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The articles of this issue of Tattva – Journal of Philosophy discuss several important philosophical problems, which are closely linked to ongoing debates about ethics, technology, and religion.
Abey Koshy’s paper “Deconstructive Turn of Ethics: Subversion of Self-Identity in Derrida and Levinas” argues that French philosopher Emmanuel Levinas gives an ethical turn to deconstructive philosophy, which was introduced by Jacques Derrida and offered an alternative way of reading texts. By applying the praxis of deconstruction to the ethical field Levinas subverts the traditional view of the human being as having a stable self-identity and serving as the unique reference point for its relation to the world, including the other person. The fundamental problem of this idea is that it negates the alterity of the other in a concrete ethical situation, thus reducing him or her to a variant of the self. By showing that the autonomous ‘I’ is a construction that needs to be deconstructed Levinas makes room for an alternative view of ethical responsibility, which guarantees a passage from the reals of the self to the that of otherness.
The second article, “Moore on Scepticism & Certainty”, by Anandasagar analyses George Edward Moore’s proof of the external world and his discussion with Descartes’ famous dream argument. Moore has weakened this argument by showing that it is inconsistent. The author then highlights Moore’s claim that empirical propositions are certain and offers a logical explanation of this claim. The central systematic focus of this paper is the confrontation between scepticism and common sense, and the author argues that Moore succeeds to refute scepticism on the basis of common sense. In Moore’s view, the task of philosophy is confined to analysing the propositions supplied by common sense, which does not include establishing the truth or falsity of these propositions.
The next article by Kopal, entitled “The Art in Artificial: Locating the Artist in Machines”, discusses the impact of artificial intelligence on art production, a question that has gained a lot of traction due to the rapid spread of ChatGPT and other AI systems. The author explores the ways and means by which AI is able to make art and sometimes even fares better in this than human-made art. This is because AI is better at deconceptualisation and dissimilar juxtaposition, resulting in more creative works of art, although the drawback of these characteristics is that AI may produce nonsensical and absurd outcomes. The author concludes that works of art, produced by AI, deserve appraisal and encouragement.
The fourth paper of this issue is written by James Sundar Aaron John Samuel, and is entitled “St. Paul’s discourse and dialogue with King Agrippa and Governor Festus as a model for contemporary inter-religious understanding and communication”. It starts with a detailed textual analysis of Saint Paul’s dialogues with two rulers of different religious backgrounds about the central truth claims of Christian faith (the life, death, and resurrection of Jesus). In these dialogues, Paul uses rhetoric to argue the reasonability of his claims, thereby applying three ingredients for persuasive communication: ethos, referring to his credibility as a speaker, pathos, appealing to the emotion of his dialogue partners, and logos, referring to the content and the logic of his argument. The author argues that Paul’s threefold rhetorical method to discuss the truth of Christian faith offers a model for peaceful inter-religious communication in our times.
The final article is by Kamalpreet Kaur, and is entitled “Indian Ethics: Essence, Theory and Practice”. The author uses the difference between ethics, which is intuitive and comes close to innate and inclusive values, and morals, which is rational and law-bound, to point out the specificity of the ethical tradition in India. The fact that this tradition relies more on folktales than on rational argument and thus is more pragmatic than principled shows its uniqueness. Dharma, which summarizes the Indian ethical tradition, constitutes the ethical laws of the universe, harmonizing moral life in a way similar to how the laws of nature regulate the physical world. This means that this kind of ethics, embedding the idea of universal justice, involves responsibility in its widest sense, responsibility for the whole cosmos, yet not in the form of any external compulsion. Therefore, the author argues, Indian ethics serves as a complement to Western rational morals.
On behalf of the editorial board, I wish you a lot of intellectual pleasure in reading the articles of this issue and hope that they may stimulate your philosophical thinking and discussions about vital questions concerning our relationship with the other, the importance of common sense for our knowledge of the outside world, the impact of new technical developments upon the arts, the relevance of rhetoric for interreligious dialogue, and the contribution of Indian ethical traditions to the development of a global ethics.
