Aktuální otázky sociální politiky - teorie a praxe (E-Journal)
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MEASURES IMPROVING SAFETY OF ROAD VEHICLES OF THE M1 CATEGORY AND THEIR TECHNICAL INSPECTIONS IN THE CZECH REPUBLIC AND GERMANY
No full textPříspěvek se zabývá problematikou bezpečnosti silničních vozidel kategorie M1. Především je pak zaměřen na technologické postupy jejich pravidelných technických prohlídek. S využitím síťové analýzy je zde analyzován technologický postup pravidelné technické prohlídky vozidla kategorie M1 v České republice a ve Spolkové republice Německo. Na základě jejich porovnání navrhuje racionalizační opatření vedoucí ke zvýšení kvality tohoto druhu technické prohlídky.The paper is focused on the question of safety by road vehicles of the M1 category. The main emphasis is put on technologic processes of their regular technical inspections. Technological processes of regular inspection of M1 category vehicles are analysed in the Czech Republic and The Federal Republic of Germany by using of network analysis. There are suggestions of rationalizing measures leading to improving of quality level of these technical inspections in the paper. These suggestions are based on comparison of inspection processes in both countries
ATTITUDES OF CZECH AND SLOVAK YOUNG PROFESSIONALS TOWARDS POTENTIAL NEW ENTRANTS IN THE AUTOMOTIVE INDUSTRY
No full textThe automotive industry is changing rapidly. Are these changes what the car customer prefers? This paper gives insights into attitudes towards new automotive brands, the brand image of big tech companies, perceptions regarding the cooperation between car manufacturers and tech companies, purchasing drivers of new brands, and willingness to pay for big tech brands in automotive. In-depth interviews with young professionals in the Czech Republic and Slovakia were conducted with the use of an interview guide
Maternal Thinking in Doris Lessing’s The Golden Notebook: An Analysis of Impossibility
No full textThe paper develops around the notion of motherhood in Doris Lessing’s seminal novel The Golden Notebook. Starting from the premise of Lessing’s persistent refusal of the label of feminist writer, but theoretically sustained through an elaboration of her stance on the novel’s readership, the main argument of the paper emphasises Lessing’s (semantic) accordance with the feminist motherhood theory of the early sixties. In addition, through the notion of motherhood, the article aims to provide an account respectful towards Lessing’s request for a complex and coherent reading of her work
Actual Condition of Wheelset–Track Interaction at Turnouts and Crossing of DPMB Tram Branch Junction near Ostravska Street
No full textPříspěvek shrnuje skutečnosti týkající se vzájemného vztahu dvojkolí–kolej a vyplývající z aktuálně získaných poznatků při zkušebním provozu nového odbočného tramvajového uzlu DPMB se svrškem z Vignolových kolejnic. Pro zajištění optimální vazby dvojkolí–kolejbylo nezbytné při návrhu konstrukce v oblasti jednoduchých a dvojitých srdcovek navrhnout šířku žlábků odpovídající jmenovitým i mezním parametrům provozovaných dvojkolí. Při zkušebním provozu se pak objevily drobné technické problémy a bylo zapotřebí nalézt jejich příčinu a posoudit jejich závažnost. Analýza aktuálního vzájemného vztahu dvojkolí–kolej zde prokázala, že zmíněné problémy nepředstavují žádnou překážku pro používání tohoto typu výhybkových konstrukcí v podmínkách DPMB. Postupnou optimalizací údržby běžně provozovaných tramvají a sjednocením parametrů dvojkolí historických vozidel pak problémy zcela vymizí.The paper summarizes the facts involved in wheelset-track interaction and results from obtained experience within the testing operation of the new DPMB tram branch junction of Vignol’s rail track. The flangeway width was set in relation to the nominal and the limit parameters of all types tram wheelset for optimization of the wheelset-track interaction. Small technical troubles appear during the testing operation and it was necessary to find their reason. Analysis of the actual wheelset-track interaction shows that the mentioned troubles do not constitute any restriction for using of this type turnout structure in DPMB. The troublesabsolutely disappear by progressive optimization of common types of trams maintenance and by unification of parameters of historical trams
Modelling of Air Springs
