Aktuální otázky sociální politiky - teorie a praxe (E-Journal)
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RAILWAY CROSSINGS AS A CRITICAL POINT S OF CONFLICT SITUATIONS
No full textV České republice je poměrně hustá silniční i železniční síť. Na mnohých místech proto dochází ke křížení těchto dopravních cest. Úrovňové křížení železniční dráhy s pozemními komunikacemi – železniční přejezdy – s sebou nesou možnost vzniku konfliktních situací, které předcházejí dopravním nehodám. Dopravní nehody jsou jedním z ukazatelů bezpečnosti silniční a železniční dopravy. V článku jsou zpracovány vybrané statistické údaje týkající se systému silniční a železniční dopravy, železničních přejezdů a dopravních nehod na nich.In the Czech Republic is relatively dense road and rail network. In many places, therefore, leads to a crossing of these transport routes. Level crossing of rail track with roads (level crossing) carry with them the possibility of emergence of conflict situations, which prevent traffic accidents. Traffic accidents are one of the indicators of the safety of road and rail transport. In the article are processed by the selected statistical data relating to the system of road and rail transport, railway crossings and traffic accidents on them
Hermann Jakob Czernin von Chudenitz’ Diplomatic Mission in Warsaw in 1695. A Contribution towards the Travel Arrangements of Imperial Diplomats
No full textThis paper examines the previously unknown diplomatic mission of Hermann Jakob Count Czernin von Chudenitz in Warsaw in 1695. Neither Polish nor Czech nor Austrian historians paid any attention to it. Based on this, however, it is possible to demonstrate perfectly how tense the relations between Emperor Leopold I and the Polish King John III Sobieski, who, at the end of their lives, were officially allies in the Holy League. The author first briefly introduces this mission and then, using it as an example, attempts to show how the travels of the imperial ambassadors of that time were organised and also unveils other additional aspects of the diplomatic service. Above all he reconstructed the court of Count Czernin, who was surrounded by over 80 people, and also located the place of his accommodation in Warsaw and showed which apartment the Count possessed as an ambassador. Finally, he examined the question of the financial costs of this stay, and documented the fact that the ambassador had to pay many expenses from his own pocket, and that this mission had cost him cca. 50,000 guldens.This paper examines the previously unknown diplomatic mission of Hermann Jakob Count Czernin von Chudenitz in Warsaw in 1695. Neither Polish nor Czech nor Austrian historians paid any attention to it. Based on this, however, it is possible to demonstrate perfectly how tense the relations between Emperor Leopold I and the Polish King John III Sobieski, who, at the end of their lives, were officially allies in the Holy League. The author first briefly introduces this mission and then, using it as an example, attempts to show how the travels of the imperial ambassadors of that time were organised and also unveils other additional aspects of the diplomatic service. Above all he reconstructed the court of Count Czernin, who was surrounded by over 80 people, and also located the place of his accommodation in Warsaw and showed which apartment the Count possessed as an ambassador. Finally, he examined the question of the financial costs of this stay, and documented the fact that the ambassador had to pay many expenses from his own pocket, and that this mission had cost him cca. 50,000 guldens
ASSISTED PARKING SYSTEMS - APS
No full textZ pohledu Systému asistovaného parkování, vzhledem k povaze řidičského úkonu, a zejména vzhledem k nízkým rychlostem, je smyslem uvedeného systému zejména zvýšení komfortu pro řidiče. Dopady na bezpečnost jsou spíš sekundární, zejména z pohledu snížení stresu a zvýšení celkového klidu a pohody řidiče, co může mít za následek i celkové více harmonické, klidné a bezpečné řízení. Empirických dat, který by podložily tento předpoklad, je poměrně málo. Dostupné data však naznačují (např. Reimer, Mehler, & Coughlin, 2010) (1), že systém asistovaného parkování významně snižuje stress při řízení (jak v momentu parkovacího manévru, tak před, případně po manévru), a to jak fyziologicky (měřeno srdeční frekvencí), tak prožitkově (měřeno sebeposuzovací škálou). Tyto zjištění jsou konzistentní napříč věkovými skupinami, řidičskými zkušenostmi nebo pohlavím. Bylo pozorováno, že řidiči byli více nakloněni dávat přednost ostatním vozidlům při testovacích jízdách, kdy byl asistent parkování zapnutý (tamtéž). Uvedené zjištění můžou naznačovat nepřímý pozitivní dopad na bezpečné řízení a dopravní bezpečnost obecně.Given the nature of the driving manoeuvre, particularly with