Peter Jonkers
Editor-in-chie
Internationalism, Soft power and India’s Vaccine Maitri
Get PDFAbstract- Internationalism as a concept means promoting cooperation and understanding among the nation-states and avoiding conflict. India’s understanding of Internationalism can be dated back to the period when the idea of “Vasudev Katumbukam” was proposed, which means the world is a family. In modern times India, after gaining Independence, has followed the concept of Internationalism and supported not only the formation of international organisations to promote international peace and cooperation but also advocated the policy of Internationalism in its foreign policy. The greatest threat to the idea of Internationalism is from the concept of nationalism because it prevents the modern nation-states from cooperating with each other. In this interconnected world, most of the global problems, such as climate change, terrorism, human trafficking, poverty, health problems etc., cannot be solved by the mere efforts of a single country; instead, the world needs cooperative actions to deal with it. Covid 19 pandemic has challenged the entire world’s health system and brought the world to a standstill; it has affected all nations irrespective of the level of development uniformly. Such a health crisis can only be dealt with the global cooperation. Through its “Vaccine Maitri” programme, India has established itself as the “Pharmacy of the World” and supplied the vaccines and essential medical equipment to impoverished countries, which helped India boost its Soft Power image in “Health diplomacy”. India has also tried to support the equitable vaccination drive through its Vaccine Maitri, whereas Western countries concentrated on “Vaccine Nationalism”. India’s Vaccine diplomacy has also helped promote its foreign policy as it provided vaccines not only to Neighbouring countries but also to African countries and other small Island nations, along with UN peacekeeping forces. This article will highlight India’s effort to deal with the pandemic through its Vaccine Maitri Programme and its soft power projection in health diplomacy.
Keywords- Internationalism, Soft power, Vaccine diplomacy, Vaccine Maitri, Covid-19
Sustainable Marketing: Electric Vehicles' Commitment to a Sustainable Future
Get PDFThe adoption of electric vehicles (EVs) in India is seen as a crucial step towards a sustainable future. As the world moves towards a more sustainable future, EVs have emerged as a promising alternative to traditional gas-powered vehicles. Sustainable marketing emphasizes the importance of social, environmental, and ethical considerations in business practices. Companies that produce and market EVs can use sustainable marketing tactics to showcase their commitment to a sustainable future and appeal to consumers who prioritize responsible choices. This includes promoting the environmental and economic benefits of EVs, using eco-friendly materials in production and packaging, and partnering with organizations that promote sustainable practices and causes. By exploring the intersection of sustainable marketing and EVs, this research paper aims to contribute to a better understanding of how businesses can drive sustainability and promote responsible consumer behaviour. The purpose of this conceptual paper is to identify the sustainability factors that drive countries to promote EVs. To conclude, this paper examined articles published after 2015. The researcher examined various papers to better understand the true sustainability threat posed by EVs.
 
A Study on the Anti-Takeover Defence Strategies Used by the Corporates at the Time of Mergers & Acquisitions
Get PDFMergers and acquisitions (M&A) have become a common strategy for companies looking to grow and expand their operations. However, the potential benefits of M&A can also attract unwanted attention from potential acquirers, which can lead to hostile takeover attempts. To protect themselves from hostile takeovers, companies often implement anti-takeover defense strategies. Anti-takeover defense strategies refer to a range of defensive tactics that target companies can employ to deter or prevent hostile takeovers. These strategies can take various forms, including structural defenses, governance defenses, and financial defenses.
This research paper examines anti-takeover defense strategies in mergers and acquisitions (M&A) using secondary data sources. The paper provides an overview of the various types of anti-takeover defense strategies that are commonly used by companies, including structural, governance, and financial defenses. The paper also analyzes the various anti-takeover defense strategies adopted in protecting shareholder value and limiting competition. The regulatory frameworks governing anti-takeover defense strategies in different jurisdictions are also explored, including the United States, United Kingdom, European Union, and Japan.
The findings of this study indicate that the use of anti-takeover defense strategies can be effective in protecting shareholder value, but may also limit competition and potentially result in lower acquisition premiums. The paper concludes by discussing the implications of these findings for companies involved in M&A transactions, and the need to balance the protection of shareholder interests with the potential benefits of being an attractive target for acquisition.
