Aktuální otázky sociální politiky - teorie a praxe (E-Journal)
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THE USE OF AN OPEN SOURCE FEA SOLVER ON A STANDARD ENGINEERING PROBLEM
No full textThe article deals with a FEA results comparison of an open source FEM software CODE_ASTER with a commercial software SolidWorks Simulation and Abaqus. The problem of a statically loaded spherical cap is solved. Result evaluation is aimed at loss of stability, i.e. limit load (equilibrium curve) when loss of stability occurs and its corresponding shape of deformation. The response of the structure is described by a load-deflection curve of a top of a spherical cap in axial direction
VPLYV PANDÉMIE COVID – 19 NA MOBILITU OBYVATEĽOV VO VEREJNEJ DOPRAVE
No full textThe COVID 19 pandemic presents enormous challenges to our society and has affected all areas of our lives. One of the areas that have been hit the most is mass passenger transport. The aim of this contribution is to point out the changes in the traffic behaviour of the inhabitants of Slovakia as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic. For this purpose, the data obtained with the help of a questionnaire survey, which was carried out during 2021 by the inhabitants of Slovakia, were used. In addition, population mobility data from Google was also used. Overall, a significant decrease in the use of public passenger transport was recorded, but this fact also caused a decrease in overall mobility due to measures to reduce the spread of the disease. It was found that during the strongest waves of the pandemic, residents avoided using public transport and switched to other modes of transport, primarily individual car and pedestrian transport. The main reason was safety and health concerns.Pandémia COVID 19 predstavuje pre našu spoločnosť obrovské výzvy a zasiahla všetky oblasti nášho života. Jednou z oblastí, ktoré boli zasiahnuté najvýznamnejšie je hromadná osobná doprava. Cieľom tohto príspevku je poukázať na zmeny dopravného správania sa obyvateľov Slovenska vplyvom pandémie COVID – 19 . Na tento účel slúžili dáta získané pomocou dotazníkového prieskumu, ktorý bol realizovaní počas roku 2021 obyvateľmi Slovenska. Okrem toho boli použité aj dáta o mobilite obyvateľov od spoločnosti Google. Celkovo bol zaznamenaný významný pokles používanie verejnej osobnej dopravy, avšak tento fakt spôsobil aj pokles celkovej mobility v dôsledku opatrení na zníženie šírenia ochorenia. Zistilo sa, že obyvatelia sa počas najsilnejších vĺn pandémie vyhýbali používaniu verenej osobnej dopravy a prechádzali na iné druhy dopravy a to predovšetkým na individuálnu automobilovú a pešiu dopravu. Hlavným dôvodom boli obavy o bezpečnosť a zdravie
The Role of Music in E. L. Doctorow’s City of God
No full textE. L. Doctorow became world-famous primarily for his novel Ragtime (1975), which references a distinct style of playing the piano that had a profound impact on the development of jazz. Music also plays a principal role in a number of the author’s other works. This paper explores the role of music in one of his later novels, City of God (2000), with a focus on selected scenes in which music is represented. From the viewpoint of different modes of music in literature, namely the thematization of music, the sound layer and the musicalization of fiction, this contribution examines the emotions elicited in the protagonists in the scenes in question, as well as the atmosphere that the music creates or accentuates. It also takes into account which musical instruments are employed, including the symbolic meaning that one of them, the violin, carries. Furthermore, an investigation is presented as to what extent musical elements from other novels by E. L. Doctorow can be found, and in which respects this novel is unique. In City of God, the lyrics of jazz tunes emerge throughout the novel, thus the importance of this motif is discussed in detail along with the attention devoted to other major manifestations of music in this literary work. 
