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A Systemic Study of the Use of Minors’ Testimonial Evidence in Criminal Proceedings
Get PDFVerbal evidence given by minors in criminal cases has both high probative value and high vulnerability. On the one hand, in “closed-space” cases such as sexual assault and domestic violence, the statements of minor victims and the testimony of minor witnesses often form the core, or even the only direct, evidence to ascertain the facts. On the other hand, because minors are still in the stage of physical and mental development, their abilities of memory, understanding and expression are weaker than those of adults. They are easily affected by suggestion, information contamination and traumatic experience, so the stability and credibility of their statements are widely questioned.
China’s current Criminal Procedure Law and related judicial interpretations contain rules on the presence of an appropriate adult, the principle of one-time questioning, and synchronized audio-video recording. However, in general, these provisions are scattered, the standards are vague, and the procedural legal consequences are unclear. They have not yet formed an integrated institutional structure that covers the collection, review and exclusion of evidence.
Starting from the theory of evidence law, this paper defines the concept, characteristics and legal nature of verbal evidence given by minors, and reveals the present difficulties of the Chinese system. It then proposes an institutional scheme that takes procedural reliability as the core, the best interests of the child as the guiding value, and at the same time respects the defendant’s right to confrontation. By improving special rules on verbal evidence given by minors, confirming “one-stop” evidence collection and special modes of testimony, refining standards for reviewing the credibility of victims’ statements, and specifying exclusion rules linked to the presence of an appropriate adult, the paper seeks to promote the coordinated development of juvenile justice protection and criminal justice fairness
A Study on the Integration of Mental Health Education and Ideological and Political Education in Universities Under New Circumstances
Get PDFWith the changing landscape of higher education in the new era, the importance of mental health education and ideological and political education in the comprehensive development of students has become increasingly prominent. Traditional approaches to ideological and political education and mental health education have shown a certain disconnection in terms of content and methods, necessitating the exploration of integrative pathways to better promote students’ ideological consciousness and mental well-being. This paper, from both theoretical and practical perspectives, examines the mechanisms and implementation paths for integrating mental health education with ideological and political education in universities. By reviewing the literature and conducting empirical research, the study analyzes the progress of related research both domestically and internationally, and, in conjunction with the current state of university education, proposes theoretical foundations and practical strategies for constructing an integrative mechanism. The findings indicate that the integration of mental health education and ideological and political education can enhance students’ mental resilience and ideological and political literacy, thus providing a new pathway to achieve educational objectives. Finally, the paper puts forward corresponding policy recommendations aimed at offering theoretical support and practical guidance for promoting the integration of mental health and ideological and political education in universities under new conditions
Study on the Development Dilemma of Prefabricated Vegetable Industry and the Path of Legal Regulation
Get PDFFood safety public opinion in the prepared vegetable industry has a negative impact on the development of the industry. The lack of industry as well as school lunch standards, the absence of industry self-regulation, the inadequacy of the regulatory system and the low transparency of information are the deep-seated reasons for the outbreak of negative public opinion in the prepared vegetable industry. The healthy development of the prepared vegetable industry requires the joint efforts of many parties. The systematic construction of the standard system is an important prerequisite for the orderly development of the prepared vegetable industry; the real performance of industry self-regulation is the internal incentive for the development of the prepared vegetable industry; the improvement and perfection of regulatory measures and early warning mechanism is the external guarantee for the development of the prepared vegetable industry; and the effective disclosure of product information can help to increase the participation rate of the public in supervision, which will in turn stimulate the effective implementation of the industry self-regulation and the governmental supervision, and realise the pluralistic and common governance of the prepared vegetable industry. The effective disclosure of product information can help improve the participation rate of public supervision, which in turn can stimulate the effective implementation of industry self-regulation and government supervision, and realise the multi-dimensional governance of the prepared vegetable industry
