Aktuální otázky sociální politiky - teorie a praxe (E-Journal)
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The Significance of Reference Scenarios to Assess Aerodynamic Effects in Railway Application
No full textAerodynamika v železniční aplikaci je typickým příkladem problematiky, která se vyskytuje na rozhraní mezi vozidly a infrastrukturou, přičemž se oba systémy navzájem ovlivňují. Velikost efektů je ovlivněna i okolním prostředím, které reprezentují atmosférické podmínky nebo konkrétní provozní situace. To vyžaduje při analýze aerodynamických efektů definovat referenční podmínky nebo scénáře, ke kterým jsou výsledky vztaženy a v jejichž kontextu dále porovnávány nebo hodnoceny. Při experimentu je pak důležitá korekce nebo transformace naměřených dat na tento referenční stav. Článek stručně představuje příklady referenčních vozidel a infrastruktury při hodnocení aerodynamických efektů na širé trati nebo v tunelu. Jsou zmíněny referenční scénáře u vybraných témat aerodynamiky, poukázáno na specifické otázky při jejich aplikaci a uvedeny příklady vlivu okrajových podmínek na velikost některých efektů.The aerodynamics in railway application is a typical example of the topic that occurs on the interface between vehicles and infrastructure while both systems affect each other. The magnitude of effects is also determined by surrounding environment that represents atmospheric conditions or specific operational situations. During the analysis of aerodynamic effects, it requires a definition of reference conditions or scenarios to which the results are referred and in which context they are further compared or assessed. In experiment it is important to correct or transform measured data into this reference state. The article briefly describes examples of reference vehicles and infrastructure that are used in the assessment of aerodynamic effects on open track or in tunnel. There are shown reference scenarios relating to some aerodynamic topics, there is emphasized on specific questions in their application and shown examples of boundary conditions influence on the magnitude of some effects
Results of Measurements and Simulations of Photovoltaic Feeding of Railway Vehicles in Conditions of Czech Republic
No full textPrvní část příspěvku popisuje měření provedená na experimentálním kolejovém vozidle Dopravní fakulty Jana Pernera, na jejichž základě byla určena účinnost přeměny dopadajícího slunečního záření na elektrickou energii prostřednictvím fotovoltaických panelů umístěných přímo na střeše vozidla. Druhá část se zabývá zpracováním statistických dat o dopadajícím slunečním záření změřených na čtyřech meteorologických stanicích na území České republiky. V poslední části je pak na základě určené účinnosti přeměny energie a statistických dat provedena simulace jízd dvouzdrojové elektrické jednotky na čtyřech tratích v České republice, přičemž je sledován energetický přínos fotovoltaických panelů umístěných na střeše zamýšlené jednotky vzhledem k celkové spotřebě energie.The first part of this paper describes measurements done on experimental vehicle of Faculty of Transport Engineering – these measurements were used for determination of conversion efficiency of sunshine into electric energy through photovoltaic panels mounted directly on the roof of the vehicle. Next part is focused on statistical processing of data about sunshine from four meteorological stations in Czech Republic. In the last part of this paper are presented simulations results of the drive of the two-source electric motor unit done according to counted efficiency of energy change and statistical data of sunshine. These simulations were done for railway tracks in Czech Republic, real energy impact of photovoltaic panels on the roof of unit was assessed
PASSENGER TRAFFIC AND FREIGHT HANDLING IN PORTS OF EUROPEAN UNION
No full textThis paper informs about latest statistical data of passenger traffic and freight handling in ports of European Union, covering the transport of goods between EU ports. It also presents maritime transport flows with individual results to main European ports. Information is based on data collected within the frame of the EU maritime transport statistics Directive. The content refers to the 23 of total maritime Member States
INTEGRATED TACTICALS TIMETABLES – PART I
No full textTento odborný článek seznámí čtenáře s prvopočátky zavedení Integrovaných taktových jízdních řádů a samozřejmě taky se základními pojmy, které se používají při jejich tvorbě. Článek se rovněž bude zmiňovat o matematických výpočtech pro zavádění zastávkových vlaků s úplnou dosažitelností míst zastavení.This technical article will acquaint readers with the beginning of the aplicated integrated tacticals timetables and with the basic concepts that are used in the integrated tacticals timetables. The article will also mention Mathematical calculations for the introduction of stop trains with full reach of stopping places
THE POSITION OF A WELD AND ITS INFLUENCE ON MECHANICAL STRESS CONCENTRATION
