Aktuální otázky sociální politiky - teorie a praxe (E-Journal)
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On Rewards and Benefits for Noble Clients and Agents. Guillermo Verdugo in the Service of Franz von Dietrichstein
No full textThe aim of the article is to introduce the activities of the Spanish nobleman Guillermo Verdugo in the service of the Bishop of Olomouc and Cardinal Franz von Dietrichstein. Based on the analysis of the correspondence of Guillermo Verdugo deposited in the Moravian Provincial Archive in Brno, this research mainly focuses in the context of current research of the patronage and clientelism on the topic of rewards and benefits that Guillermo Verdugo received for his services.The aim of the article is to introduce the activities of the Spanish nobleman Guillermo Verdugo in the service of the Bishop of Olomouc and Cardinal Franz von Dietrichstein. Based on the analysis of the correspondence of Guillermo Verdugo deposited in the Moravian Provincial Archive in Brno, this research mainly focuses in the context of current research of the patronage and clientelism on the topic of rewards and benefits that Guillermo Verdugo received for his services
COMPARISON OF HOGHORN ANALYSIS METHODS
No full textThe paper compares an aperture method and full-wave numerical simulations of hoghorn, which is used as a simple primary feed for reflector antennas or individually without reflector. The hoghorn consists of a sectoral horn flaring in only one plane and a parabolic cylinder. We briefly explain the calculations of hoghorn dimensions, aperture distributions and radiation patterns. This is suitable for numerical computations. We analyze the completely new simultaneous comparisons of the ample experiments with numerical results of both the aperture method and the numerical simulations. This enables to obtain innovative conclusions. Proposed improvements can diminish slight differences of one polarization between experiments and numerical simulations. We have used the described methods for the design of certain antennas for multilateration systems, such as Tamara and Vera passive radars, for civilian and military air traffic control, which greatly improve the accuracy of tracking aircrafts
PROPOSALS OF PARKING POLICIES RESIDENTIAL CITY AREAS
No full textPříspěvek se zabývá řešením problematiky parkování ve městech. Konkrétně je zaměřen na parkování v obytných městských částech. Zde je velkým problémem nedostatek parkovacích míst a z tohoto důvodu dochází k nevhodnému odstavování vozidel. Příspěvek předkládá konkrétní návrhy na doplnění certifikované Metodiky pro přípravu plánů udržitelné mobility měst České republiky v oblasti dopravy v klidu. Navrhuje konkrétní technologický postup řešení parkování v obytné městské části s využitým systémového přístupu. Stanovuje základní vstupy pro řešení tohoto parkování. Vymezuje možné návrhy změn v parkování. Aplikaci vybraných návrhů změn provedli autoři na sídlišti Dubina v Pardubicích.The paper deals with solution of an issue of parking in cities. Specifically, it is focused on parking in residential city areas. The lack of parking places is a serious problem here and for that reason, cars are parked often in an inappropriate way. The paper presents specific proposals for supplementing of certified Methodology for preparation of sustainable urban mobility plans of cities in the Czech Republic in the field of parking. It proposes specific technological procedure of solution of parking in a residential area by application of a system approach. Basic inputs for solution of this parking are determined. Possible proposals of changes in parking are delimited. Authors at the Dubina housing estate in Pardubice performed application of selected proposals for changes
HODNOTENIE OHROZENOSTI MÄKKÝCH CIEĽOV A JEHO APLIKÁCIA NA OBJEKT ŽELEZNIČNEJ STANICE
No full textŽelezničné stanice je možné označiť za miesta s hromadným výskytom ľudí a neustálou frekvenciou pohybu, ale súčasne s nedostatočnou úrovňou ochrany. V bezpečnostnej komunite sa pre takéto objekty začal používať termín mäkké ciele. V posledných rokoch sa stali častým objektom teroristických útokov. Hrozba útokov na mäkké ciele sa v súčasnosti realizuje hlavne prostredníctvom ich zraniteľnosti resp. slabých miest v systéme. V podmienkach Slovenskej republiky, ale aj v ďalších krajinách sveta, neexistuje všeobecne platná metóda efektívnej ochrany mäkkých cieľov a hodnotením ich ohrozenosti a z toho vyplývajúcich metód a techník pre ich ochranu. Napríklad metodika hodnotenia ohrozenosti mäkkého cieľa, platná v podmienkach Českej republiky, je voľne dostupná pre verejnosť. Na základe princípov a postupov definovaných v uvedenej metodike je možné kvantifikovať mieru ohrozenosti dopravných terminálov, ako sú napríklad železničné stanice. Hlavným cieľom článku je demonštrovať možnosti využitia metodiky hodnotenia ohrozenosti mäkkých cieľov na kvantitatívne vyhodnotenie úrovne ohrozenosti železničnej stanice a takýmto spôsobom pomôcť efektívne zvýšiť úroveň prevádzkovej bezpečnosti železničných staníc a osôb v nich. Railway stations can be described as places with a mass presence of people and a constant frequency of movement, but at the same time with an insufficient level of protection. In the