Rubatosis Publications (E-Journals)
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A comprehensive overview on nanofiber technology and their advancements in the field of pharmaceuticals
No full textNanotechnology is a growing technology that has been marked as the most vital scientific and commercial venture across the world with great benefits. Globally many researchers are involved in the development of newer types of nanomaterials through modifications of various fabrication techniques. Nanofibers have been an emerging trend in the field of nanomaterials due to its unique physicochemical characteristics. Properties such as high surface area and high porosity absorbance ratio with the interconnected fibrous networks makes nanofibers unique. The current review explores the present status and upcoming advancements in the field of nanofiber technology. The article is focused on the various preparation techniques and applications in medicine, tissue engineering and regenerative medicine and pharmaceuticals. Despite the advancements, the limitations and future prospects in the area of nanofiber technology have been highlighted
Impact of microvascular complications on quality of life in diabetic patients
No full textABSTRACTIntroduction: Diabetes is a serious health concern all over the world. Among people with diabetes, a key factor influencing quality of life (QOL) is degree and nature of diabetes related complications experienced by the patients over a lifetime. QOL is important health related factor and one of the most widely used measure to self-assess the effect of the management of chronic disease on health and monitors the physical, psychological, and social aspects of personal health.Methodology: This study is a prospective questionnaire based observational study which was conducted over a period of 6 months in a tertiary care hospital among diabetic patients. The subjects are interviewed with WHOQOL-BREF questionnaire and relevant information was collected. The domain wise scores are calculated.Results: A total of 140 diabetic patients were included in the study of which 100 were with complications and 40 were without complications. On conducting single sample unpaired test analysis, we found significant difference in the patients. The inference obtained this study was that nephropathy is the most common microvascular complication and affects the psychological and environmental status of subjects.Conclusion: The study was done to know the influence of complications on QOL and to reduce the burden of disease by improving QOL by effective counselling points and self-care management. We conclude that taking proper diabetic diet and self-care can prevent the worsening of QOL in patients with microvascular complications.
 
A Comparative study of oxidant and Anti-oxidant parameters in Chronic Renal Failure, Haemodialysis (Pre &Post) and Controls
No full textChronic kidney disease (CKD) is featured by a progressive decline of kidney function and is mainly caused by chronic diseases such as diabetes mellitus and hypertension. CKD is a complex disease due to cardiovascular complications and high morbidity; however, there is no single treatment to improve kidney function in CKD patients. Since biological markers representing oxidative stress are significantly elevated in CKD patients, oxidative stress is receiving attention as a contributing factor to CKD pathology. Aim of our study is comparison of oxidant and anti oxidant parameters in chronic renal failure, Hemodialysis (pre and post) and control subjects. Materials and Methods: The present study was conducted on a patient group comprising of 50 patients diagnosed with CRF, 50 were pre hemodialysis, 50 were post hemodialysis (MHD). This patient group was compared to a healthy group including 100 controls. All the study participants were admitted in the department of Medicine [Nephrology department] at “Fathima Institute of Medical Sciences”, Kadapa. Andhra Pradesh. India. The obtained serum samples were used for biochemical analysis for estimating MDA, vitamin A and Glutathione Peroxidase (GPx). Conclusion: Our results reflects the primary mechanisms of oxidative stress and inflammation during hemodialysis which may cause of CVD development in hemodialysed patients
Covid 19: Need of vaccine induced herd immunity in India
No full textIntroduction: Herd immunity is a traditional concept nothing but a form of indirect protection from contagious diseases. In a mass community, there is no need to be everyone immune. If a high proportion of members in the community are immune, spreading of the disease is reduced even to non-immunized patients. This study offers an overview of vaccine-induced herd immunity importance in this pandemic and how it will be achieved. Methodology: The data of basic reproduction number Ro values for COVID 19 of 10 weeks in India which were estimated by Ro package in R software are extracted from a research article (reference no.4) and taken the mean Ro value due to fluctuations as well as to avoid great errors by using MS Excel. Herd immunity is calculated by using a standard equation stated as R=(1-Pc )(1-P1)Ro Results: The mean basic reproduction number Ro for COVID 19 in India was calculated as 1.671 by using MS excel and the herd 3 determines that only 40.16% proportion of individuals need to immunized through a vaccine to achieve herd immunity towards COVID 19 in India. Conclusion: This study estimates mean base reproduction Ro as 1.671 and Herd Immunity Threshold (HIT) as 40.16% by using past data. This study concludes that vaccine-induced herd immunity helps us by playing a key role to eliminate novel coronavirus
Bleomycin induced skin rashes- a case report
No full textBleomycin is a cytotoxic glycopeptide derived from Streptomyces verticillus and is used in ABVD (Adriamycin, Bleomycin, Vinblastine, Dacarbazine) chemotherapy regimen. Bleomycin is effective against several human cancers particularly lymphomas, testicular and ovarian germ cell tumors and squamous cell carcinoma. Pulmonary toxicity and skin toxicity are the major toxicities of bleomycin. The various dermatological adverse effects of bleomycin include flagellate dermatitis, erythema, hyperpigmentation, hyperkeratosis, palmoplantar desquamation, Raynaud’s phenomenon. The development of rash is independent of dose and route of administration. This is a case of 68 years male patient diagnosed with Hodgkin’s lymphoma who developed rashes after receiving bleomycin based chemotherapy. The patient responded well to the antihistamines, aloe Vera-calamine lotion and bleomycin was withheld from the subsequent chemotherapy cycles.
