheatin) Dapat disimpulkan bahwa nilai Unbalance voltage pada panel catu daya listrik system pendingin sekunder bukan sebagai penyebab kerusakan kopling pompa, namun kerusakan kopling disebabkan karena adanya penurunan kinerja akibat umur pakai komponen
GAMMA RADIATION EFFECTS ON THE PERFORMANCE OF MONO-CRYSTALLINE SOLAR CELLS
Full text linkIn this study, we present examples of solar cells that were subjected to various levels of 60Co gamma radiation. The solar cells we use are mono-crystalline, which has a stable crystal structure and high efficiency compared to polycrystalline. Prior to and during gamma irradiation, the current-voltage characteristics of monocrystalline silicon solar cells under AM1.5 light conditions and their photon spectral currents were examined. The results of the experiment demonstrate that as the dose of gamma radiation increases, solar cell metrics including open circuit voltage (Voc), short circuit current (Isc), and efficiency (η) drop. The photon spectral current demonstrates that as dose gamma is increased, the current decreases at shorter wavelengths and the defects are primarily produced near the solar cell's surface. Our findings demonstrate the gamma irradiation-induced breakdown of silicon solar cells and the minority carrier lifetime which demonstrates that the minority carrier lifetimes sharply decline with increasing radiation dose
DESIGN SCENARIO AND ANALYSIS FOR PRELIMINARY SPECIFICATION OF STEAM GENERATOR IN THE PELUIT-40
Full text linkThe helical steam generator is connected to an HTGR-type nuclear reactor called PeLUIt-40 for steam production. Steam is used to generate electricity and hydrogen. A once-through helical tube bundle was employed because of its ability to endure mechanical stress due to thermal expansion, high resistance to flow-induced vibrations, and better thermal performance compared to a straight tube one. To produce the targeted steam, a design analysis of the once-through helical steam generator needs to be conducted. A quick evaluation method was used to predict the preliminary specifications required for steam production. Simple thermodynamic calculations combined with empirical heat transfer coefficients covering convective and boiling processes at constant pressure were used to carry out the analysis. Two scenarios were conducted to evaluate the design choice based on the previous design of RDE-10
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ANALISA DAN INTERPRETASI DATA HASIL UJI TAK MERUSAK DALAM RANGKA PENGEMBANGAN BASIS DATA POTENSI CACAT PADA PELET UO2
Full text linkPengembangan bahan bakar nuklir baik untuk reaktor riset dan daya telah menjadi fokus penelitian Pusat Riset Teknologi Daur Bahan Bakar Nuklir dan Limbah Radioaktif (PRTDBBNLR), mulai dari tahap fabrikasi, uji pra-iradiasi, iradiasi dan uji pasca-iradiasi. Sebagai satu-satunya fasilitas uji pasca-iradiasi di Asia Tenggara, Instalasi Radiometalurgi (IRM) dituntut untuk siap melakukan evaluasi unjuk kerja bahan bakar nuklir, salah satunya adalah short pin PWR-fuel berisi UO2 yang saat ini sedang dalam tahap proses iradiasi. Salah satu upaya untuk yang dilakukan IRM adalah dengan mengembangkan teknik uji tak merusak, baik metode, analisis, interpretasi maupun inventarisasi terhadap potensi cacat yang mungkin terjadi secara sistemik pada short pin PWR-fuel berisi pelet UO2. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah menginventarisasi metode dan data potensi cacat pada pelet UO2 untuk basis data pengujian pasca-iradiasi.Karakterisasi dilakukan terhadap lima sampel pelet UO2 pra-iradiasi dengan variasi kondisi sinter/mentah, baik/cacat dan perbedaan pengayaan uranium (3%, 4%, dan 5%) menggunakan metode uji visual dan radiografi sinar-X digital. Pengamatan visual mampu memberikan interpretasi awal mengenai kondisi permukaan pelet UO2. Radiografi sinar-X digital dioperasikan pada tegangan 150 kV dan arus 1800 µA untuk menghasilkan citra digital yang kemudian akan dilakukan proses image enhancement menggunakan image processor dalam rangka interpretasi pelet UO2. Pengujian menggunakan radiografi sinar-X digital dan proses image enhancement menambah informasi hasil interpretasi pelet UO2. Retak dan lubang pada permukaan pelet UO2 telah dapat dipetakan, begitu pula telah didapatkan analisis perbedaan pengayaan uranium yang dapat diamati dari grafik gray value. Seluruh informasi terkait metode analisis dan hasil interpretasi pada penelitian ini telah dapat digunakan sebagai basis data untuk menentukan kondisi pelet UO2 di dalam kelongsong short pin PWR-fuel pasca-iradiasi.Kata kunci: Uji tak merusak, pelet UO2, uji visual, radiografi sinar-X digital, basis data