security community, the term soft targets have been used for these objects. In recent years, they have been a frequent object of terrorist attacks. The threat of attacks on soft targets is currently realized mainly through their vulnerability respectively weak points in the complex. In the conditions of the Slovak Republic, but also in other countries of the world, there is no generally valid method of effective protection of soft targets by assessing their threat and the resulting methods and techniques of protection of soft targets. For example, the methodology for evaluating the threat of a soft target, valid in the Czech Republic, is freely available. Based on the principles and procedures defined in the above methodology, it is possible to quantify the degree of risk to transport terminals, such as railway stations. The main goal of the article is to demonstrate the possibilities of using the above methodology for quantitative evaluation of railway station threats and in this way to help effectively increase the level of operational safety of railway stations and persons in them.Železničné stanice je možné označiť za miesta s hromadným výskytom ľudí a neustálou frekvenciou pohybu, ale súčasne s nedostatočnou úrovňou ochrany. V bezpečnostnej komunite sa pre takéto objekty začal používať termín mäkké ciele. V posledných rokoch sa stali častým objektom teroristických útokov. Hrozba útokov na mäkké ciele sa v súčasnosti realizuje hlavne prostredníctvom ich zraniteľnosti resp. slabých miest v systéme. V podmienkach Slovenskej republiky, ale aj v ďalších krajinách sveta, neexistuje všeobecne platná metóda efektívnej ochrany mäkkých cieľov a hodnotením ich ohrozenosti a z toho vyplývajúcich metód a techník pre ich ochranu. Napríklad metodika hodnotenia ohrozenosti mäkkého cieľa, platná v podmienkach Českej republiky, je voľne dostupná pre verejnosť. Na základe princípov a postupov definovaných v uvedenej metodike je možné kvantifikovať mieru ohrozenosti dopravných terminálov, ako sú napríklad železničné stanice. Hlavným cieľom článku je demonštrovať možnosti využitia metodiky hodnotenia ohrozenosti mäkkých cieľov na kvantitatívne vyhodnotenie úrovne ohrozenosti železničnej stanice a takýmto spôsobom pomôcť efektívne zvýšiť úroveň prevádzkovej bezpečnosti železničných staníc a osôb v nich
TYPOVÉ SCHVÁLENIE AUTONÓMNYCH (SAMOJAZDIACICH) VOZIDIEL
No full textThe technologies of vehicle automation are constantly evolving to make vehicles more efficient. The vehicle approval legislation must allow this innovation while ensuring road safety, cyber security etc. Autonomous vehicles are therefore not only a challenge for vehicle manufacturers, but also for the approval authorities themselves, which authorize vehicles for road traffic. An internal market that promotes new technologies and at the same time protects citizens from the new risks posed by self-driving vehicles must be guaranteed. New technologies not foreseen in the current legislation can be approved on the basis of a derogation granted under a national ad hoc safety assessment. In this way, level 3 and 4 autonomous vehicles can currently be approved for road traffic. Level 3 and 4 vehicles are already being tested and are expected to be available.Technológie automatizácie riadenia vozidiel sa neustále vyvíjajú s cieľom efektívnejšieho využívania vozidla. Právne predpisy pre schvaľovanie vozidle musia umožniť túto inováciu a zároveň zabezpečiť bezpečnosť cestnej premávky, kybernetickú bezpečnosť a podobne. Autonómne vozidlá nie sú preto len výzvou pre výrobcov vozidiel, ale aj pre samotné schvaľovacie orgány, ktoré schvaľujú vozidlá na prevádzku v cestnej premávke. Musí byť zaručený vnútorný trh, ktorý podporuje nové technológie a zároveň chráni občanov pred novými rizikami, ktoré predstavujú vozidlá bez vodiča. Nové technológie, ktoré sa nepredpokladajú v súčasných právnych predpisoch sa môžu schváliť na základe výnimky udelenej na základe vnútroštátneho ad hoc posúdenia bezpečnosti. Takýmto spôsobom je možné v súčasnosti schváliť na prevádzku v cestnej premávke autonómne vozidlá úrovne 3 a 4. Práve vozidlá úrovne 3 a 4 sa už testujú a očakáva sa, že budú dostupné
THE EVALUATION OF CARBON IMPURITIES IN MOTOR OILS
No full textObsah karbonového znečištěn v motorovém oleji patří vedle dalších parametrů k základním diagnostickým veličinám, podle které se rozhoduje, zda je třeba provozovaný olej vyměnit. V příspěvku jsou prezentovány výsledky porovnání stanovení obsahu karbonových nečistot v motorovém oleji přístrojem REO-31 dle metodiky používané v Depu kolejových vozidel v České Třebové a dle metodiky laboratoře tribotechnické diagnostiky Dopravní fakulty Jana Pernera, Univerzity Pardubice.The content of carbon impurities in the engine oil is one of the basic diagnostic variables, according to which it is decided whether it is necessary to change the engine oil. The paper presents the results of a comparison of the determination of the content of carbon impurities in motor oil by the REO-31 device according to the methodology used in the rolling stock warehouse in Česká Třebová and according to the methodology of the laboratory of tribotechnical diagnostics of the Faculty of Transport Engineering, University of Pardubice