Implications and Recommendations for the Implementation of the Marrakesh Treaty in China in the Context of Safeguarding the Health of Dyslexic Groups
Get PDFThe Marrakesh Treaty, in response to the difficulty of visually impaired people and other reading-impaired people in obtaining works that they can read, enjoy and study, stipulates limitations and exceptions to copyright, which guarantees the basic rights of special groups to access information and ideas, and safeguards the physical and mental health development of these groups from the perspective of human rights. As one of the parties to the Marrakesh Treaty, China has actively promoted the implementation of the content of the treaty, expanding the scope of beneficiaries and accessible format versions and adding exceptions to technological measures in the Copyright Law amended in 2020, in order to prepare for the fulfillment of international treaty obligations. However, there is still a gap between the current legislation of China and the requirements of the treaty, and the problems are specifically reflected in the unclear qualifying conditions for circumventing technological measures, disputes over the types of restricted rights, and the absence of provisions related to cross-border exchange. In order to implement the provisions of the treaty, China should adjust the existing legislation to address the problems, reasonably interpret the term "normal way" in the provisions of the circumvention of technical measures, and clarify the types of restricted rights, including the right of reproduction, the right of distribution, the right of dissemination in the information network, the right of modification, the right of translation, and the right of exhibition. Separate regulations should be established for the cross-border exchange system
Application of Machine Vision in Structural Deformation and Health Monitoring
Get PDFThere are two main methods of structural health monitoring. Among them, the traditional structure health monitoring technology is mainly artificial, which has some problems such as inflexibility, large error, high cost and difficult to adapt to the change of natural environment. The structural health monitoring method based on machine vision has the characteristics of flexible measuring point, high accuracy, fast speed and no contact. A variety of machine vision technologies, such as image acquisition, image processing, three-dimensional vision and deep learning technologies, have made great progress, and their application scenarios are constantly expanding. This paper is based on infrared image acquisition technology, 3D vision acquisition technology, image stitching technology, stereo vision technology four perspectives. The improvement of machine vision technology in the field of structural health monitoring is described in detail. The development trend of machine vision acquisition technology and image processing technology and the huge growth space of machine vision technology are analyzed. The application range of these key technologies is also introduced. The application results in building crack detection, seepage detection and fire detection are summarized, and the future development of this technology is prospected from the aspects of algorithm robustness
Wrongful Convictions: Beyond Circumstantial Evidence and Psychological Bias towards Direct Evidence
Get PDFThe Indian Evidence Act, 1872, now replaced by the Bharatiya Sakshya Adhiniyam, 2023, is the result of centuries of debate on how evidence should be evaluated in legal proceedings. While some scholars, like Gilbert, insisted on a strict hierarchy where direct evidence held more weight, others, like Bentham, argued that logic and context should guide its assessment. James Stephen, the Act’s drafter, took a middle path, focusing on relevancy without ranking different types of evidence. However, in practice, courts often favor direct evidence over circumstantial evidence, especially in criminal convictions, believing it to be more certain, while circumstantial evidence is seen as dealing with probabilities. This paper explores why this preference persists, even though neither the Act nor the Supreme Court explicitly endorses it. It argues that beyond legal principles, deeper judicial tendencies and structural factors influence how courts assess evidence and determine guilt
Research on Scientific Management Innovation in the Era of Digital Economy
Get PDFWith the rapid development of digital economy, the wide application of information technology is reshaping the operation mode and management structure of enterprises. At the heart of the digital economy is data-driven decision making, intelligent management, and networked collaboration, which provide unprecedented opportunities and challenges for enterprises. By combining the successful cases of specific enterprises, this paper aims to provide practical strategies for business managers to help them better adapt to the rapid changes of the digital economy and improve management efficiency and decision-making ability. Finally, this paper hopes to provide a new perspective and thinking for the future scientific management research in the era of digital economy
Validation Syndrome: The Root of Deception and Developmental Predictors of Dark Triad Traits in Adolescents for Forensic and Developmental Psychology
