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Guidelines for computing crop water requirements. Second edition, revised 2025
No full textThe 2025 Revised Edition of Crop Evapotranspiration – Guidelines for Computing Crop Water Requirements marks a major update to FAO Irrigation and Drainage Paper No. 56, a seminal reference in agricultural water management since 1998. Building on the global uptake and proven reliability of the original guidelines—particularly the adoption of the FAO Penman-Monteith method—this new edition integrates advances in science, technology, and field practices to address the evolving challenges of agriculture in the face of climate change, water scarcity, and growing food demand.The updated guidelines reaffirm the foundational concepts while introducing enhanced methodologies for estimating crop evapotranspiration. These include the use of remote sensing, Internet of Things (IoT) applications, and improved energy balance approaches—tools that increase precision, adaptability, and scalability. The edition features updated crop coefficients, new climatic and agronomic datasets, and region-specific guidance, with particular attention to arid and semi-arid environments.Designed for a wide audience—researchers, practitioners, policymakers, and farmers—the revised guidelines support the development of more efficient and resilient irrigation practices. They enable better water allocation decisions, improved irrigation scheduling, and the implementation of water-saving strategies tailored to local contexts.By blending rigorous science with practical application, this edition remains a critical tool for sustainable agricultural planning and climate adaptation. It empowers stakeholders to optimize crop water use, reduce environmental impacts, and safeguard food security in an increasingly water-stressed world
Annual progress report 2024
No full textThe Flexible Voluntary Contribution (FVC) 2024 Annual progress report captures the key achievements of the FVC, in terms of both its role as a pooled fund for non-earmarked and softly earmarked contributions from FAO partners and the implementation of development projects through FVC-funded subprogrammes. The report provides a comprehensive understanding of the FVC's role within FAO, the contribution of FVC-funded initiatives to the achievement of FAO's four betters and their respective Programme Priority Areas (PPAs), and the future direction of the FVC based on experiences in 2024
Project code: GCP/GLO/838/GFF, GEF ID: 9128
No full textThis evaluation assesses the Global Partnership Project (CFI-GPP) of the Coastal Fisheries Initiative (CFI). The CFI-GPP aims to strengthen global partnerships for sustainable coastal fisheriesmanagement and marine biodiversity conservation across West Africa, Latin America and Asia. Its objectives include fostering integrated, participatory and collaborative approaches, developing innovative tools for fisheries performance assessment, and promoting empirically effective pathways toward environmental, social and economic sustainability. Lessons learned highlight the need for robust, formalized coordination and integrated monitoring and knowledge management systems to fully realize the benefits of global partnerships in sustainable fisheries management
The environmental impact of reducing food loss and waste: A critical assessment
No full textThis paper examines the rationale for pursuing environmental objectives by reducing food loss and waste (FLW). The main thrust of the literature on this issue is that FLW reduction can make a major contribution to making food systems more sustainable. Using a stylized analytical framework, we find that reducing FLW always improves resource use efficiency for land and water, and reduces the amount of greenhouse gases (GHG) emitted per unit of food consumed. However, whether the actual environmental outcome is improved will depend on where environmental damage and FLW reduction occur, and the way price transmission connects these along the food supply chain. We find that, while a food waste reduction at the consumer level always improves the environmental outcome, this is not guaranteed when reducing losses from farm to retail. We thus derive a condition linking the price transmission mechanism and the environmental impact of a loss reduction. Simulating environmental outcomes based on a range of parameter values found in the literature, we find that reducing losses at or close to the farm level can increase the aggregate amount of GHG emissions, and therefore focusing on reducing consumer waste is more effective in reducing emissions. As for reducing natural resource use, both loss and waste reductions reduce the amount of land and water use, but effectiveness is reduced by heterogeneity in environmental impact. Relative to loss reductions, effectiveness of a waste reduction is amplified if there are environmentally damaging losses upstream in the value chain, but also dampened by vertical heterogeneity of sourcing along a value chain. The paper makes the case that more targeted instruments may be better suited to address typically local water scarcity and land use and degradation issues
Committee on Agriculture: Steering global action for the four betters
No full text《农业委员会：引领全球行动，实现“四个更好”》手册详尽呈现农委自1971年成立至今的深远影响与卓著成就。本次回顾彰显农委始终擎旗领航，引领全球治理议程实现根本转变，不再单一聚焦初级生产，而是直面粮食安全、营养、农村发展与自然资源管理领域复杂交织的系统性挑战，构筑一体化治理体系。本手册同步展示农委对粮农组织战略走向的长期牵引与深层塑造