No full textPříspěvek se zabývá umístěním svarů rámu a jejich vlivem na pevnost konstrukce. U konstrukce rámu je nutné brát zřetel na minimalizaci hmotnosti při zachování jeho dostatečné pevnosti a únosnosti. Za tímto účelem byl vytvořen 3D model rámu, který odpovídá reálnému provedení rámu, a tento model byl podroben analýze metodou konečných prvků (MKP). Na základě této analýzy byly vytipovány oblasti s koncentrací napětí. Požadavkem je, aby pokud možno se směr svarů co nejméně vyskytoval v oblastech vysokého mechanického napětí. Díky vhodnému uspořádání svarů může dojít ke snížení hmotnosti rámu díky použití profilů s nižší tloušťkou stěny při zachování požadované pevnosti. Návrhem vhodného směru svarů a kontrolních zkoušek mohl být zvýšen sooučinitel hodnoty svarového spoje v dané oblasti a tím i maximální dovolené namáhání.The paper deals with the appropriate positioning of the welds of the frame and their influence on the strength of the structure. In the frame design, it is considered to minimize the weight while maintaining its strength and load capacity. For this purpose, a 3D model of the frame corresponding to the actual frame was created and this model was subjected to Finite Element Analysis (FEA). Based on this analysis, areas with stress concentrations have been identified in which it is desirable to change the direction of the welds in order to minimize the occurrence in areas of high mechanical stress. Due to these modifications, the weight of the frame could be reduced by using profiles with lower wall thickness while maintaining the required strength. The design of the appropriate direction of welds and inspection tests could increase the weld joint factor in the given area and thus the maximum allowable stress
A LITERATURE REVIEW ON TIRE COMPONENT REQUIREMENTS
No full textThis paper is a literature review about tire component requirements for innovation in tire construction. Herein are pointed out essential aspects expected in Tires’ structures from the mechanical point of view for future development of a realistic model for advanced simulation of tires (in miscellaneous operating conditions) and innovation in tire mechanics. Being composite structures, tires are made of many elements chosen with delicacy due to their intrinsic physical properties in regards to load effects. Since tires\u27 mechanical behavior is directly linked to the parameters of its constituents (carcass, steel cord belt, and textile cord belt, namely), it is thereof imperative to grasp some solid pieces of knowledge about. Wherefore, the current contribution explored the mechanical requirements to be taken into account in the matrix (rubber) and reinforcements (steel cords and textile cords) for determining the inputs enabling to build up an accurate and simple computer model for improving tires simulation
Mirror, Mirror: Framing the Story of Snow White
No full textThe Queen’s mirror is an essential part of the classic tale “Little Snow White.” It is the driving force behind Queen’s actions and thus behind the whole plot of the story. In feminist criticism, the mirror is often interpreted as a tool of patriarchy that is meant to pit the female characters against one another. Many authors of modern fairy tale rewritings have thusly adjusted the position of the mirror in the story to show the influence it has on female characters. This paper will discuss two such rewritings, namely “The Tale of the Apple” by Emma Donoghue and “Snow White Learns Witchcraft” by Theodora Goss, focusing on how these two authors change the position of the mirror and what effect this has on the female characters. Despite the differences in the approaches of these two authors, the results of the altered role of the mirror share striking resemblances with regard to the messages their stories convey about female characters in a patriarchal story
Lost (and Found) in Translation: The Reception of Pinel’s and Esquirol’s Psychiatric Theories and the Conformation of Melancholy, Hypochondria, Mania and Hysteria in Spain, 1800–1855
No full textIn the history of psychiatry in Spain, the first half of the nineteenth century has been considered a period of uncritical reception of the theories of Philippe Pinel and Jean Étienne Esquirol. In this article I strive to problematise the diffusionist assumptions of this thesis, studying the participation of local agents in the circulation and reception of medical knowledge. Through a comparative analysis of the paratexts and the modifications made to the translations of the works of these authors, I intend to expose how the theories of Pinel and Esquirol were unified in the Spanish case. Through a concrete analysis of the modification of the diagnoses of melancholy, hypochondria, mania and hysteria, I intend to expose the variations that were applied to medical knowledge in its reception in Spain in order to adapt it to the frameworks of local medicine. Lastly, I intend to expose the methodological advantages offered by conceiving the translations of works and books as cultural products whose meaning is constructed in its place of rception, and not in the place of original publication.In the history of psychiatry in Spain, the first half of the nineteenth century has been considered a period of uncritical reception of the