Aktuální otázky sociální politiky - teorie a praxe (E-Journal)
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Noble guests of Augustus the Strong. Habsburg nobility at military manoeuvres near Zeithain (1730)
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The manoeuvres of the Saxon army at Zeithain were remembered for their magnificence and the wealth. They were among the greatest festivities organised by Augustus the Strong and brought countless foreign guests to the military camp at Zeithain and nearby villages. Among the most prominent visitors was the King of Prussia, Friedrich Wilhelm I, with his son. But there were many others who were overshadowed by the lustre of the event. The aim of this study is to open the theme of the guests at the “Zeithainer Lustlager” with the question how many nobles and diplomats from the Habsburg Monarchy visited this prominent event.
 
Rivalry or friendship? The development of the relationship of the headquarters of the Workers’ Gymnastic Unions to other gymnastic organisations in the Czech Lands in the years 1897–1939
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The study deals with the attitude of the Workers’ Gymnastic Unions (WGUs) towards other gymnastic associations in the Czech lands. These include Sokol, Orel, the Workers’ Federation/Proletarian Physical Education Federation, and the German Arbeiter-Turn und Sportverband. The study seeks an answer to the question of whether the opinions of WGU representatives towards these associations developed on the basis of their own will or external circumstances. Political parties had an important influence on their mutual relations. Thanks to the ideological connection with the relevant gymnastic associations, we can examine whether any opinion was shaped by party ideology. We will also be interested in any change of opinion and the reason for it
Pavla SLAVÍČKOVÁ, Kamerální účetnictví a jeho vývoj na území dnešního Česka, Praha, Nakladatelství Lidové noviny 2022, 304 s. ISBN 978–80–7422–838–4.
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Centres, background, and periphery of the economic life of early modern society in the lands of the Czech Crown. On the meaning of early modern economic history
No full textThe paper evaluates the representation of early modern economic history at the 12th congress of Czech historians in Ústí nad Labem in September 2022 and responds to opinions about the current decline of the discipline of economic history and its replacement by the “new” cultural history. It emphasises the continuing importance of classical economic history and the need to enrich it with new approaches, based on complexity, a comparative approach, and interdisciplinarity. Two historiographic probes demonstrating the meaning and significance of the study of territorial economic relations in the 16th and 17th centuries are presented. The first is a microhistorical insight into the management and function of the suburban estates of the Czech nobility in the immediate vicinity of the provincial capital, Prague, at the end of the 16th century, as can be observed through the example of the small manor of Košíř, owned in the years 1585–1597 by the lords of Hradec. The second probe shows the possibilities and benefits of analysing data from contemporary tax records and lists of serfdom duties and corvées for understanding the function and status of cities and towns in the South Bohemian domain of the lords of Hradec. It describes the structure of the urban network and the hierarchy of urban settlements in the 17th century, captures the original traces of war damage, and suggests the possibility of following the trends of early modern urbanisation in the territory of the former Bechyňsko region in a long wave from the end of the Thirty Years’ War to the beginning of industrialisation and the new “industrial” urbanisation in the 19th century.The paper evaluates the representation of early modern economic history at the 12th congress of Czech historians in Ústí nad Labem in September 2022 and responds to opinions about the current decline of the discipline of economic history and its replacement by the “new” cultural history. It emphasises the continuing importance of classical economic history and the need to enrich it with new approaches, based on complexity, a comparative approach, and interdisciplinarity. Two historiographic probes demonstrating the meaning and significance of the study of territorial economic relations in the 16th and 17th centuries are presented. The first is a microhistorical insight into the management and function of the suburban estates of the Czech nobility in the immediate vicinity of the provincial capital, Prague, at the end of the 16th century, as can be observed through the example of the small manor of Košíř, owned in the years 1585–1597 by the lords of Hradec. The second probe shows the possibilities and benefits of analysing data from contemporary tax records and lists of serfdom duties and corvées for understanding the function and status of cities and towns in the South Bohemian domain of the lords of Hradec. It describes the structure of the urban network and the hierarchy of urban settlements in the 17th century, captures the original traces of war damage, and suggests the possibility of following the trends of early modern urbanisation in the territory of the former Bechyňsko region in a long wave from the end of the Thirty Years’ War to the beginning of industrialisation and the new “industrial” urbanisation in the 19th century
Daniel LEE, Esesákovo křeslo. Odhalení zločinů „obyčejného“ nacisty, Brno, CPress 2021, 247 s. ISBN 978-80-264-3318-7.
