Christ University Bengaluru: Open Journal Systems
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Descartes and the Question of God's Existence
Get PDFWhen Antoine Arnauld in his Fourth Set of Objections to Descartes’ Meditations expressed the difficulty of accepting the certainty that God exists only because we clearly and distinctly perceive this, with the claim that, what we clearly and distinctly perceive is true only because God exists; he sets the structural problem of Cartesian epistemology, which is also popularly known as the Cartesian Circle. Descartes replied by drawing attention to the difference between clear and distinct perceptions to which one is actually attending and clear and distinct perceptions that one merely remembers having considered in the past. He claims that whereas the former sort of perception is beyond doubt, the latter cannot be trusted until it is established that a non-deceptive God exists. The controversy surrounding the Cartesian Circle has been reduced to the debates concerning the questions of whether Descartes was interested mainly in providing a psychologically stable system of beliefs, or if he wanted to establish that these beliefs correspond to reality. Hence, the underlying question concerning the Cartesian Circle, is whether Descartes is intended to provide a deep challenge to the reliability of human cognition, or he merely wanted to use the skeptical process to direct the reader to clear and distinct perception and then on to the first principles of metaphysics. Whereas there is evidence on both sides of the argument, the present essay will focus specifically on the metaphysics of God
Queer Politics in Hindu Mythology: Locating Misrepresentation of Gender Fluidity in Amar Chitra Katha’s "Krishna" and other Titles
Get PDFIn India, the Vedas and other Hindu mythologies mention of third-gendered gods and even some that manifest all the three genders, along with mentions of gods that cross-dress, without any gender transition. One such multi-faceted character in Hindu mythology is the character of Krishna. While commentaries on Krishna by brahmin scholars portray him as a masculine warrior, the non-brahmin commentaries such as Shrimad Bhagavatam, see Krishna in feminine terms. Krishna in such commentaries is seen as a cross-dressing, gender fluid being who is immensely comfortable in both his masculine and feminine identities, and adheres to both and none simultaneously. However, most retellings and adaptations of Krishna’s lore depict him as alluding to the former masculinist identity, thus completely subduing and ignoring the queer aspects of his character. Such focused partial exposure, unfortunately, begins at a very young age through the works of children’s literature. One such very influential franchise in India is the Amar Chitra Katha. In this paper, I would attempt to analyze the titles of Krishna- Retold from the Bhagawat Puran and Bhagawat- The Krishna Avatar thoroughly and explore how every aspect of it is changed or omitted in order to provide a heteronormative and heterosexual narrative.
 
Referring to Moral Terms:: A Defense of Moral Naturalism
Get PDFThe project of realist moral naturalism is desirable for many philosophers. Proponents of realist moral naturalism believe that ordinary commonsense assumptions about moral claims are cognitively truth-apt. Realist moral naturalism, in this context, is shown to have developed through the works of Moore, Kripke, Putnam, Boyd, Horgans, and Timmons. Some raised objections and some sought solutions to justify the theory. In this paper, the author argues that the current formulation of Horgan and Timmons’s argument cannot rule out the application of causal semantic theory to moral terms. In addition, the author illustrates that Boyd’s project works well, and the causal semantic theory is applicable to moral terms
Exploring the Impact of Psychological Well-being on Organizational Commitment and Job Satisfaction in the IT Workplace
Get PDFThe present study investigates the complex interconnections between psychological well- being, organisational commitment, and job satisfaction within the specific domain of Information Technology (IT) personnel. The Information Technology sector is renowned for its dynamic and high-pressure work settings, underscoring the significance of comprehending the interconnectedness between the well-being of its personnel, their organisational commitment, and job happiness. The research study utilised a quantitative research methodology, wherein data was gathered from a heterogeneous sample of 475 information technology workers engaged in different organisations across multiple geographical locations. The study employed a set of proven tools to assess psychological well-being (developed by Indira J Prakash, Sudha Bhogle), organisational commitment, and job satisfaction with good psychometric properties. The results of our study demonstrate a significant and positive correlation between psychological well-being and job satisfaction. There is a positive correlation between employees who report better levels of psychological well-being and their overall job satisfaction. This implies that businesses within the IT sector ought to prioritise the implementation of techniques that cultivate the mental and emotional well-being of their employees in order to augment both job satisfaction and productivity. Moreover, the findings of the study indicate that organisational commitment serves as a mediator in the association between psychological well-being and job satisfaction. Employees in the field of information technology who exhibit a greater level of dedication and loyalty towards their organisation are more inclined to express higher levels of job satisfaction. Therefore, fostering a sense of loyalty and connection among employees might potentially yield favourable outcomes in terms of their overall job happiness, which can be influenced by their psychological well-being
Recovering Memory, Choosing Forgetting Reading My Family, Partition and Me: India 1947- A Documentary
Get PDFIn this article, we, the authors, wish to explore questions of memory and history through and in an analytical reading of partition narratives and a documentary titled My Family, Partition and Me: India 1947 (2017). Our analysis intends to explore the distinction between memory and history and map its implications for story-telling using ideas from memory studies, partition narratives, and documentary film production. For argument, we intend to engage the cultural and personal choice between memory and forgetting and its implications for reconciliation, restoration, and justice. In conclusion, the authors wish to comment on the underlying purposes and function of memory recovery and the form of documentary storytelling
Novel Approach For Personal Identification Using Dorsal Knuckle Crease Patterns: A Pilot Study
No full textDespite the availability of various identification methods, such as fingerprints, ridge density, palm prints, and vein patterns, forensic identification remains a complex challenge. While substantial research has been conducted on the palmar surface of the hand, there has been limited focus on the dorsal surface for identification purposes. The dorsal surface, like fingerprints, contains minutiae and skin crease patterns believed to be permanent. The crease patterns present on the dorsal side of the proximal interphalangeal joints are known as knuckle crease patterns.
