Badan Tenaga Nuklir Nasional: Jurnal BATAN
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EFEK NITROCARBURIZING PADA MATERIAL LOW CARBON STEEL TERHADAP KETAHANAN KOROSI DAN KEKERASAN
Full text linkEFEK NITROCARBURIZING PADA MATERIAL LOW CARBON STEEL TERHADAP KETAHANAN KOROSI DAN KEKERASAN. Penggunaan baja saat ini mengalami pertumbuhan yang cukup pesat. Material baja karbon rendah banyak digunakan pada fasilitas di Instalasi Radiometalurgi, BATAN, terutama untuk komponen struktur konveyor, rantai, gerigi dan sebagainya. Penggunaannya yang semakin masif sehingga berbagai macam perkembangan pada material baja dilakukan. Salah satunya adalah dengan meningkatkan kualitas baja agar dapat digunakan dalam jangka waktu yang lama. Salah satu metode yang dapat digunakan untuk meningkatkan kualitas baja adalah dengan proses nitrokarburasi. Penelitian ini berfokus pada pengaruh proses nitrocarburizing terhadap laju korosi. Proses nitrocarburizing dilakukan pada beberapa sampel dengan temperatur yang berbeda dan gas yang sama. Peningkatan temperatur pada proses nitrocarburizing menghasilkan permukaan spesimen yang lebih keras. Peningkatan kekerasan diperoleh berdasarkan perbedaan temperatur yang meningkat dari 192 HV untuk sampel sebelum dinitrocarburizing menjadi 793 HV untuk sampel nitrocaburizing 450 ºC. Selain itu ketahanan korosi meningkat dengan meningkatnya temperatur nitrocarburizing. Proses nitrocarburizing menyebabkan difusi atom-atom C dan N sehingga membentuk compound layer, diffusion layer, dan transition layer yang terdiri dari lapisan ε-Fe2-3N, γ’- Fe4N, Fe2(N, C)1-z menjadikan lapisan permukaan material menjadi keras dan resistan terhadap korosi. Kata Kunci: Nitrocarburizing , korosi, kekerasan, low carbon stee
Effect of Thermomechanical Treatment Combination on Electrochemical Behavior of Nickel Free-Stainless Steel Fe-10Mn-16Cr-3Mo
Full text linkNickel-free stainless steel has emerged as an implant due to its excellent mechanical and corrosion properties. The toxic effect of Nickel ion released in the conventional SS316L need to be addressed. As one of austenitizing elements used as Nickel substitution, Nitrogen is an important alloying element to improve the strength and resistance to pitting susceptibility. In this research, the Nickel-free Fe-10Mn-16Cr-3Mo stainless steel has been developed. The effect of thermomechanical treatment consists of hot forging, hot rolling, cold rolling, and their combination followed by solution treatment on the electrochemical properties was further investigated. The corrosion resistance of Fe-10Mn-16Cr-3Mo was evaluated by the EIS and polarization test in Hank’s solution at 37℃. A ferrite-austenite duplex structure was identified by microstructural investigation, with indistinct intermetallic phase at homogenized sample. Meanwhile, fully recrystallized grains and twinning structures were formed at thermomechanical samples, indicating in dynamic recovery and dynamic recrystallization. Furthermore, the potentiodynamic parameters demonstrates the protective oxide in all samples. However, sample #5 shows a lower current density, around 0.184 µA/cm2, compared to other samples, indicating more protective passive film. In addition, the corrosion potential of sample #5, around 198 mV leading to higher corrosion resistance up to 0.02894 mmpy
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
No full textThis Section consists of Abstract Collection Page, Keywords Index Page and Acknowledgment Pag
MEASURED AND CALCULATED INTEGRAL REACTIVITY OF CONTROL RODS IN RSG-GAS FIRST CORE
Full text linkThe control rod worth is one of the important parameters for the operation of a nuclear reactor. Proper measurement and calculation of the control rod worth are essential for the safe reactor operation under normal and transient conditions that are initiated by a postulated event such as a stuck rod, control rods ejection, etc. This paper presents calculation results of integral reactivity of the RSG-GAS research reactor first core and its comparison with the experimental data. Calculations were performed using the continuous energy transport code Serpent 2 with ENDF/B-VIII.0 nuclear data. Integral reactivity measurement was done by compensating method with control rod bank, regulating rod, and reactivity meter. Calculations are carried out for each method used in control rod measurement data with an aim to validate calculated results to experimental data. Compared with the measured experiment data, there are no significant differences in calculation results of integral reactivity. The maximum difference of the control rod's total reactivity is 1.26% compared to the measurement carried out by compensating method with regulating rod