“Mon adorable Mécène…” Ranieri Calzabigi’s correspondence with Wenzel Anton von Kaunitz-Rietberg
No full textThe paper focuses on presenting a unique, exceptionally rich, but still basically unprocessed correspondence from the second half of 18th century between the Count and later Prince Wenzel Anton von Kaunitz-Rietberg, a well-known and respected figure in European history, and one of his important sources of information, Italian poet, librettist, opera reformer, writer and intellectual, Ranieri de Calzabigi. The edition of the correspondence is the main ouput of the grant project Vienna „à la française“: The role of Wenzl Anton von Kaunitz-Rietberg’s Parisian stays to his Viennese cultural patronage, which is briefly presented. The main questions in case of this paper are: Calzabigi´s position within Kaunitz´s social-informational network, his sources of information and also the relationship between the Prince and the poe
Daniela TINKOVÁ, Bez zpěvu a bez zvonění: dekriminalizace sebevraždy mezi sekularizací a medikalizací v 17.–19. století, Praha, Argo 2021, 496 s. ISBN 978-80-257-3524-4.
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Methodological solutions of oral history and their application in research into Czech evangelical communities in Eastern and South-eastern Europe
No full textThis work deals with the Czech evangelical (reformed religion) communities in Eastern and Southeastern Europe which originated in the 19th century and at the beginning of the 20th for economic and social reasons. The founders of these communities either left the territory of Bohemia and Moravia for the fringes of the Habsburg monarchy (they started to appear abroad only after the creation of Czechoslovakia), or they left the post-White Mountain exiles’ settlements in today’s Poland and set up new villages by the process of what is termed secondary migration. These communities continue to function up to today and the Czech language is still a commonly used form of communication. The aim of this work is to capture the narration of the last members of these communities about the history of particular communities and the common motifs of their narrations across the communities. The factors which help to preserve the identities of these communities are also identified. The method of oral history and the biographical method are the main approaches employed in the research, and the final narrations are analysed and compared. Subsequently, the concepts of the collective memory are taken into consideration
ANALYSIS OF ECONOMIC EVALUATION OF PROJECTS IN CITY LOGISTICS
No full textČlánek se zabývá problematikou ekonomického hodnocení projektů, které souvisí s city logistikou. Je důležité, aby při řešení logistických projektů v městském prostředí nebyla na úkor vlastní technické funkčnosti systému opomíjena jeho ekonomická stránka. Nejprve bude v rámci článku analyzováno, které z metod jednotliví autoři využívají při hodnocení projektů v city logistice. Cílem článku je následně pomocí komparativní analýzy tyto metody porovnat a nalézt jejich vhodnou kombinaci, která by zajistila co nevětší objektivitu hodnocení projektů v oblasti městské logistiky.The main purpose of the article is to observe the economic assessment of city logistics projects. It is essential that the solution of logistics projects in the urban environment does not neglect its economic side at the expense of its technical functionality. First of all, the article analyses particular methods used by different authors to evaluate city logistics projects. The aim of the article is then to compare analysed methods and find their feasible combination which will assure the most possible objective logistics project assessment in urban areas
PREFERENCES OF URBAN PUBLIC TRANSPORT USERS
No full textTento text předkládá výsledky průzkumu uživatelů městské hromadné dopravy v České republice, který se zaměřoval na hodnocení důležitosti vlastností zastávkových stanovišť městské veřejné dopravy a na důležitost různých charakteristik jízdy MHD. Obecně patří mezi nejvýše hodnocené položky ty, které se týkají čistoty, pohodlí a bezpečí. To platí jak pro zastávková stanoviště, tak i pro jízdu MHD. Tyto vlastnosti jsou důležitější pro respondenty s rostoucím věkem a vzděláním. Dále jsou mezi důležitými vlastnostmi také ty, které přispívají k efektivitě využívání MHD (spolehlivost dopravy, informovanost cestujících a možnost volby mezi spoji). Například informační tabule s aktuálními odjezdy jsou důležitější především pro starší dospělé, seniory a studenty, studenti navíc ocení také mobilní aplikaci s těmito údaji. Položky v obou inventářích a především ty, které jsou hodnoceny obecně nejvýše, nejsou tolik důležité pro respondenty, kteří MHD používají často. Pro tyto cestující je důležitá