regard to the low speed it involves, the assisted parking system is mainly intended to increase drivers´ comfort. The effects on safety are rather secondary: reducing stress and increasing the general level of the driver’s ease and convenience, it may generally result in more harmonious, calm, and safe driving. The empirical data supporting this assumption is rather limited. However, the available evidence (e.g. Reimer, Mehler, & Coughlin, 2010) (1) suggests that the assisted parking system is highly effective in reducing stress while driving (at the moment of the parking manoeuvre and before and after it), both in physiological (measured by heart rate) and experiential terms (measured by a self-assessment scale). These findings are consistent across age groups, degrees of driving experience, and genders. Observations showed that drivers were more likely to yield to other cars during test drives when the assisted parking system had been activated (ibid.). The findings may indicate an indirect positive effect on safe driving and traffic safety in general
DETERMINATION OF TIME RISK ASSOCIATED WITH TRANSPORTATION OF DANGEROUS GOODS IN THE CZECH REPUBLIC
No full textThe paper is focused on hazardous materials transportation by road and investigates risk factors influencing risk associated with such transportation. Statistical data on dangerous goods transportation in the Czech Republic are used in order to compute transportation patterns and identify time distribution of accidents. Numerical approach to determine a risk of time in hazmat transportation is presented. Measures reducing risk of hazardous material transportation are proposed in this paper
DETECTING ANOMALOUS SENSOR DATA IN WAYSIDE DIAGNOSTICS USING ENHANCED LBP-KURTOGRAMS
No full textThis paper examines three different methods in comparison for discovering abnormal sensor data retrieved by acoustic and mono-axial accelerometer sensors that are employed in the environment of different train sets and passes to achieve a cost friendly wayside diagnosis in Prague metros. Proposed methodology, Local Binary Patterns (LBP) on resized Kurtogram images is superior to compared methods up to 75.8% Fisher Linear Discriminant Analysis (FLDA) for anomaly detection in the sensor data. Results may count to be promising even if combined acoustic and vibration sensor data related Kurtograms are used for individual train sets. Proposed method is considered to be the first step in order to achieve an efficient diagnosis framework in wayside vehicle diagnosis
PROPOSAL FOR DEFINITION OF REPLACEMENT FOR THE REMOVAL OF ROLLING VEHICLES ON THE ŽSR NETWORK
No full textPríspevok stručne prezentuje analýzu definícií platieb pre prístup k železničnej infraštruktúre v Slovenskej republike a vo vybraných krajinách EÚ a následne navrhuje definície platieb pre dlhodobé obsadenie koľají železničnými vozidlami na sieti ŽSR.The contribution briefly presents analysis of payment definitions for the access to the railway infrastructure in Slovak Republic and in chosen countries of EU and consequently it suggests payment definitions for long-term track occupation by railway vehicles on ŽSR network.
RELIABILITY AND ECONOMY OF NAVIGATION ERGATIC SYSTEMS
No full textProcesné spojenie informačného systému lietadla a človeka (operátor-pilota) sa realizuje prenosom zadanej alebo novo vzniknutej udalosti so známymi súradnicami (x0, t0) do požadovanej pozície s0, so súradnicami (x,y,z) v čase t≥t0 s vopred známou presnosťou a bezpečnosťou. Výrobcovia leteckej techniky venujú značnú pozornosť zvyšovaniu bezpečnosti a presnosti, ako aj ekonomickej výhodnosti lietadlových navigačných ergatických systémov. Do pojmu bezpečnosť zahrňujeme aj pojem spoľahlivosť- miera bezporuchovej prevádzky navigačného ergatického systému, kedy je potrebné, aby istila lietadlový palubný systém v stave najvyššej úrovne bezpečnej prevádzky. Pojem spoľahlivosť je definovaný pravdepodobnosťou, ktorou sa hodnotí navigačný ergatický systém. Spoľahlivosť však nerieši problémy, čo sa stane, ak systém zlyhá. V takom prípade vstupuje do procesu ergatickej navigácie človek (operátor-pilot), ktorý spravidla rieši štatisticky vymedzené prípady, určené konvenčnými koeficientmi vzťahu: posádka - objekt (lietadlo). V článku je navrhnutý model nákladovosti využiteľný pri riešení vyššie uvedených vzťahov a zaistenia spoľahlivej činnosti navigačných ergatikých systémov.The process link of the aircraft and the human (pilot-operator) information system is realized by transferring a given or newly created event with known coordinates (x0, t0) to the desired position s0, with coordinates (x, y, z) at time t≥t0 with the previously known accuracy and security. Aviation producers pay considerable attention to increasing safety and accuracy as well as the economic advantage of aircraft navigation