No full textČlánek pojednává o problematice modelování vzduchových pružin pro využití v MBS výpočtech. Věrohodnost výsledků výpočtových simulací zcela závisí na správném nastavení parametrů ve výpočtových modelech. U výpočtových modelů vzduchových pružin to jsouhlavně parametry, které určují jejich dynamické chování. Za účelem měření dynamických vlastností vzduchových pružin byl ve VÚKV navržen a postaven měřící stav. Představení a popis měřicího stavu jsou součástí tohoto článku. Konec článku je věnován implementaci naměřených dat do výpočtového modelu vzduchové pružiny a jeho validaci.The article deals with the issue of modelling air springs for use in multibody simulations. The reliability of the results of simulations fully depends on the correct parameter settings in simulation models. To set simulation models of air springs it is necessary to take into account mainly the parameters that determine their dynamic behaviour. In order to measure the dynamic properties of air springs, a test bench was designed and built in VÚKV. The introduction and the description of the test bench are parts of this article. The end of the article deals with the implementation of measured data into the simulation model of air spring and its validation
Vehicles and Infrastructure for Emission-Free Operation on Non-Electrified Lines
No full textPřechod české železnice na plně bezemisní provoz je objektivní nutností. A to nikoliv jen z důvodu úspor energie a emisí, ale i pro zvýšení výkonnosti a efektivnosti železniční dopravy. Ukazuje se rozumné provést jej kombinací liniového a akumulátorového napájení vozidel. Obnovu parku vozidel je potřeba koordinovat s rozvojem na straně dopravní cesty. S konverzí napájení drah ze 3 kV na 25 kV, s rozvojem liniové i bodové elektrifikace i se zaváděním ETCS na tratích a na vozidlech.The transition of the Czech railways to fully emission-free operation is an objective necessity. And not only to save energy and emissions, but also to increase the efficiency and effectiveness of rail transport. It appears reasonable to do this by combining line and battery power to the vehicles. The renewal of the vehicle fleet needs to be coordinated with the development on the railway infrastructure side. With the conversion of track power supply from 3 kV to 25 kV, the development of line and point electrification and the introduction of ETCS on lines and vehicles
Wayside Diagnostic of Running Gear in Subway Vehicles Maintenance
No full textÚvod příspěvku popisuje výhody wayside diagnostiky jedoucích vozidel, existující systémy a systém vyvíjený v rámci projektu TAČR Wayside diagnostika pojezdu kolejových vozidel. V další části jsou popsány vybrané diagnostikovatelné poruchy, jejichž zjištění je při statické prohlídce v depu problematické či nemožné. Automatický diagnostický systém plní kromě možnosti přechodu k prediktivní údržbě také bezpečnostní funkci, protože umožňuje odhalit náhlé poruchy, které se vyskytnou v provozu. V závěru příspěvku je popsána vize, jak začlenit wayside diagnostiku pojezdu do již existujícího systému údržby vozidel.The introduction describes the advantages of wayside diagnostics of running railway vehicles, existing systems and the system developed within the project TAČR Wayside Diagnostics of Railway Vehicles Running Gear. The next section describes selecteddiagnosable disorders, the detection of which is problematic or impossible during a static inspection in the depot. In addition to the option of switching to predictive maintenance, the automatic diagnostic system also performs a safety function, as it makes it possible to detect sudden faults that occur during operation. The paper concludes with a vision of how to integrate wayside diagnostics into an existing vehicle maintenance system
„Ma santé commence à être un peu meilleure...“ An Enlightener and his Health.: Part Two: Wenzel Anton of Kaunitz-Rietberg as a Patient
