Internal Medicine and Medical Investigation Journal (IMMINV)
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Heat Shock Proteins 27 and 60 Serum Levels in Patients with Gastrointestinal Cancer and Acute Myocardial Infarction in Birjand, Iran
Full text linkIntroduction: Cancer and myocardial infarction are lethal diseases. Their prevalence is increasing worldwide. In both diseases, the level of oxidative stress rises because of tissue damage. The aim of this study was to evaluate the serum levels of heat shock protein 27 and heat shock protein 60 in patients with cancer and myocardial infarction, and then compare them with healthy individuals.Materials and Methods: After blood samples were collected from the participants, plasma and serum were separated from these samples for further examination. The serum levels of heat shock protein 27 and heat shock protein 60 were measured with related kits in 30 patients with cancer and 30 patients with acute myocardial infarction, followed by 30 healthy individuals. The collected data were then analyzed in the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences software (version 22).Results: The mean serum levels of heat shock protein 27 in cancer patients (25.21 ± 5.57 ng/mL) and in patients with myocardial infarction (45.23 ± 7.43) were significantly higher than those in healthy individuals (10.61 ± 3.11; P<.05). In addition, the mean serum levels of heat shock protein 60 in patients with cancer (19.23 ± 3.41 ng/mL) and patients with myocardial infarction (22.23 ± 2.25 ng/mL) were significantly higher than those in healthy individuals (8.38 ± 2.53; P<.05).Conclusion: An increase in the serum levels of heat shock proteins 27 and 60 was observed in patients with cancer and myocardial infarction. Therefore, we can suggest that these biomarkers should help surgeons or physicians to diagnose the diseases
Cholecystitis in Situs Inversus with Dextrocardia
Full text linkBackground: Surgical problem known as Acute Cholecystitis is very common nowadays; however it may cause trouble in diagnosing when person has situs inversus, (i.e.) viscera situated on the opposite side of the body. Our case report discusses the history and physical exam findings, images of radiograph, diagnosis, and how we dealt with cholecystitis in situs inversus with dextrocardia.Case Presentation: An eighty-six yrs. old male having pain in the upper left hypochondrium region, presented in emergency department. He was later diagnosed to have acute cholecystitis (inflammation of the gallbladder) with cholelithiasis (presence of gallstones in gallbladder) in situs inversus totalis. Patient underwent elective open cholecystectomy within 24 h. Patient recovered well and was discharged on fourth postoperative day.Conclusion: Acute cholecystitis in Situs Inversus with Dextrocardia is very rare congenital anomaly and requires great expertise in the field of surgery to operate on these patients because of the reverse anatomy of the organs
Antiepileptic Drugs in Patients With Aggression and Epilepsy
Full text linkIn the United States, the prevalence and incidence of epilepsy are about 5 to 8.4 per 1000 and 35.5 to 71 per 100,000 persons per year, respectively. Epilepsy management is a personalized and multifactorial medical approach; it is based on the type of epilepsy syndrome, severity and frequency of epileptic seizures, antiepileptic drug’s (AED) side effects, drug-drug interactions, disease-related psychosocial problems, and the overall lifestyle of the patient. Aggressive behavior is a major side effect of many AEDs. It deteriorates patients’ health. In this study, we reviewed different mechanisms of aggression in patients with or without epilepsy, and eventually, we introduced medications that potentially managed both
Assessment of Health-Related Problems in Dizaj-e Siavosh Community of Urmia, Iran, Based on the North Carolina Model
Full text linkIntroduction: To determine the health-related strengths, resources, and needs of a given community, it is necessary to obtain complete and correct information about its healthcare system and the people’s health problems. In this study, we identified and prioritized the health-related problems of the highly disadvantaged Dizaj-e Siavosh community of Urmia, Iran.Materials and Methods: This study was based on the so-called North Carolina Model. In this eight-step model, a community’s health-related problems are identified in the first seven stages. In the eighth stage, an operational plan is developed with the goal of addressing, prioritizing, and solving the identified problems.Results: In this study, 10 different problems were identified, including improper removal of sewage and garbage; involuntary marriage of girls, especially at an early age; the large number of poor households; the lack of continuing education for girls after elementary school; keeping pets without observing principles of health; lack of respect for a 3-year child-bearing interval; a generally poor socioeconomic situation; unemployment; widespread substance abuse; and low level of education for men. These problems were prioritized respectively.Conclusion: Most problems identified in this study were associated with people’s lack of knowledge about health-related issues, which is rooted in low social, cultural, and economic status
Sarcopenia and Sarcopenic Obesity in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Patients with Different Levels of Severity
Full text linkBackground: Sarcopenia is defined as loss of muscle mass with attendant loss of muscle strength and physical function and is associated with advancing age. Inflammatory condition of chronic disease leads to more rapid progression of this syndrome, which may adversely affect quality of life. The aim of this study was to determine the relationship between chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and sarcopenia.Methods: This study included 108 COPD patients who were treated in the pulmonary clinic at Masih Daneshvari Hospital. Patients were categorized into three groups based on Global Initiative for Obstructive Lung Disease criteria. Sarcopenic parameters including muscle mass, muscle strength, and physical performance were measured by Bioimpedance Analysis, hand grip dynamometer, and the Short Physical Performance Battery test, respectively. According to the European Working Group on Sarcopenia in Older People cutoff points and the definition of sarcopenic obesity, sarcopenic patients were diagnosed and categorized based on different COPD severity scores.Results: The relationship between sarcopenia and COPD grading, which was assessed using multiple regression models with adjustment of confounding factors, including age, chronic diseases, and smoking, was statistically insignificant. However, by using forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1) or ratio of FEV1 to forced vital capacity in this model, the results were significant (P = 0.026). A positive linear correlation was observed between skeletal muscle index (SMI) and spirometric data, which was assessed by Spearman’s correlation test. By exploring the association between sarcopenia and obesity with the one-way analysis of variance test, sarcopenic patients represented to have the minimal spirometric measures. However, this difference was only significant for actual measurements.Conclusion: This study showed that sarcopenic COPD patients had smaller spirometric measurements and that sarcopenia and magnitude of SMI were positively correlated with obstruction severity