This research aimed to classify and examine the characteristics of dorsal finger knuckle crease patterns and to explore their potential for determining sex. A total of 800 finger image samples were collected from 80 subjects. The knuckle crease patterns were categorised into six distinct types: Horizontal, Vertical, Oblique, Semi-lunar, Mixed, and Cross patterns. Additionally, the study investigated sex determination based on the distance between creases, revealing that males tend to have a greater average distance between ridges than females. This difference was statistically confirmed using a t-test with a 95% confidence level.
The findings indicate that finger knuckle crease patterns are unique, individual, and classifiable, making them a valuable tool for identification and potentially aiding forensic investigations
(De)constructing Dasein in Cyberspace: On “Essence” of a Digital Being from Lacanian Understanding
No full textHuman beings are ontological designers. We build the tools, and then the tools reshape our identities. The ontological status in an electronically mediated world always implies a referential whole, a “totality” that endows “language”, “events,” and “actions” with meaning and significance. The ontological discourse is all about the chain of signifiers; surprisingly, the events of appropriation by which the being is (un)folded depend on a synchronic axis. The twist is that the axis can only be visible on a diachronic background. Questions of the existence of a digital being are always associated with the notions of time and space. Being-in is different than being in as it is located in the “now.” The spatiality of “now” in cyberspace is essential as this “now” talks about the forms of time—past, present and future of Dasein via the unconscious. Each post we share, and each comment we put on cyberspace opens the possibilities for new ways of thinking—a thinking pattern involves the other avatars through the interplay of who they are and what they experience in “the desert of the real” (Zizek, 2001, p. 13). Thus, the function of the “in-between” becomes différance, and in this act of deferral emerges the prospect of “poíēsis.” Bernard Stiegler, in his book Techniques and Time: The Fault of Epimetheus (1998, p.140), describes that the epiphylogenesis of man “[b]estows its identity upon the human individual: the accents of his speech, the style of his approach, the force of his gesture, the unity of his world.” Identity is like a (un)concealed truth, a whole of potentialities yet to be discovered but never arrive at the ending. Language is a special equipment to understand the notions of identity, especially in the Heideggerian world, where “essence” precedes “existence”. That is why we refer to beings in their connection to other beings. To know why and how they connect to other beings and even to the digital “spectre” (in Derridean understanding), we must revisit the Lacanian understanding of lack and Freud’s tripartite structure of the human psyche. The subject splits in the course of its striving to fulfil the lack forged by the desire of others. Therefore, the signifying chain is an automata—a lifeless network of signified jouissance in the virtual world. Lacan’s Seminar XI is primarily taken up for its potential to radically suspend Heideggerian questions of the primary meaning of Being. Therefore, this paper shall explore the genealogy of the “essence” of a digital being taking up multiple roles in a true post-human world by highlighting the newly emerged socio-cultural avenues cohabited with artificial intelligence and human beings—a world where the matrix disguises itself in its simulation.
Keywords: Dasein, Unconscious, Simulacra, Cyberspace, Laca
Exploring the Transition to the Fourth Industrial Revolution: Implications on South African Education
No full textThis qualitative paper examines the transition from 21st century to the Fourth Industrial Revolution (4IR). It is a literature review of articles relating to 4IR and education in the past three years. Reading and re-reading of these articles informed the researcher to form themes that will be analysed based on South African education and the implication the era has on education. The paper was structured in such a way that it enhanced flow and readability. Then, the common core elements and themes were identified: 4IR leads to increased job creation; prepares students for future employment; it endorses use of learner-centred teaching; it builds peer-to-peer and student-to teacher interactions-peer. However, students do not have devices for communication; there is lack of technical understanding among teachers and lastly that students will misuse these devices and software for the other purposes other than learning. This era have the following implications on South African education: disruptions of jobs; cause income inequalities; policy-makers will have to design curricula that match employment demands; it will increase education expenditure and enrolment levels and lastly. Lecturers and teachers will need to be empowered with knowledge and competencies for relevance
Unravelling the Influence of Absenteeism on Business Operations in the South African Public Organisation
Get PDFHigh absenteeism rates are a common phenomenon in many South African organisations which organisations are struggling to deal with. As a result, absenteeism continues to cost South African organisations and the government huge amounts of money every year despite numerous attempts by employers to reduce it. South African organisations lose about R25 billion (US1,3 billion) every year due to unplanned absenteeism. The study investigates the causes and effects of absenteeism business operations at a selected public organisation in South Africa. A descriptive research design and quantitative research approach were used in this study. The findings of this study revealed that absenteeism is caused by poor supervision at work, financial challenges, marital challenges, substance abuse, childcare problems and stress. The results of the study also indicated that absenteeism negatively affects individual work output, co-workers, group work, families, society, work productivity, labour cost and morale. The management should utilise more resources to address the causes and effects of absenteeism at the workplace