ELEMENTS CHARACTERIZATION IN RICE FLOUR AND FISH MEAL FOR LABORATORY COMPETENCY
Full text linkNowadays, nutrition problem becomes an important issue in many developing countries. Lack or excess macro and micro elements in food can interfere human health. Therefore, food safety needs a reliable analytical method in accuracy and precision. In this activity, characterization of toxic (As, Pb, Cd, Hg) and essential elements (Na, K, Ca, Mg, Fe,Cu, Zn) in rice flour and fish meal had been done using Neutron Activation Analysis (NAA) and Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry (AAS). Both samples provided by The Asia Pacific Food Analysis Network (APFAN) on 2017. Three replications were prepared. Reducing the probability of contaminating the sample is a must. AAS needs homogenous liquid samples therefore samples were digested using microwave digestion to avoid loss of volatile elements from the samples. Evaluation on rice flour and fish meal samples analysis were based on Z-score value with 3 categories: satisfactory, questionable and unsatisfactory result. Both methods had satisfactory result in rice flour where Z-score value of K, Ca, Zn < 2 meanwhile AAS gave Mg, Fe, Cu, Cd < 2 in the same sample. NAA gave the Z-score 2 < Mg < 3 in rice flour. Satisfied performance in fish meal gave Z-score values of K, Ca, Mg, Fe, Zn < 2 for both of them. Values of Na < 2 and 2 < Hg < 3 obtained from NAA in fish meal and Z-score of As was < 2 with NAA. Moreover, 2 < Pb < 3 obtained from AAS in fish meal sample. These results showed that NAA and AAS are accurate and precise methods on food analysis in rice flour and fish meal from APFAN to maintain laboratory competency
ACKNOWLEDGMENT
No full textThis Section consists of Abstract Collection Page, Keywords Index Page and Acknowledgment Pag
ANALYSIS OF THORIUM PIN CELL BURN UP OF THE PWR USING WIMS CODE
Full text linkA thorium-fueled benchmark comparison was made in this study between state-of-the-art codes, WIMSD-5B code to MOCUP (MCNP4B + ORIGEN2), and CASMO-4 for burnup calculations as part of efforts to examine the possible benefits of using thorium in PWR fuel. WIMSD-5B calculations employ the same model as a reference, MOCUP, and CASMO, however, there are some variances in methodology and cross-section libraries. On a PWR pin cell model, eigenvalue and isotope concentrations were examined up to high burnup. The eigenvalue comparison as a function of burnup is good, with a maximum difference of less than 5% and an average absolute difference of less than 1%. The isotope concentration comparisons outperform a set of ThO2-UO2 fuel benchmarks and are comparable to a set of uranium fuel benchmarks previously published in the literature. As a function, the eigenvalue comparison The actinide and fission product data sources for a typical thorium fuel are reported in the WIMSD-5B burnup calculations. The reasons for discrepancies in coding are examined and explored.Keywords: Thorium, PWR Fuel, Burn up, Pin Cell, WIMSD-5B
NEUTRONIC ANALYSIS OF THE VVER-1200 LATTICE CELL FUEL USING WIMSD-5B CODE
Full text linkThe calculation of safety parameters in nuclear reactors has an important influence on nuclear reactor control and safety. The infinite multiplication factor, reactivity coefficients, and power peaking factor parameters are the most important safety parameters for determining reactor status. The aim of the present study is to analyze the behavior of the nuclear safety parameters for the VVER-1200 core in a normal state of reactor operation. A lattice cell fuel model of the VVER-1200 reactor core was performed using WIMSD-5B. The cross-section library data based on the ENDF/B-VIII.0 was used. The investigated parameters were the value of infinite multiplication factor with different pitch, temperature, enrichment, and boron concentration. The calculation also investigated the reactivity coefficient parameters. The verification of WIMS model VVER-1200 was performed by comparing the results of the WIMSD-5B code with VVER-1200 data in the SAR document, and it was implied that they are in good agreement. The calculated values of reactivity coefficients illustrated a safe behavior