Overall, this research provides a comprehensive analysis of the complex landscape of anti-takeover defense strategies in M&A transactions, based on secondary data sources. The findings of this study contribute to the understanding of the role of anti-takeover defense strategies in M&A transactions and the considerations that must be taken into account by companies when implementing these strategies
A Study on Effects of Gate Dielectrics in CNT-FET Using Non-Equilibrium Green’s Function Modelling
No full textThis study examined how gate dielectric materials affect drain current and quantum capacitance in wrap-around CNTFET devices. We examined CNTFET dielectric materials using Nanohub's FET toy simulator using NEGF (non-equilibrium Green's function) model. We found that gate-dielectric choice affects the drain current, and larger k values produced higher currents despite the same gate and drain voltages. However, the nano-metric device size limits electrons, causing drain current saturation early. Thus, dielectric and operational bias selection must be optimized. For high-k dielectrics, quantum capacitance dropped quickly after peaking. This can be explained by the fact that nano-sized materials have a lower density of energy states
UV Accelerated Photocatalytic Degradation of Carbaryl Pesticide Using Nano ZnO
No full textNano zinc oxide (ZnO) is a highly promising nano metal oxide that has found application in a wide range of areas, including fire retardancy, wrinkle reduction, and antimicrobial properties, among others. The wet chemical process was employed to synthesise nano zinc oxide, with Zinc nitrate hexahydrate as the precursor. The synthesised nano ZnO powder underwent characterization in order to determine its shape and physical properties and was employed for the purpose of photodegradation of a solution containing the Carbaryl insecticide. The experiment involved the utilisation of a set concentration of 5 ppm Carbaryl pesticide and a catalyst consisting of 5mg/L nano ZnO. The resulting mixture was then subjected to photodegradation through exposure to UV irradiation. The degradation of the pesticide was shown to occur at a rate of 95% within a 60-minute timeframe. The results demonstrate the significant photocatalytic degradation activity exhibited by the nano ZnO particles that were synthesised
Blood Management System Using Blockchain
Get PDFBlood is a crucial constituent within the human body that is irreplaceable for human life, it supplies supplements and oxygen to all the cells, due to this fundamental part, the requirement for a decentralized blood bank has been introduced in this paper. Manual frameworks as compared to computerized frameworks are time-consuming, exorbitant, and may regularly contain human errors. Moreover, they are helpless to the single point of disappointment issue due to centralization and may lack privacy and security features. This research paper explores the usage of a blood management system based on blockchain technology. The current blood management systems confront challenges such as donor-recipient anonymity, traceability, and straightforwardness. These issues can be tended to by utilizing blockchain, which gives a decentralized and secure database for data administration. The suggested system makes use of blockchain to handle and preserve data from blood banks, such as donor details, blood type, and availability.
Deep Convolutional Neural Network with Image Processing Techniques and Resnet252v2 for Detection of Covid19 from X-Ray Images
Get PDFThe 2019 coronavirus disease, also known as SARS-CoV-2, has emerged as a highly contagious viral infection with a significant global impact. It has rapidly spread across various regions, resulting in a substantial number of individuals being affected by this disease. Research findings indicate that the rapid and widespread transmission of the disease has posed significant challenges for healthcare professionals in promptly diagnosing the condition and implementing effective measures to contain its propagation. The automation of the diagnostic procedure has emerged as a critical necessity. According to research findings, the implementation of this particular measure has been shown to significantly enhance work efficiency while simultaneously safeguarding healthcare workers from potential exposure to harmful viruses. Medical image analysis is a rapidly growing area of research that offers a promising solution to address this problem with greater precision. This research paper introduces a novel approach for predicting SARS-CoV-2 infection using chest radiography images..
Book Review "The Tacit Dimension" by Michael Polayni
Get PDFThe book The Tacit Dimension by the author Michael Polanyi speaks about the different dimensions of Knowledge of the world in a philosophical context. The author deals with the many facets of Knowledge, knowing its emergence and how society explored it in the three chapters. He tried to enumerate the above things. The book is for insightful reading to an ordinary man who understands how Knowledge works and how different associations of Knowledge are in our society with academic, societal, intellectual, and personal endeavors. The book shifts the reader's attention from intimate Knowledge to a philosophical knowledge perspective. The author finds Knowledge is of different dimensions where it is subjected to every individual's upbringing, perception, sensations, and the way s/he interacts with intrinsic and extrinsic motivations. Various paradoxes we frequently encounter in the world are subjected to how things exist, how things appear, and how we perceive them with our informatio
Indigenous Sports of India: Connecting Past to the Present
Get PDFHistorically, sports was merely seen as a recreational or leisure activity (Mandell, 1984). However, in recent centuries sports became a global, social and an economic activity (Mylik, 2014). Since the beginning of the twentieth century, sports industry has been growing at a fast pace (Forster & Pope, 2004). Today, sports is recognised as a soft power as it’s a global medium to improve diplomatic relations and to promote peace and prosperity (Beutler, 2008). Many indigenous and traditional sports are mentioned in several historic scriptures of India. Several local games have been practiced over centuries in India (Haque & Ghosh, 2014). Traditional and indigenous sports have served the purpose of channelizing youth's energy into constructive areas. Indigenous sports create a strong sense of belonging among the youth that can improve the well-being of tribal and backward communities (Rossi, 2015). It’s in this context that this study examines the scope of indigenous sports industry in India. It’s a remarkable achievement that many of India's indigenous sports have stood the test of time and continue to attract the youth even today. The development of such sports not only benefits the youth who participate in them, but also the Indian economy. Creation and utilization of sports infrastructure, employment generation and hosting sports events have positive economic impact on the long-term development of India. Hence, this study analysis in-depth about the various indigenous sports and their spread in India. It bridges the gap of lack of literature on indigenous sports in India