Aktuální otázky sociální politiky - teorie a praxe (E-Journal)
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Sir Philip Sidney and the Kingdom of Bohemia: the Correspondence and Friendship of Philip Sidney and Thomas Jordanus von Klausenburg
No full textThis paper sheds further light on Philip Sidney’s intellectual network in East-Central Europe, particularly in the Kingdom of Bohemia. Sidney (1554–1586) is celebrated as one of the greatest poets of the Elizabethan age. His immense contribution to the development of English literary culture is unquestioned. It is perhaps surprising to learn that he never expressed any great desire to pursue a literary career. His aim was to become a statesman, as his early biographies show. His career as a poet started after 1580, when he was forced to spend time in a country away from court and politics. Sidney’s personal experiences played a hugely important and formative role in his work. He had packed in a great deal into his life by a very young age, graduating from the most prestigious institutions in England and travelling in continental Europe. During his “grand tour,” Sidney established a network of correspondence with some of the leading intellectual figures in Central Europe. This paper will investigate an as-yet-unexplored figure in this network, the epidemiologist Thomas Jordanus von Klausenburg (1539–1585). Jordanus was acquainted with several figures in Sidney’s intellectual circle, including Thaddeus Hagecius ab Hayek (the Czech physician and astronomer), Hubert Languet (the French diplomat and Sidney’s principal mentor while he was in Europe), Johannes Crato (chief physician at the Viennese and Prague court), and Andreas Dudith (the Polish-based Hungarian nobleman, famous for his conversion from Catholic bishop to devout Lutheran)
Czech Evangelic Congregations in Eastern and South-Eastern Europe or “They Brought the Bible with Them...”
No full textThis paper deals with Czech evangelic communities in Eastern and South-Eastern Europe, which claimed allegiance to reformed religion. Some of these communities are still active today. The localities under study arose as a result of the migration of the Czech population in the nineteenth century and at the beginning of the twentieth century due to economic and social reasons. Czech settlers helped populate the uninhabited peripheral parts of the Habsburg monarchy, or descendants of Czech exiles outside the monarchy established new settlements to ensure needed subsistence elsewhere at the growing number of inhabitants in original exile villages. The paper aims to describe the background to the migration of the Czech-speaking population and the historical development of Czech-speaking foreign evangelic communities of the reformed religion.This paper deals with Czech evangelic communities in Eastern and South-Eastern Europe, which claimed allegiance to reformed religion. Some of these communities are still active today. The localities under study arose as a result of the migration of the Czech population in the nineteenth century and at the beginning of the twentieth century due to economic and social reasons. Czech settlers helped populate the uninhabited peripheral parts of the Habsburg monarchy, or descendants of Czech exiles outside the monarchy established new settlements to ensure needed subsistence elsewhere at the growing number of inhabitants in original exile villages. The paper aims to describe the background to the migration of the Czech-speaking population and the historical development of Czech-speaking foreign evangelic communities of the reformed religion
ZÁKLADY METODOLÓGIE HODNOTENIA ODOLNOSTI DOPRAVNEJ INFRAŠTRUKTÚRY
No full textAssessment of the resilience of transport infrastructure is an important part of risk assessment and continuous improvement of the safety of the evaluated element. Resilience is the ability of an element to resist, absorb and adapt to the effects of adverse events. There are many approaches to resilience evaluation. As in any field, it is appropriate to develop a uniform resilience evaluation methodology. Such a methodology can unify input and output information and facilitate the assessment of the resilience level itself. Transport and transport infrastructure are complicated technical systems that require a specific approach. The aim of the article is to analyze the currently available methodologies used in the assessment of resilience and to present a proposal for a uniform methodology specific for the evaluation of the resilience of transport infrastructure. Hodnotenie odolnosti dopravnej infraštruktúry je dôležitou súčasťou posudzovania rizík a neustáleho zvyšovania bezpečnosti hodnoteného prvku. Odolnosť je schopnosť prvku odolávať nepriaznivým javom, absorbovať ich a prispôsobiť sa im. Existuje mnoho prístupov k hodnoteniu odolnosti. Tak ako v každej oblasti, tak aj pri hodnotení odolnosti je vhodné vypracovať jednotnú metodiku hodnotenia odolnosti. takáto metodika môže zjednotiť vstupné a výstupné informácie a uľahčiť hodnotenie samotnej úrovne odolnosti. Doprava a dopravná infraštruktúra sú komplikované technické systémy, ktoré si vyžadujú osobitný prístup. Cieľom článku je analyzovať v súčasnosti dostupné metodiky používané pri hodnotení odolnosti a predstaviť návrh jednotnej metodiky špecifickej pre hodnotenie odolnosti dopravnej infraštruktúry
