Aktuální otázky sociální politiky - teorie a praxe (E-Journal)
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DIMENSIONAL CALCULATION OF A MAST OF A MAST TYPE JIB CRANE FOR SLUDGE PUMPS HANDLING
No full textThis paper represents a continuation of the issue of the technical solution of the mast-type jib crane for handling sludge pumps. It is situated and used in building no. 900, block V2 of Jaslovské Bohunice nuclear power plant. It accounts for an optimization of the original, in operation damaged handling equipment with manual control of lift and rotation. The overload of the equipment has a negligible effect on the lifting force on a crank. It was ascertained that the lifting force still belongs to the recommended range of 120 N to 160 N for comfortable operation by one worker. Due to the fact that in the original design there is a complete absence of bearings in the rotating mechanism, it is the solution to this problem that is on the subject of the paper. The difficulties with lifting the pumps from sludge ambient, which occurred during the use of the mast jib crane, in a way opened the door to further design modifications to the original structure. As a solution, it is proposed to cancel the original construction of the carrier inserted into the support and replace it with a fixed mast on which the jib would rotate. In this way, on the one hand it would potentially be conceivable to increase the load capacity and thus solve the problem of lifting pumps attached to the bottom of a tank. On the other hand, it is also attainable to amplify the scope of action of this crane
LOW SPEED CHECK-WEIGHING OF VEHICLES
No full textPříspěvek se zabývá problematikou nízkorychlostního kontrolního vážení vozidel. Představuje základní právní předpisy EU a právní předpisy ČR upravující oblast limitů hmotností a rozměrů vozidel. Seznamuje s tím, která vozidla a na kterých pozemních komunikacích se váží při nízkorychlostním kontrolním vážení. Uvádí, kdo může toto vážení provádět. Představuje a komentuje technologický postup nízkorychlostního kontrolního vážení a navrhuje konkrétní úpravy v této činnosti. Seznamuje se sankcemi za překročení stanovených limitů a navrhuje jejich úpravu.The paper deals with the issue of low-speed check-weighing of vehicles. It presents the basic EU and Czech legislation defining the limits of vehicle weights and dimensions. It introduces which vehicles and on which roads are weighed in the way of low-speed check-weighing. It specifies who can carry out this weighing as well. The paper introduces and comments technological process of low-speed check-weighing and suggests specific adjustments to this activity. The paper also introduces penalties for exceeding the limits set suggest some adjustments to them
ANALYSING THE PRE-DEFORMATION IN CASE OF SELECTIVE LASER MELTING PROCESS
No full textIn Selective Laser Melting technology, the deformation of a metal model depends on many parameters. A complex model geometry needs simulation software to compensate for it. In this research work, the different types of model geometries, materials (316L, Ti64), and pre-deformation processes were analyzed in a Selective Laser Melting dedicated simulation software and the real model. The result shows the geometrical difference between the standard and the pre-deformed models and the simulated results and printed parts. Due to the result, the necessity of pre-deformation, the right choice of simulation parameters, and the simulation process become more understandable and predictable in SLM technology. Of the two raw materials, in the case of titanium, higher internal stresses are generated during printing, so knowing what the deformations are is even more important than in the case of steel. An important result of the research is that it clearly demonstrates where and to what extent deformation occurs in the case of post-printing operations, thus the desired geometry can better meet the requirements
PROPOSALS SOLUTIONS FOR THE ORGANIZATION OF TOURIST TRANSPORT IN THE SETECTED AREA