The Effect of Fly Ash Ratio Addition as Layering Material Using Free Draining Column Leach Test Method on Laboratory Scale
Full text linkAcid mine drainage (AMD) is formed due to the oxidation of sulfide minerals in the presence of water and air. AMD already entering the environment can damage the aquatic ecosystem due to low pH and high dissolved metal concentrations. Efforts to prevent the formation of AMD are by regulating the stockpiling of materials containing sulfide or potential acid forming (PAF) with non-acid forming (NAF) to avoid oxidation reactions of sulfide minerals. The purpose of this study was to simulate the effect of adding fly ash ratio as a PAF rock coating material to the quality characteristics of leachate using the laboratory-scale free draining column leach test (FDCLT) method. Adding fly ash ratio as a layering material significantly affects the quality of the resulting leachate. This is due to the physical condition of the fly ash material, which cannot prevent the meeting of AMD-forming components.Acid mine drainage (AMD) is formed due to the oxidation of sulfide minerals in the presence of water and air. AMD already entering the environment can damage the aquatic ecosystem due to low pH and high dissolved metal concentrations. Efforts to prevent the formation of AMD are by regulating the stockpiling of materials containing sulfide or potential acid forming (PAF) with non-acid forming (NAF) to avoid oxidation reactions of sulfide minerals. The purpose of this study was to simulate the effect of adding fly ash ratio as a PAF rock coating material to the quality characteristics of leachate using the laboratory-scale free draining column leach test (FDCLT) method. Adding fly ash ratio as a layering material significantly affects the quality of the resulting leachate. This is due to the physical condition of the fly ash material, which cannot prevent the meeting of AMD-forming components
Magmatic Evolution of Dago Volcano, West Java, Indonesia
Full text linkDago Volcano is a product of Miocene Sunda Arc volcanism located southeast of the capital city of Jakarta. The morphological change from flat lava flow to steeper lava morphology implies a process of magma evolution under Dago Volcano. This research provides an overview of the magma evolution that occurs on this volcano. The methods used include volcanostratigraphic analysis, petrographic analysis, mineral chemistry, and whole-rock geochemistry. The volcanostratigraphy of Dago Volcano is composed of two eruption centers and a flank eruption forming lava and cinder cones products. The mineralogical associations of Dago Volcano products include plagioclase, olivine, and clinopyroxene. The mineral textures of Dago edifices show zoning, sieve, and reaction rims textures. Geochemically, the Dago Volcano product has a magma affinity of med-K calc-alkaline with quite high levels of MgO, Ni, and Cr approaching the characteristics of primitive magma. The magma evolution process of Dago Volcano includes fractional crystallization and magma mixing which originates from the same magma source
Characteristics of Nitrate Pollution in Shallow Groundwater on the South Slope of Mount Merapi, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
Full text linkGroundwater is the primary clean water source for most Indonesian society. The increasing use of groundwater is inevitable due to the rapid development in Indonesia, particularly in Yogyakarta. Shallow aquifers are vulnerable to contamination due to anthropogenic influences. Therefore, this research aims to determine shallow groundwater's physicochemical and chemical characteristics on the southern slope of Mount Merapi, specifically focusing on nitrate and chloride concentrations in groundwater. This research collected monthly data from eighteen dug wells or springs and rainfall data in the study area during the rainy and dry seasons from August 2022 to January 2023. The analyzing sample used argentometry to determine chloride concentration and ultraviolet spectrophotometric to determine nitrate concentration in Yogyakarta Environmental Health and Disease Control Technical Center (BBTKLPP) laboratory. The physicochemical parameters were tested directly in the field using Hanna instruments. The results indicate that a significant portion of shallow groundwater has