ergatic systems. The definition of safety also includes the definition of reliability of the faultless operation of the navigation ergatic system that is necessary to ensure that the aircraft\u27s on-board system is at the highest level of safety operation. The definition of reliability is defined by the probability that has evaluated the navigation ergatic system. The reliability will not solve the problems what will happen if the system fails. In this case, a person (pilot-operator) enters the process of ergatic navigation, which usually solves statistically defined cases, determined by the mentioned relationships and to ensure the reliable operation of navigation ergatic systems.conventional coefficients of relationship: human - object (aircraft). This paper designs the cost model, which is usable for the above
DEFINITION OF SPECIFIC WHEEL AND RAIL PROFILES
No full textPri modelovaní dynamiky jazdy koľajového vozidla je jedným z dôležitých vstupných parametrov geometria profilu jazdnej plochy kolesa a koľajnice. Bežne dostupné simulačné programy disponujú databázami obsahujúcimi niektoré normalizované profily, resp. umožňujú profil do databázy doplniť. Komplikácia však nastáva v prípade, keď je v simulačnej analýze nutné použiť špecifický profil. Jeho geometriu je potrebné zadať v požadovanom tvare nutnom pre zabezpečenie kompatibility so štruktúrou vstupov výpočtového softvéru, teda vo forme koordinát bodov, ktorými je možné preložiť krivku a definovať tak požadovaný profil. Simulačné programy však nedisponujú možnosťou efektívneho generovania týchto koordinát. Nakoľko sa jedná o zdĺhavý proces, autorský kolektív vytvoril program umožňujúci definovanie profilov na základe ich bežnej výkresovej dokumentácie.In modeling the dynamics of a rail vehicle ride, one of the important input parameters is the profile geometry of the wheel and rail treads. Commonly available simulation programs have databases containing some standardized profiles, or allow the profile to be added to the database. However, complications arise when a specific profile is required in the simulation analysis. Its geometry must be entered in the required form necessary to ensure compatibility with the structure of the inputs of the computational software, that is, in the form of coordinates of the knot points that can be used to render the curve and thus define the desired profile. Simulation programs, however, do not have the ability to efficiently generate these coordinates. Since this is a lengthy process, the author team has created a program to define profiles based on their common drawing documentation
Philip Sidney’s Poetics in the Context of Ancient and Continental Examples
No full textThe study deals with the main tenets of Philip Sidney’s poetics on the basis of The Defence of Poesy and his poetry (mainly Astrophil and Stella) in the context of Elizabethan considerations of the classical aesthetic concepts (especially that of Aristotle and Horace) and some of the Renaissance continental examples. Sidney’s The Defence of Poesy represents a fundamental step in establishing poetry as the creator of its own world, its so-called second nature, and points out poetry’s ability to create figures and imitate reality; thus the main value of poetry lies in creating clear rhetorical images of moral truth. So Sidney’s poetics plays an important role in establishing English poetry as a device of the national cultural and social autonomy
The Intimate Picture of Queen Victoria and her Household, 1840–1843. Extracts from the Diary of Dr Robert Ferguson, the Queen’s Accoucheur
No full textIt is a critical edition of extracts from a virtually unknown diary of Dr Robert Ferguson, a physician and accoucheur to Queen Victoria. Acquired only in 2009, the diary is housed in the archives of the Royal College of Physicians in London. Its highlights include the details of royal arrangements for the birth of the Princess Royal, record of Ferguson’s interview with the Queen regarding her mental health in 1841, and most intimate character sketches of the Queen, her husband, Prince Albert, their closest advisor Baron Christian Stockmar, or the Queen’s former governess and confidante, Baroness Louise Lehzen.It is a critical edition of extracts from a virtually unknown diary of Dr Robert Ferguson, a physician and accoucheur to Queen Victoria. Acquired only in 2009, the diary is housed in the archives of the Royal College of Physicians in London. Its highlights include the details of royal arrangements for the birth of the Princess Royal, record of Ferguson’s interview with the Queen regarding her mental health in 1841, and most intimate character sketches of the Queen, her husband, Prince Albert, their closest advisor Baron Christian Stockmar, or the Queen’s former governess and confidante, Baroness Louise Lehzen