theories of Philippe Pinel and Jean Étienne Esquirol. In this article I strive to problematise the diffusionist assumptions of this thesis, studying the participation of local agents in the circulation and reception of medical knowledge. Through a comparative analysis of the paratexts and the modifications made to the translations of the works of these authors, I intend to expose how the theories of Pinel and Esquirol were unified in the Spanish case. Through a concrete analysis of the modification of the diagnoses of melancholy, hypochondria, mania and hysteria, I intend to expose the variations that were applied to medical knowledge in its reception in Spain in order to adapt it to the frameworks of local medicine. Lastly, I intend to expose the methodological advantages offered by conceiving the translations of works and books as cultural products whose meaning is constructed in its place of rception, and not in the place of original publication
Dramatic transfers: Mural painting and religious theatre in the Western Alps during the sixteenth century
No full textIn the specific context of the late medieval Alps, it has been demonstrated that artistic exchanges and the circulation of iconographic and stylistic patterns were quite common. Transference can take place between different media, like religious theatrical mysteries and painted works of art such as alpine chapels’ wall paintings. This paper explores the circulation of theatrical mysteries through the Alps between Provence, Brianzonese and Piemonte. It analyses some examples of iconographic transference, like composition, precise gesturing, attributes and accessories but also characters designation. A series of accurate matches is thus selected in vices and virtues wall paintings and in some saints’ painted cycles. It demonstrates also correspondences in the expressionism and dolorism in some episodes of saint Anthony’s life. With the analysis of two saints’ cycles (saints Andrew and Bartholomew), it will conclude trying to explain how to find the presence or the absence of dialogue between religious mysteries and wall paintings.In the specific context of the late medieval Alps, it has been demonstrated that artistic exchanges and the circulation of iconographic and stylistic patterns were quite common. Transference can take place between different media, like religious theatrical mysteries and painted works of art such as alpine chapels’ wall paintings. This paper explores the circulation of theatrical mysteries through the Alps between Provence, Brianzonese and Piemonte. It analyses some examples of iconographic transference, like composition, precise gesturing, attributes and accessories but also characters designation. A series of accurate matches is thus selected in vices and virtues wall paintings and in some saints’ painted cycles. It demonstrates also correspondences in the expressionism and dolorism in some episodes of saint Anthony’s life. With the analysis of two saints’ cycles (saints Andrew and Bartholomew), it will conclude trying to explain how to find the presence or the absence of dialogue between religious mysteries and wall paintings
MULTIMODAL LOGISTICS CENTRE IN PARDUBICE
No full textV současné době není na území ČR k dispozici žádné veřejné logistické centrum. Silniční infrastruktura v ČR je přetížena nákladní dopravou, přičemž železniční nákladní doprava není dostatečně využívána, vodní cesty jsou pro nákladní dopravu využívány zanedbatelně z důvodu stále odkládané realizace celoroční splavnosti Labe. Je třeba provést analýzu možností realizace a najít optimální variantu. Budoucí koncový přístav na řece Labi v Pardubicích (Česká republika) je dlouhodobě připravovaným projektem, který velmi úzce souvisí s projektem zajištění celoroční splavnosti Labe a zajištění vodní cesty do námořního přístavu Hamburk a dalších severoevropských námořních přístavů. Evropská komise předložila dne 19. 10. 2011 plán ke zlepšení evropských dopravních, energetických a digitálních sítí (new Trans-European Transport Network (TEN-T). V tomto plánu je zařazena labská vodní cesta s koncovým přístavem v Pardubicích mezi projekty hlavní sítě.There is currently available no public logistics center in the Czech Republic. The roads infrastructure in the Czech Republic are overloaded by freight transportation and at the same time railways are underused for freight transportation, water flows for freight transport are used negligible due to still delayed realization of yearround navigability the Elbe River. It is necessary to analyze the possibility of realization and to find the optimal variant. Future end port on the Elbe River in the city of Pardubice (Czech Republic) is a long-term prepared project. It is closely related to the project of ensuring year-round navigability of the Elbe River and of ensuring waterways to the seaport of Hamburg and other northern seaports. The European Commission introduced on October 19, 2011 a plan to improve Europe\u27s transport, energy and digital networks (new Trans-European Transport Network (TEN-T). This plan included Elbe waterway with the end port in Pardubice between projects of the main network