Get PDFThis study examines the early developmental predictors of Dark Triad traits, narcissism, machiavellianism, and psychopathy in adolescents using a mixed-methods approach grounded in the Validation Syndrome Diagnostic Triangle (VSDT) framework. The VSDT posits that self-doubt, desire, and self-gratification interact with environmental and familial influences to shape personality traits. Data from the Add Health Longitudinal Study (N = 15,000 adolescents, aged 12–18) were analyzed using Pearson correlations, multiple regression, and thematic analysis. Findings indicate that familial conflict and socioeconomic stress strongly predict Dark Triad tendencies, particularly self-doubt (r = .953, p < .05), self-gratification (r = .898, p < .05), and desire (r = .812, p < .05). Conversely, parental monitoring demonstrated a protective effect, negatively correlating with self-doubt (β = -0.008, p < .05) and self-gratification (β = 0.269, p < .05). Regression analysis identified familial conflict as the strongest predictor of maladaptive traits (β = 0.158, p < .001), accounting for 92.68% of the variance in self-doubt (R² = .927). Thematic analysis corroborated these findings, linking Dark Triad traits to validation-seeking behaviors in adverse familial environments. Adolescents with high Dark Triad tendencies engaged in cyberbullying and manipulative online behaviors, while supportive environments and parental monitoring fostered resilience. These findings validate the VSDT framework, emphasizing the role of familial and environmental factors in adolescent personality development. The findings have implications for forensic cyberpsychology, examining how online interactions shape developmental patterns and influence digital deception. The study provides actionable insights for early interventions to mitigate antisocial behavior. Future research should explore cross-cultural interventions to support healthier adolescent development
Implicit Competency And Its Relationship With Post Competency And Job Burnout Among General Practitioners In Primary Healthcare In Chongqing: Analysis Using Structural Equation Modelling
Get PDFThe National Health Commission emphasises the pivotal role of general practitioners in primary medical care and importance of training their competencies to enhance the quality of primary medical services and alleviate job burnout. Most current research focuses on post competency, whereas implicit competency and the correlations between implicit competency, post competency, and job burnout have not received sufficient attention. This study investigated implicit competency among grassroots general practitioners in Chongqing, China, and explored the relationship between implicit competency, post competency, and job burnout. This study aimed to provide a reference for the competency training of general practitioners. A questionnaire survey was conducted with 473 general practitioners in primary medical and healthcare institutions in Chongqing from January 2024 to February 2024, with participants selected using convenience sampling. Implicit competency, post competency, and job burnout scales were used. A structural equation model was used to analyse the relationships between implicit competency, job competency, and job burnout. The results indicated that only overall implicit competency was barely good (mean score = 4.08). Significant differences were observed in implicit competency scores by age, years of work, education, title, marital status, and workplace (P < 0.05). Significant correlations were found among the dimensions of implicit competency, post competency, and job burnout. Implicit competency and post competency were positively correlated (P < 0.05). Implicit competency had a significant negative effect on the emotional exhaustion and depersonalisation dimensions of job burnout (P < 0.05). Post competency had a significant positive effect on the personal achievement dimension of job burnout (P < 0.05). The implicit competency of grassroots general practitioners in Chongqing is inadequate. Implicit competency and post competency were positively correlated and had a negative impact on job burnout. It is crucial to enhance the implicit and post competence of general practitioners, as well as to reduce job burnout at the levels of general practitioners, medical institutions, and national policies for the construction of a general practitioner team and the implementation of a hierarchical diagnosis and treatment system
Discussion on the Clinical Application of Acupuncture and Cosmetology from 'Where the Truth is Stabbed, the Spirit must be Cured First'
Get PDFAcupuncture and moxibustion is one of the core parts of traditional Chinese medicine, through acupuncture and moxibustion on the skin can harmonise yin and yang, dredge the meridians and channels, beauty and health, and slow down the aging process. The many doctrines and classical needling methods in the ‘Internal Canon’ have laid a solid foundation for the theory and clinical operation of acupuncture and cosmetology. In this paper, we start from the theory of ‘Where the prick is real, the Spirit must be treated first’ in the ‘Ling Shu’, and discuss the clinical application of the theory of ‘treating the Spirit’ in acupuncture and cosmetology, with a view to providing references for clinical treatment and research