high nitrate concentrations, corresponding to the growing settlements in the research area. Furthermore, according to the comparison graph between nitrate and chloride, the nitrate source was indicated as anthropogenic. Fecal matter from sanitation practices using septic tanks will likely influence the nitrate increase.Groundwater is the primary clean water source for most Indonesian society. The increasing use of groundwater is inevitable due to the rapid development in Indonesia, particularly in Yogyakarta. Shallow aquifers are vulnerable to contamination due to anthropogenic influences. Therefore, this research aims to determine shallow groundwater's physicochemical and chemical characteristics on the southern slope of Mount Merapi, specifically focusing on nitrate and chloride concentrations in groundwater. This research collected monthly data from eighteen dug wells or springs and rainfall data in the study area during the rainy and dry seasons from August 2022 to January 2023. The analyzing sample used argentometry to determine chloride concentration and ultraviolet spectrophotometric to determine nitrate concentration in Yogyakarta Environmental Health and Disease Control Technical Center (BBTKLPP) laboratory. The physicochemical parameters were tested directly in the field using Hanna instruments. The results indicate that a significant portion of shallow groundwater has high nitrate concentrations, corresponding to the growing settlements in the research area. Furthermore, according to the comparison graph between nitrate and chloride, the nitrate source was indicated as anthropogenic. Fecal matter from sanitation practices using septic tanks will likely influence the nitrate increase.
The Development Process of Human Machine Interface of Plant Protection System of a Small Modular Reactor
Full text linkThe Plant Protection System (PPS), which consists of Reactor Protection Systems (RPS) and Engineered Safety Actuated Systems (ESFAS), is one of the most important safety systems in nuclear reactors, including Small Modular Reactors (SMRs). The RPS generates a signal to trip the reactor if the measured reactor parameters exceed the trip setpoint, and then the ESFAS is actuated to mitigate the consequences of the accident by minimizing fuel damage and radioactivity release into the environment. Therefore, a comprehensive Human-Machine Interface (HMI) is essential for monitoring and controlling the PPS to ensure its reliability and enhance the operators' situational awareness. This study discusses the development process of the HMI for the digital PPS of an SMR. In this study, various standards, guidance, and design criteria for PPS and HMI are incorporated and applied to ensure that the proposed design meets the required level of reliability. In the first stage, the proposed design is intended for assessing the functionality and reliability of the PPS. Moreover, in the future, it will play an essential role in the design phase of the HMI for the PPS of an SMR in Indonesia
PRELIMINARY STUDY OF ARSENIC CONTENT AND TOXICITY ASSESSMENT IN RICE FROM INDONESIA
Full text linkOver 50 percent of the world's population consumes rice as a staple food. However, due to natural and anthropogenic activity, heavy metals, particularly arsenic (As), can be found in rice. This has become a worldwide concern because of the high level of consumption of rice and its processed products, as well as the long-term consequences. Information on dietary arsenic exposure in raw and cooked rice and its content quality in Indonesia is limited; however, its availability is essential for estimating toxicity level intake. Therefore, an advanced, accurate, fast, relatively easy, and environmentally friendly arsenic analysis method, such as total X-ray fluorescence (TXRF) and a line equation approach, is needed. It is necessary to evaluate arsenic content and inorganic arsenic (i-As) in rice. The research aimed to assess preliminary dietary arsenic exposure, evaluate rice's inorganic arsenic concentration, and assess toxicity levels. Toxicity level estimation of arsenic exposure was done by determining the hazard quotient (HQ). The results showed that t-As and i-As in rice were 0.071-0.104 mg/kg and 0.050-0.073 mg/kg (wet base), respectively. The mean percentage of i-As reached 70% from the t-As, and the toxicity level of arsenic in cooked rice is low, as shown by the value of HQ < 1. The estimated result indicates no chronic non-carcinogenic effect caused by these samples