především efektivita městské hromadné dopravy, tedy celkový čas cestování. Mezi položkami, které jsou celkově hodnoceny jako méně důležité figurují položky, které se týkají bezbariérového přístupu na zastávku nebo do vozidla MHD. Tyto vlastnosti jsou však podstatně důležitější pro specifické skupiny respondentů, kterými jsou senioři, respondenti s malými dětmi a nepracující důchodci.This article presents the results of a survey of urban public transport users in the Czech Republic, which focused on evaluating the characteristics of urban PT stops and the importance of various attributes of public transport travel. In general, the highest rated items are those related to cleanliness, comfort and safety. This applies both to stops and vehicles. These attributes are more important for respondents of increasing age and education. Furthermore, among the essential types are those that contribute to the efficiency of public transport (reliability of transportation, information for passengers and the possibility of choosing between connections). While, for example, information boards with current departures are more important, especially for older adults, seniors and students, students will appreciate a mobile application with this information more. The items in both inventories, especially those rated generally the highest, are not so important for respondents who use public transport frequently. For these passengers, the efficiency of public transport, i.e. the total travel time, is essential. Among the items rated generally as less important are related to barrier-free access to a bus stop or a public transport vehicle. However, these attributes are significantly more important for specific groups of respondents: the elderly, respondents with small children and non-working pensioners
DETERMINATION OF THE OCTANE NUMBER OF AUTOMOTIVE GASOLINES BY FTIR SPECTROMETRY WITH CHEMOMETRICS
No full textThe quality of motor fuels is more and more strictly controlled in connection with many factors - users are particularly interested in the anti-knock resistance of automotive gasolines, quantitatively expressed by the value of the research octane number (RON). The paper presents FTIR spectrometry in conjunction with chemometry as an alternative method to the standardized determination of the octane number of gasoline by a research method according to ČSN EN ISO 5164. An FTIR-PLS regression model working with spectra in the range of 650–4000 cm-1 was proposed for ON prediction. With this model, a very strong dependence (R=0.996) was achieved between the predicted of octane number values and the values determined by the standardized method; the calibration error was 0.414.The quality of motor fuels is more and more strictly controlled in connection with many factors - users are particularly interested in the anti-knock resistance of automotive gasolines, quantitatively expressed by the value of the research octane number (RON). The paper presents FTIR spectrometry in conjunction with chemometry as an alternative method to the standardized determination of the octane number of gasoline by a research method according to ČSN EN ISO 5164. An FTIR-PLS regression model working with spectra in the range of 650–4000 cm-1 was proposed for ON prediction. With this model, a very strong dependence (R=0.996) was achieved between the predicted of octane number values and the values determined by the standardized method; the calibration error was 0.414
Challenges of Early Modern Diplomacy: Elizabethan Envoys to German Imperial Diets
No full textA Diet was an assembly of the Estates of the Holy Roman Empire, summoned by the Emperor to deliberate on political and judicial matters. As a multilateral forum of deliberation and communication within the Holy Roman Empire, Emperors, and Estates, Diets also attracted the attention of foreign princes, who thus sent their envoys to these Estate assemblies. Because of the variety and quantity of these foreign envoys, Diets developed into specific multilateral spaces of early modern diplomacy. The formal exclusion of the envoys from the Diets’ negotiations and meetings built up challenges and required strategies of “diplomatic” communication beyond the formal process. By comparing two envoys sent by Queen Elizabeth I (1558–1603), Christopher Mundt (1559/1566) and George Gilpin (1582), this paper shows what impact dispositive factors, such as expertise or confessional inclination, could have on an envoy’s status, his recognition by hostile and allied partners, and his assertiveness at a Diet. Furthermore, these factors mainly influenced and drove cooperation and conflict between England and the Habsburg Emperors and the Imperial Estates, and socontribute to further understanding ‘diplomatic relations’ in the 16th century