Evaluation of the Survival of HER2-Positive Breast Cancer Patients Receiving Herceptin Compared With Those Who Did Not Receive It
Full text linkIntroduction: Breast cancer is the most common type of cancer that affects women. Human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) is a gene that plays a significant role in the development of breast cancer. The aim of this study was to compare the survival of HER2-positive breast cancer patients who received Herceptin with those who did not receive it in Yazd, Iran.Materials and Methods: Our study was an analytical cross-sectional study. Sampling was done on all patients with HER2-positive invasive ductal carcinoma (HER2 positive) who were referred to Shahid Sadoughi Hospital or Shahid Ramezanzadeh Hospital from 2003 to 2014. The data were collected using a questionnaire, which included questions on age, type of tumor, tumor grade, recurrence history, tumor size, number of lymph nodes, and whethr Hercepin was received or not received. Data were then entered into SPSS version 18 and analyzed by statistical tests.Results: The mean age of the patients was 50.78 ± 10.75 years. The mean survival time was 61.61 ± 2.93 months, and the mean recurrence time was 104.104 ± 41.3 months. The results also showed that there was no statistically significant difference between the 2 groups, despite the higher mean survival time and less recurrence time in patients receiving Herceptin compared with those who did not receive Herceptin (P>.05).Conclusions: According to the results of this study, the efficacy of Herceptin as a neoadjuvant treatment in the survival of HER2-positive breast cancer patients has not been established
The prevalence of Jaw and temporomandibular disorders and its relationship with malocclusions in children
Full text linkIn recent years the number of patients with temporomandibular disorders (TMDs) is on the rise, given this, this paper aimed to investigate the prevalence of jaw and TMDs and its relationship with malocclusions in children. This study was conducted as a review article. The study was a descriptive – library type in which by referring to all the resources and literature of the existing studies, their results have been summed up. The TMDs is referred to clinical problems that involve masticatory muscles, temporomandibular joints or both of them. Its prevalence is 12 to 20%, and including subclinical symptoms, it reaches to 65 %. The common age is reported to be between 20 and 40 years, and its prevalence is higher in women. The most common symptoms are masticatory muscle pain, and the most common cause of it is premature contacts. Its treatment includes two phases; the first phase includes reducing anxiety, medication, and physiotherapy. The second phase involves orthodontic treatment
Leber Hereditary Optic Neuropathy Plus: A Case Report and Review of Literatures
Full text linkBackground: Leber hereditary optic neuropathy (LHON) is an inherited visual loss and optic atrophy due to mitochondrial mutation. Most of these patients had not any other neurological signs and symptoms more than a visual loss. In a small group of the patients, other neurological manifestations may be occurs. This rare presentation of the disease was named " LHON plus syndromes ."Case presentation: A 15-year-old boy who was completely healthy until age 9, when he gradually developed painless visual loss in his right eye. After 3 months, similar symptoms occurred in his left eye. Within next 2 years, psychomotor regression happened, and at age 11, very intractable seizures were started. According to physical examination and past medical history, LHON plus syndrome was diagnosed for him. Management of seizure and other symptomatic treatments were started, and there was a weak response to drugs.Conclusion: Early diagnosis and ruling out treatable conditions are critical points in these patients.
Cerebral Oximetry: Is It A New Method For Detection of Tissue Perfusion After Transplantation?
Full text linkThis short letter to editor discuss about cerebral oximetery and its impact on tissue perfusion after transplantation
Study of Social Capital Status in Patients With Primary Headache Compared to Control Group
Full text linkBackground: Social capital, in general, is mutual relationships, interactions, and networks that emerge among human grouping and is the level of trust formed in the specific group as commitment and social norm. This issue is associated with many mental and physical disorders in the community. The objective of this study was to evaluate the level of social capital in some people with a primary headache in comparison with control group.Methods: This case-control study was performed on 60 patients with a primary headache who referred to one of neurology clinics in Yazd city, Iran, as the case group and 60 subjects without primary headache as the control group that had some similarities with case group in demographic features. Data was collected via social capital questionnaire containing demographic information.Results: The mean score of social capital in the case group was 193.5±30.82 while the mean score of social capital in the control group was 214.1±34.22 (P=0.001) that indicate a significant correlation between social capital level and catching primary headache.Conclusion: Further studies are needed on the effect of social capital on the level of response to treatment in patients with primary headache. It is also suggested to be conducted interventions regarding the impact of social capital on headaches and broader studies with larger scale (urban population) in this regard