No full textThe second part of the two-part paper presents topics and sources viewed through the optics of Patienten- geschichte, concerning the relationship to health and illness of otherwise well-known Count and later Prince, Wenzel Anton of Kaunitz-Rietberg (1711–1794). Attention is paid to which methods and medicaments Kaunitz considered healthy, whether he followed any preventive treatment to maintain good health, and what he advised his relatives and friends. The paper also focuses on his cures, which medications he used and bought, how much he spent on and where he searched for them. Last but not least, the essay will try to find out Kaunitz’s sources of medical information, whether and how he reflected contemporary medical discourse, and if new findings and methods were somehow reflected in his approach to the illnesses and treatment that he and his relatives and friends underwent.The second part of the two-part paper presents topics and sources viewed through the optics of Patienten- geschichte, concerning the relationship to health and illness of otherwise well-known Count and later Prince, Wenzel Anton of Kaunitz-Rietberg (1711–1794). Attention is paid to which methods and medicaments Kaunitz considered healthy, whether he followed any preventive treatment to maintain good health, and what he advised his relatives and friends. The paper also focuses on his cures, which medications he used and bought, how much he spent on and where he searched for them. Last but not least, the essay will try to find out Kaunitz’s sources of medical information, whether and how he reflected contemporary medical discourse, and if new findings and methods were somehow reflected in his approach to the illnesses and treatment that he and his relatives and friends underwent
DESIGN AND STRENGTH ANALYSIS OF A CRANE HOOK WITH A 500 KG LIFTING CAPACITY
No full textA bridge crane is a type of crane that is designed for lifting / lowering and transferring material in the horizontal direction and is used mainly in production halls, warehouses and transship points. A part of the lifting mechanism of the bridge crane is a crane hook on which the load is suspended. Sufficient strength is required from the crane hook in order to be able to withstand high loads relatively well. The most stressed part of the crane hook is the curved inner surface. This surface is considered critical in terms of strength. The goal of this paper is to select a suitable crane hook for a single girder bridge crane with a load capacity of 500 kg and a strength analysis of the selected crane hook. Strength analysis is performed by two methods, first is based on analytical calculation and second is based on finite element method (FEM) performed in Ansys software. The comparison of the obtained total stresses from both methods is the part of the analysis. From the results of the FEM analysis and analytical calculation it can be stated that the selected crane hook RSN 05 P - DIN 15401 with a load capacity of 500 kg is suitable for the above-mentioned bridge crane. It can also be concluded that the total stress determined by the analytical calculation is lower by 9.8 % compared to the stress obtained from the Ansys software
IS THE INFLUENCE OF AN ANCHOR IN TRANSPORT SAME FOR EVERY GENERATION? Case study in deciding on the ticket price
No full textMnoho publikací bylo napsáno o působení kognitivních klamů při rozhodování, ať už je tím klamem paradox volby, efekt volavky, haló efekt nebo klam dostupnosti. Tento článek se zaměřuje na efekt kotvy neboli vtisknutí. Lidé mají tendenci nechat se ovlivnit v podstatě jakýmkoli číslem, které uvidí před rozhodováním o ceně zboží a jeho nákupu. Otázkou zůstává, zda se všechny generační skupiny nechají ovlivnit stejným způsobem, nebo jestli jsou různé generace různě citlivé na působení kotvy. Tato otázka byla soustředěna na oblasti rozhodování o ceně letenky, kde proběhl průzkum mezi různými generacemi. Nejen na základě analýzy rozptylu pak bylo možné konstatovat, že mladší generace jsou na vliv kotvy citlivější než ty starší.There are many articles available about cognitive biases that show why people often make irrational decisions. Cognitive biases can come in the form of decoy effects, paradoxes of choice, halo effects, or availability heuristics. This paper deals with the effects anchoring or imprinting effect. People tend to be influenced by random numbers that they see before making their decisions about prices or purchases. The question is if all generations are sensitive in the same way or if there is any difference between generations when it comes to the anchoring effect. This question is answered through research on decision-making in relation to plane ticket prices. Subjects were surveyed by demographics such as their generation. ANOVA was one method used that showed that younger generations were more sensitive to the anchor than the older ones