Keywords: Bleomycin, Skin toxicity, Hodgkin’s lymphoma
Assessing role of lipid and polymer based delivery systems in inserts
Get PDFMajority of gynaecological, proctologic diseases were treated through rectal or vaginal delivery of medications, which can bypass the first pass metabolism and can produce required local effect. Inserts are evolutionary pharmaceutical dosageform that are semi solid at room temperature but upon insertion in cavities of humans, melt and release the drug localised. The inserts are advantageous since they can be placed at scare sites where blood perfusion is high that can enable for rapid absorption limiting many side effects. Ocular inserts represents the advanced technology in treating several ophthalmic diseases. Designing and development of optimum inserts is a challenge ever faced by Pharmaceutical researchers. In view of this, lipid and polymer based systems were additionally employed to improve the therapeutic efficiency of foresaid dosage forms. The review rationalises the importance of these inserts and their broad applications for multidisciplinary applications
Conceptualization of cross-linking polymers and lipids for better bio adhesion and oral bioavailability
Get PDFOver the last decades, approaches in designing several lipid carriers have been evolved to deliver the poorly soluble drugs. Lipid based systems can play a vital role in improving the efficacy and safety, thus finally enhancing the therapeutic efficiency. LBDS can be modified in several ways to meet the wide range of product necessities as per the disease condition, product stability and route of administration. Crosslinking of polymers or lipids using modern techniques have greatly helped to modulate the specific release of drugs and as well safe guard the drug from various enzymes produced in the body thereby increasing the bioavailability greatly. The cross-linking will greatly enable to swell and even allow these varieties of polymers to adhere to the natural human tissues, mucosal membranes allowing them to be used for site specific release. The review emphasis on different approaches of crosslinking employed for complementing to prepare novel drug delivery systems like Emulsions, vesicular system and lipid particulate systems
Simultaneous determination of levocetrizine and phenylpropanolamine hydrocholride by RP-HPLC
No full textThe aim of the present study was to develop the simple, selective, rapid, precise and economical reverse phase-high performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC) method for the simultaneous estimation of levocetirizine and phenylpropanolamine HCl in solid dosage forms. The method was carried out on a Phenomenex Luna C18 (25 cm × 4.6 mm i.d., 5 μ) column with a mobile phase consisting of acetonitrile: 0.5% triethylamine (70:30 v/v, pH 3.0) at a flow rate of 1.2 mL/min. Detection was carried out at 220 nm. The retention time (RT) 1.8 min and 2.6 min for phenylpropanolamine hydrocholride and levocetrizine respectively. The % recovery of standard phenylpropanolamine hydrocholride and levocetrizine was found to be 98.17 to 103.56 and 98.893 to 10.422 respectively. The % recovery of sample phenylpropanolamine hydrocholride and levocetrizine was found to be 101.30 and 100.63 respectively. The validation of the proposed method was also carried out. The proposed method can be used for the estimation of these drugs in combined dosage forms
Novel Approaches to Enhance Oral Bioavailability of Poorly Soluble Drugs
Get PDFOral administration is considered as major, convenient route among all other routes of delivery, owing to several benefits. But, the poor solubility or enzymatic/metabolic activity are the major concerns in developing a successful formulation. About 40% of approved drugs which are in the current market and 90% of new drug molecules in the developmental pipeline are hydrophobic in nature. The challenge to formulate insoluble drugs has met with various approaches to overcome the problems related to solubility, application of nanotechnology is one amongst them. The present review deals with various nanocarriers and technologies that are proven to be effective in enhancing the bioavilability of poorly soluble drugs
Formulation and evaluation of lansoprazole loaded enteric coated microspheres
Get PDFThe research focuses on the development of multiparticulate delivery system for acid-labile Lansoprazole to prevent its degradation in the acidic environment of the stomach and enhance its bioavailability via intestinal absorption. This problem can be solved by enteric coating. In this project, cellulose acetate phthalate a polymer usually utilized for gastrointestinal film coating of tablets, was used to prepare enteric microspheres of lansoprazole with solvent evaporation technique in various formulations such as F1, F2, F3, F4, F5 with drug: polymer ratios of 1:1, 1:2, 1:3, 1:4, 1:5 respectively. FTIR study indicated compatibility between drug and polymer. Increase in concentration of polymer increased spheriocity and mean diameter of the microspheres. The drug entrapment efficiency was in the range of 72.23% to 88.64%. SEM revealed that microspheres were found spherical and porous. In-vitro study proves that drug release slowly increases as the pH of the medium increased and prevents degradation of drug in acidic pH. In-vitro drug release was found to be 92.80%, 94.55%, 92.72%, 96.34%, 98.65% in all 5 formulations. All 5 formulations showed gastric resistance around 80-90%. So it is concluded that the developed enteric coated microspheres of Lansoprazole prevented drug release in the stomach which would lead to significant improvement in its bioavailability through enhanced intestinal absorption