THE USEABLE DRIVETRAINS IN CONTEMPORARY BUS TRANSPORT
No full textČlánek se zaměřuje na nové, k životnímu prostředí šetrné druhy pohonu v oblasti autobusové dopravy. Hlavním cílem je řešit pořizovací náklady a náklady na palivo (elektřinu) během provozu a spočítat též celkem vyprodukované emise oxidu uhličitého (Well-to-Wheel) u různých druhů pohonu/paliva. Pro stanovení optimálního druhu pohonu pro městské sutobusy je použita teorie rozhodování - konkrétně Metoda váženého součtu.This paper focuses on introducing new, environmentally friendly types of drivetrains in the field of bus transport. Main goal is to present approximate costs of purchase and cost of operating (especially fuels or electricity) and connected them with real emissions of carbon dioxide for each different technology of drivetrain, including Well-to-Tank and Tank-to-Wheel emissions. The authors are using the Weighted Sum Approach method to determine currently the most suitable drivetrain for urban busses
Safety Against Derailment – Freight Vehicles Equipped with 2-Axle Bogies – Comparison of the Methods Defined in EN 14363
No full textProkazování bezpečnosti kolejových vozidel proti vykolejení se provádí podle normy EN 14363. V normě jsou definovány tři možné metody. Zkušební laboratoř VÚKV provádí zkoušky bezpečnosti proti vykolejení dle metody 2 a 3. Pro tyto zkoušky jsou ve VÚKV vyvíjeny a zdokonalovány prostředky – měřicí vybavení a zkušební stav. V letech 2015–2018 byl realizován projekt zaměřený na problematiku bezpečnosti proti vykolejení nákladních vozů s cílem vyvinout mobilní zkušební stav druhé generace.Proof of safety of rolling stock against derailment is performed according to the standard EN 14363. There are three possible methods described in the standard. The Test Centre of VÚKV performs the tests according to the methods 2 and 3. For these tests, VÚKV has been continuously improving measuring equipment and a test rig. In the years 2015–2018, a project focused on the safety against derailment of freight cars was realized with the aim to develop and build a test rig of the second generation
Dual and Hybrid Locomotives from CZ LOKO
No full textCZ LOKO, a.s., rozšiřuje své portfolio o hybridní a duální vozidla. Hybridním vozidlem rozumíme vozidlo s primárně bateriovým zdrojem trakční energie se záložním agregátem – například HybridShunter 400 a 1000. Duální vozidlo pak získává energii z trolejového vedení (v závislé trakci) nebo z motorgenerátoru, případně trakční baterie (nezávislá trakce) – DualShunter 2000 DC a AC.CZ LOKO, a.s. expands its portfolio with hybrid and dual vehicles. By hybrid vehicle we mean a vehicle with a primarily battery source of traction energy with a backup unit – for example HybridShunter 400 and 1000. The dual vehicle then obtains energy from the overhead line (in dependent traction) or from a motor generator or traction battery (independent traction) – DualShunter 2000 DC and AC
Design and Validation Process of Adhesively Bonded Joints of Railway Vehicles
No full textLepení se řadí mezi tzv. speciální procesy, u kterých nelze následnými nedestruktivními zkouškami 100% ověřit kvalitu spoje. Cílem tohoto příspěvku je popsat problematiku lepených spojů kolejových vozidel od návrhu a konstrukce, kde se pojednává o volběvhodného lepicího systému, dimenzování rozměrů lepidla atd., až po možné způsoby validaci lepených spojů včetně výpočtů lepených spojů.Adhesive bonding will be ranked with so called special processes where is impossible to absolutely verify the joint quality by means of the following non-destructive tests. The goal of this entry is to describe the adhesive bonded joints questions from the proposal and design, where the suitable adhesive bonding system will be discussed, the adhesive proportions dimensioning etc. to the possible adhesive bonding validation methods including bonded joints calculation analysis
Academic Licence of Software Tools Created for Education in the Field of Railway Vehicles at the University of Pardubice