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Robert ŠIMŮNEK (red.), Historický atlas měst České republiky, sv. č. 30, Polička, Praha, Historický ústav 2019. 1 atlas (26, xv stran, 37 mapových listů). ISBN 978-80-7286-331-0; Robert ŠIMŮNEK (red.), Historický atlas měst České republiky, sv. č. 31, Jaroměř, Praha, Historický ústav 2020, 1 atlas (43, xvii stran, 45 mapových listů). ISBN 978-80-7286-355-6; Robert ŠIMŮNEK (red.), Historický atlas měst České republiky. Sv. 33. Vysoké Mýto, Praha, Historický ústav 2021, 1 atlas (53, xxi stran, 40 mapových listů). ISBN 978-80-7286-374-7; Robert ŠIMŮNEK (red.), Historický atlas měst České republiky, sv. č. 34, Dvůr Králové nad Labem, Praha, Historický ústav 2022, 1 atlas (32, xvi stran, 40 mapových listů). ISBN 978-80-7286-389-1.
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Let the Timid Speak: The Woman/Nature Metaphor in Zora Neale Hurston’s “Sweat”
No full textThis article explores Zora Neale Hurston’s short story “Sweat” (1926) from an ecofeminist perspective. When it comes to the role of nature in Hurston’s writing, ecocritical as well as feminist discussions often romanticize the role of nature in the lives of Hurston’s characters. Hurston’s short story “Sweat,” however, has generally been overlooked by ecocritics and ecofeminists, despite the fact that the story’s female protagonist Delia is repeatedly linked with nature or animals in the text. The aim of this paper is thus to examine the manner in which the main character Delia as well as her abusive husband Sykes are associated with nature, including animals, in order to critically assess the abuse Delia is subjected to. Particular attention is then devoted to three main parts of the story: Delia’s connection to her pony, the village men’s conversations and their subsequent comparison of Delia to sugar cane as well as Hurston’s reenactment of the fall from the Garden of Eden. Throughout the analysis, the focus is on the presence of dehumanization related to animalization or naturalization as well as on Hurston’s depiction of the dualistic character of the metaphors woman/nature and woman/animal along with the impact such associations have on Hurston’s characters
Jitka JONOVÁ, Kapitulní otázka olomoucká a obsazování arcibiskupského stolce v Olomouci od roku 1880 do poloviny 20.století, Brno, Centrum pro studium demokracie a kultury 2022, 212 s. ISBN 978–80–7325–550–3.
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Economic History of the Early Modern Period at the 12th Congress of Czech Historians
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The position of the study and use of 17th- and 18th-century revenue sources in contemporary historiography (with special reference to the urban environment)
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The study of tax sources for the 17th and 18th centuries is not sufficiently developed in Czech or foreign research. Czech historiography has focused most extensively on a trio of cadastres, which were used to address various questions relating to social and economic history. However, the way in which taxes were distributed among individual taxpayers in the second half of the 17th century and throughout the 18th century has not been studied. This study attempts to answer this situation by using the example of royal towns, where (in contrast to the environment of the landed estates) the functional system remained essentially medieval in origin. The cadastres prescribed tax only at the level of individual localities, not taxpayers. To this end, the amount prescribed was apportioned to the urban population by means of a system (šacuňky) which took account of the property situation of the individual taxpayers. This distribution was recorded in the books of subrepartitions. The payment capacity itself was then recorded (as in rural areas) in the so-called contribution books, where the tax official recorded the tax paid in addition to the payment obligation