No full textPříspěvek se zabývá problematikou turistické dopravy. Konkrétně je zaměřen na organizaci turistické dopravy na území Národního parku a Chráněné krajinné oblasti Šumava. Zde je velkým problémem nárůst poptávky po dopravě zejména v tzv. letní turistické sezóně od poloviny června do poloviny září. Příspěvek předkládá konkrétní technologický postup řešení a návrhy na zmírnění negativních dopadů turistické dopravy na vybraném území Šumavy.The paper deals with solution of an issue of tourist transport. Specifically, it is focused on the organization of tourist transport in the territory of the National Park and the Šumava Protected Landscape Area. The serious problem here is the increase in demand for transport, especially in the summer tourist season from mid-June to mid-September. The paper presents specific technological procedure for solving and proposals for mitigating the negative impacts of tourist transport in the selected area of Šumava
IMAGE PRE-PROCESSING METHODS USED FOR AUTOMATIC DETECTION OF ROAD USERS
No full textHlavním cílem tohoto článku je provést analýzu metod předzpracování obrazu a uvést jednotlivé autory a publikace, které se jimi zabývají. Za účelem získání systematického přehledu je v článku navržena metodika pro vyhledávání jednotlivých relevantních zdrojů. Metody předzpracování obrazu předcházejí automatické detekci účastníků silničního provozu. Díky vhodně zvolenému postupu předzpracování obrazu je automatická detekce přesnější a rychlejší stejně jako následující klasifikace detekovaných objektů a jejich trasování. Vhodné předzpracování obrazu se využívá jak u standardní metody detekce odečítání pozadí, tak u moderních metod pracujících na principu neuronových sítí jako CNN, YOLO, SSD a další. Obsahem článku je přehled jednotlivých nejčastěji využívaných metod předzpracování obrazu a publikací, ve kterých je jednotliví autoři využívají pro přípravu obrazu před různými metodami automatické detekce. Následuje vyhodnocení výsledků a na závěr jsou navrženy směry dalšího výzkumu v této oblasti.The main objective of this paper is to conduct an analysis of image pre-processing methods and to state individual authors and publications dealing with them. In order to obtain a systematic review, a methodology of relevant sources‘ searching is proposed in the article. The methods of image pre-processing precede the automatic detection of road users. Thank to suitably chosen image pre-processing process is the automatic detection more accurate and faster as well as consequent classification of the detected objects and their tracking. Suitable image pre-processing is used by the standard background subtraction method and by modern methods working on the principle of neural networks like CNN, YOLO, SSD etc. The content of this article is a review of individual most commonly used pre-processing methods and publications, where individual authors use them to prepare frames prior to various automatic detection methods. An evaluation of results follows and in the conclusion ways for further research are proposed based on the analysis
Female Investigators:: Rewriting the Masculine Narrative of Crime Fiction
No full textWhile the crime genre may have seemed as purely masculine for the greater part of its history, feminist critics looking for the roots of female crime writing have found a rich history of both the woman crime writer as well as the woman detective. Since the 1980s there has been not only a pronounced resurgence of interest in crime fiction, but also a boom of female detectives created by female writers. Focusing on works by Robert Galbraith, Denise Mina, Linda Barnes, Dana Stabenow and S. J. Rozan, this article explores some of the ways the traditionally masculine private eye subgenre can be appropriated to accommodate a female protagonist. Comparing a variety of protagonists and narrative strategies, it further argues that, perhaps paradoxically, the originally dominantly masculine hardboiled PI tradition seems well accommodating to female (even feminist) appropriations
The Lessons of Selborne: : Gilbert White’s Ruminations on Nature, Humans and the World
No full textThe following paper analyses a classic work of 18th century nature writing, Gilbert White’s (1720–1793) Natural History of Selborne (1789). It contextualizes the work in the cultural and philosophical discussions of its era, and stresses White’s “economy of nature” as a continuum of spiritual, aesthetic, and economic dimensions of nature. The essay argues that this complexity presents the English naturalist’s unique contribution to the rise of nature writing and ecological thought during the emergence of Romanticism. The final discussion here deals with the reception of White’s work beginning in the late 1960s and its significance within the ecocritical debates of our day.
Denisa VÍDEŇSKÁ, Malí aristokraté. Život ve šlechtické rodině v 19.století očima dítěte, Pardubice, Univerzita Pardubice 2021, 252 s. ISBN 978-80-7560-367-8.