No full textPříspěvek představuje dva konkrétní softwarové nástroje, které byly vytvořeny na Dopravní fakultě Jana Pernera Univerzity Pardubice jako akademické licence pro využití zejména ve výuce v oblasti kolejových vozidel. Prvním nástrojem je software „SJKV-V4N v. 1.0“, který vznikl v roce 2018 v rámci řešení projektu TA ČR „Centrum kompetence drážních vozidel“. Jedná se o jednu z mnoha verzí programového systému SJKV (Simulace jízdy kolejového vozidla), která byla doplněna o uživatelské rozhraní a která je nyní dostupná pro nekomerční využití i studentům. Jde o program pro multi-body simulace jízdy kolejového vozidla, přičemž je v dané verzi možné simulovat jízdu několika předdefinovaných koncepcí čtyřnápravových vozidel za určitých podmínek. Druhým nástrojem je software „RailCalc 2.0“, což je upravená verze programu, který byl vytvořen na DFJP v rámci řešení bakalářské práce v roce 2020. Jde o program pro realizaci trakčních výpočtů, který umožňuje provádět výpočty jízdních dob a spotřeby trakční energie zadaných vlakových souprav v definovaných traťových úsecích.A couple of software tools for use in the educational process in the field of railway vehicles are presented in this paper. Both of them were created as an academic licence at the Faculty of Transport Engineering of the University of Pardubice (Czech Republic). In the first case, the simulation tool “SJKV-V4N v. 1.0” was created in framework of the project “Competence Center of Railway Vehicles” of the Technology Agency of the Czech Republic in 2018. This software represents a particular version of the multi-body simulation tool “SJKV”, which was supplemented with a user interface, and nowadays it is available for non-commercial use by the students and academic staff for free. It is intended for realization of multi-body simulations of three pre-defined design concepts of four-axle railway vehicles under certain conditions. The second software tool – named as “RailCalc 2.0” – is intended for traction calculations,i.e., for the calculations of running times and energy consumption of defined trains on defined railway lines. This software represents a modified version of the program “RailCalc” created in framework of a bachelor thesis at the Faculty of Transport Engineering in 2020
Research of Resistance of Movement of a Four-Axle Wagon with Various Wheels Designs
No full textPríspevok obsahuje opis matematického modelu pohybu štvornápravového nákladného vagóna na železničnej trati. Prostredníctvom matematického modelovania boli vykonané štúdie jazdného odporu vagóna s kolesami s rôznym konštrukčným usporiadaním. Porovnávané sú dve konštrukcie kolies, konkrétne konštrukcia tradičného kolesa, ktorého jazdná plocha a okolesník tvoria jeden celok a perspektívna konštrukcia kolesa, ktorá umožňuje nezávislú rotáciu jazdnej plochy kolesa a vodiacej plochy, t. j. okolesníka. Predstavené sú potenciálne výhody použitia kolies s perspektívnou konštrukciou v podvozku vagóna, ktoré tkvejú v redukovaní jazdného odporu.The article contains description of a mathematical model of the movement of a four-axle freight wagon on a rail track. With the help of mathematical modelling, studies of the running resistance of a wagon with wheels of various design schemes have been carried out. There are compared two wheel designs, namely the design of a traditional wheel with a monolithic production tread surface and the flange and the perspective wheel design, which allows independent rotating of support surface of the wheel and of its guiding surface, i.e. of its flange. Potential advantages of using the wheels of a perspective design scheme in a bogie of a wagon are revealed, which consist in reducing its resistance of movement
Use of AI Methods for Classification of Railway Signals Images
No full textČlánek se zabývá využitím metod umělé inteligence (AI), konkrétně detekce a klasifikace obrazu v železniční dopravě. Úvodní kapitoly popisují možnosti, které AI v současnosti v různých oborech vědy a průmyslu nabízí, dále následuje popis využití AI v prostředí Custom Vision pro klasifikaci obrazu železničních traťových návěstidel. V závěru je zhodnocení provedené simulace užití AI a úvaha o možném využití v reálném provozu.The article looks into the use of artificial intelligence (AI) methods, specifically image detection and classification in railway transport. The introductory chapters describe the possibilities that AI currently offers in various fields of science and industry, followed by a description of the use of AI in the Custom Vision environment for image classification of railway track signals. In the end, there is an evaluation of the simulation of the use of AI and a consideration of the possible use in real operation