Searching for a Younger Self: Time, Music and Ageing Masculinities in the Novel A Visit from the Goon Squad by Jennifer Egan
No full textThe idea that literature matters for an understanding of socio-cultural processes and phenomena is confirmed in Jennifer Egan’s inspiring novel A Visit from the Goon Squad. Four decades since the appearance of punk rock music and culture it has become necessary to incorporate issues concerning ageing in the analysis of musical subcultures (Bennet, 2018, Jennings, 2015). The contrasts of past and present, youth and ageing, older and young generations suggest that time is the most important category as an almost invisible, silent, relentless and invincible driving force. This emphasized temporal perspective shows the inevitability and incessancy of changes not only in human lives but also in the ageist world of the music industry
IMPLEMENTATION OF THE KAAT PROJECT - KNOWLEDGE ALLIANCE IN AIR TRANSPORT – THE STORY OF A SUCCESSFUL PROJECT
No full textČlánok sa zoberá problematikou vysokoškolského vzdelávania v nadväznosti na potreby leteckého priemyslu ako odvetvia národného hospodárstva. V súvislosti s narastajúcou potrebou skvalitňovania a zefektívňovania procesu vzdelávania, je potrebné riešiť medzinárodnú spoluprácu pri vzdelávaní odborníkov v leteckej doprave. Odpoveďou na tento problém bolo vytvorenie znalostnej aliancie v rámci projektov ERASMUS+, ktorá analyzuje globálny trh povolaní a kvalifikácií v leteckej doprave. Cieľom projektu bolo špecifikovať zoznam súčasných povolaní, ale aj budúcich povolaní v nadväznosti na analýzu kvalifikácií v odvetví leteckej dopravy. Na základe týchto výstupov projektu bol vytvorený nový študijný program ako aj upravené programy ďalšieho vzdelávania v letectve. Príspevok poukazuje na výstupy a prínosy takejto spolupráce.The paper is focused on the higher education system in relation to the needs of the aviation industry as a branch of the national economy. In connection with the growing need to improve and streamline the education process it is important to develop and create the international cooperation in education of professionals in aviation industry. The response on this problem was the creation of knowledge alliance supported by the ERASMUS+ project, which analysed the global market of occupations and qualifications in the air transport. Based on the results of qualification analyses a list of current occupations was specified, as well as future occupations in the aviation sector. On the project outputs a new study program was created and further lifelong learning programs were modified. The paper points to the outputs and benefits of this cooperation
“Neither Innocent, nor Guilty”: the Scapegoat in the Ironic Short Stories of William Somerset Maugham
No full textThis article aims to examine several short stories of W. Somerset Maugham in terms of ironic victimization. Northrop Frye’s claim that a pharmakos or a scapegoat is a typical ironic victim inspired my idea of dissecting a number of characters in Maugham’s stories as pharmakoi. In the analysis two types of pharmakoi characters were discovered: primary and secondary ones, with each implying a different targeting of irony. Primary pharmakoi are disguised as scapegoat characters, but it is through the contact with them that the real victim of irony is revealed. The stories these characters are featured in are usually more complex, and the irony is built either on a stereotype or an archetype. The stereotype proposes the thematical background on which the irony is built, while the archetype – here a structural model – is based on the readers’ subconscious expectations. In secondary scapegoat stories, irony is targeted at one of the characters or the community they stereotypically represent. Several short stories are analysed in the article: “The Mother,” “The Fall of Edward Barnard,” “The Alien Corn” and “Rain.
The role, image and responsibilities of the midwife in Bohemia (19th and 20th Century)
No full textFollowing article reflects the social role, image and responsibilities of the midwives in Bohemia in the mid nineteenth up to the mid twentieth century, the period during which the position and image of the midwives significantly changed. In terms of time period the article analyses the time span when the professionalization of medicine is evolving to that extent that it begun also affect midwives: on the one hand, they remain personally connected with the female community and stand on the margin of the emerging obstetric science, on the other hand they became increasingly subject to official disciplinary authorities and regular inspections.Following article reflects the social role, image and responsibilities of the midwives in Bohemia in the mid nineteenth up to the mid twentieth century, the period during which the position and image of the midwives significantly changed. In terms of time period the article analyses the time span when the professionalization of medicine is evolving to that extent that it begun also affect midwives: on the one hand, they remain personally connected with the female community and stand on the margin of the emerging obstetric science, on the other hand they became increasingly subject to official disciplinary authorities and regular inspections