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ANALYSIS OF THE SYSTEM OF DRIVING SCHOOLS IN SELECTED EU COUNTRIES AND THE SLOVAK REPUBLIC
No full textAccording to figures provided by the European Commission, more than 20,000 people die each year when traveling in the European Union (Press release European Commission, 2021). In 2019, the EU average of road accidents was 51 deaths per million inhabitants, with significant differences between low and high accident rates. In the Slovak Republic, drivers with a driving experience of up to 5 years (approximately 25%) cause fatal accidents every year, while drivers who belong to this group make up only 11.6% of all drivers (Statistical overviews of the agenda of traffic accident in the Slovak Republic and complete statistics Ministry of the Interior of the Slovak Republic, 2022). One of the causes of this condition can be sought directly in driving schools. The main goal of the paper is to analyse the system of driving schools based on selected criteria in selected thirteen EU countries (Bulgaria, Czechia, Denmark, Finland, the Netherlands, Croatia, Lithuania, Latvia, Germany, Poland, Romania, Slovenia and Sweden), which show differences in numbers. People killed in traffic accidents and compare them with the system of driving schools in the Slovak Republic. The paper also looks for a link between the number of fatal traffic accidents in a given country and the driving school system
OPTIMALIZÁCIA SYSTÉMU ORGANIZÁCIE VEREJNÝCH SÚŤAŽÍ V ŽELEZNIČNEJ OSOBNEJ DOPRAVE
No full textThe market for rail services in EU countries has long been inaccessible to the private sector. Transport services were provided by national carriers, which led to the prevention of participation in fair and non-discriminatory competition in the provision of rail transport services. The main goal of customers of transport services in the public interest as well as providers of transport services is to provide transport services in the public interest and to increase the occupancy of individual connections as much as possible. The more passengers will travel on a given route, the higher the revenue the route will have and therefore it will not be necessary to require more funds from public budgets. It is necessary to analyze the overall development in the operation of rail passenger transport, including the entry of private carriers into the infrastructure of the Železnice Slovenskej republiky. Based on the knowledge of the current situation, it is necessary to take measures to achieve compliance with the requirements of Regulation (EC) 1370/2007, which is coordinated by the Ministry of Transport and Construction of Slovak Republic. The paper characterizes the current state of organizing public tenders in the Slovak Republic and their course and proposes the gradual steps of the public tender in the form of a schedule. An important point of the whole process of the organization of the public tender is the correct setting of competencies, determination of the subject of the public tender and, last but not least, to propose a uniform methodology of the public tender, which may, however, vary in individual states due to the conditions of national legislation. Part of the unified methodology is the determination of the phases of the public tender process, which are part of the schedule of the public tender. The schedule of the public tender shows the entire cycle, resp. the duration of each phase of the tender for each proposed group of measures taken.Trh služieb železničnej dopravy v krajinách EÚ bol dlhodobo neprístupný súkromnému sektoru. Dopravné služby boli poskytované národnými dopravcami, čo viedlo k zamedzeniu podieľania sa na spravodlivej a nediskriminačnej hospodárskej súťaži pri poskytovaní dopravných služieb železničnej dopravy. Hlavným cieľom objednávateľov dopravných služieb vo verejnom záujme ako aj poskytovateľov dopravných služieb je zaistiť dopravné služby vo verejnom záujme, a v čo najväčšej miere zvýšiť obsadenosť jednotlivých spojov. Čím viac cestujúcich bude na danom spoji cestovať, tým budú väčšie tržby na danom spoji a teda nebude potrebné vyžadovať viac financií z verejných rozpočtov. Preto je potrebné analyzovať celkový vývoj v oblasti prevádzkovania železničnej osobnej dopravy, vrátane vstupu súkromných dopravcov na infraštruktúru Železníc Slovenskej republiky. Na základe poznania súčasného stavu je potrebné prijať opatrenia na dosiahnutie naplnenia požiadaviek Nariadenia (ES) 1370/2007, ktoré koordinuje MDV SR. Príspevok charakterizuje aktuálny stav organizovania verejných súťaží v SR a ich priebeh, a navrhuje postupné kroky verejnej súťaže formou časového harmonogramu. Dôležitým bodom celého procesu organizácie verejnej súťaže je správne nastavenie kompetencií, určenie predmetu verejnej súťaže a v neposlednom rade navrhnúť jednotnú metodiku priebehu verejnej súťaže, ktorá sa však môže meniť v jednotlivých štátoch vzhľadom na podmienky národnej legislatívy. Súčasťou jednotnej metodiky je určenie fáz procesu verejnej súťaže, ktoré sú súčasťou časového harmonogramu verejnej súťaže. Časový harmonogram verejnej súťaže zobrazuje celý cyklus, resp. trvanie jednotlivých fáz verejnej súťaže pre každú navrhovanú skupinu prijatých opatrení