Ivane Javakhishvili Tbilisi State Universit: Open Journal Systems / ივანე ჯავახიშვილის სახელობის თბილისის სახელმწიფო უნივერსიტეტი
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Perspectives of restoring the territorial integrity of Georgia from the point of view of Georgian political parties (from 2016 to 2023)
No full textFor many centuries, statehood was conditioned by territories, and today the main determinant of sovereignty is the integrity of existing territories and complete control over them. From time immemorial, the main source of conflicts has been the control over lands and societies. After the collapse of the Soviet Union, the situation was drastically different. Conflicts were mainly provoked by national disagreements. In the 1990s, a similar situation was created in the South Caucasus, including Georgia, as a result of which we are currently facing the unsolved problem of occupation. In order to fight against this, each government used different ways and strategies. This article will present the approaches and visions that political parties and their representatives consider necessary for the restoration of territorial integrity. The main strategies, which according to international experts are the most effective in such situations, are highlighted. Accordingly, the main purpose of the article is to compare local approaches and views with internationally admitted theories perspectives
Georgian political parties united in European parties
No full textFor today’s Georgia, which is waiting for the Candidate Status from the European Union, relations between Georgian political parties and European parties are of immense importance. European parties, as constituent parts of the European Parliament, represent a kind of mechanism for national political parties. Without efficient communication with the European parties, it is irrelevant to talk about whether Georgia can fully integrate into the European Union. It turns out that European parties construct certain prerequisites for national political parties to attain the ultimate goal, making Georgia a full member of the European Union. Despite the above, it is a paradox that in Georgia (Scientific Society, Civil Sector) such an urgent issue (European Parties and Georgian political parties) is only partially studied. Apart from the scientific community and the civil sector, relations with the European parties in Georgia are primarily covered by the media, although such information is largely limited. Based on this, the mentioned article will focus decisively on the history of relations between Georgian political parties and European parties and will endeavor to chronologically examine which Georgian political parties are related to European parties and, in general, what is the existing dialogue between them
The Italian Theory of a Nation and Its Influence on Georgia in 1910s
Get PDFThe political stage of modern Georgian nation-building began in 1892–1893 with the establishment of the third generation, i.e., the first Marxist unit, in Georgia. Starting in 1892, disagreements arose between proponents of the Georgian national viewpoint and Georgian Marxists due to the national question. Given that Georgia lacked independence, the restoration of autonomy and the pursuit of freedom became the primary aspirations of a segment of the political and cultural elite. To achieve this goal, this part of the political elite established a theoretical basis for the public by interpreting and analyzing European theories on nations. The periodical press played a pivotal role in Georgia as the primary medium for disseminating ideologies and theories. It was through these publications that Georgian nationalists and Marxists engaged in vibrant discussions regarding the national question, with the latter emphasizing the importance of addressing social injustices within Georgian society, despite the fact that Georgian society had been conquered. The nation in its modern form was formed within the context of Tsarist Russia. Georgian Marxists, often adopting a nihilistic stance towards the national question, considered it of secondary significance. The central research question is: what impact did the Italian theory of the nation have on the establishment of an idea of the nation in Georgia in 1910?The main aim of this study is to illustrate the impact and importance of European theories of the nation, in particular Italian theory, in the political development of the modern Georgian nation from 1893 to 1917. To achieve this goal, several tasks should be accomplished: 1) to examine and analyze Mikhako Tsereteli's conception of the nation, which is influenced by the Italian theory of the nation; 2) to analyze the influential theory of the nation developed by the Italian scholar Pasquale Stanislao Mancini himself; 3) to determine the influence of the Italian theory of the nation in Georgia in 1910; The research methodology employed involves the analysis and interpretation of secondary documents. Furthermore, in the final part of the study, a comparative approach will be adopted to examine the theories of nation proposed by Georgian and Italian authors. This research [№ PHDF-22-3237] has been supported by Shota Rustaveli National Science Foundation of Georgia (SRNSFG)
A model of open governance in a self-governing city on the example of Batumi
No full textThe steps taken in the field of open governance in Georgia are often uncoordinated and unsystematic, although there are many successful examples at the central, regional, and municipal levels. Within the framework of the research, we will focus on the analysis of the municipal level, for which the current situation in terms of the development of open governance in the self-governing unit of Batumi was studied, and a methodology for evaluating the level of development of open governance was proposed. Within the framework of the research, an assessment and analysis of the relevant basic environment was also carried out, ways of solving existing problems, development trends and recommendations were shown.The existing Georgian scientific literature on open governance is distinguished by the novelty of the issue, however, the study of the possibility of introducing open governance on a regional scale is neglected, more over it does not refer to the problems of the implementation of "open governance" on the example of the Ajara region while the main state services for the population come precisely at the regional and municipal level.The paper presents results with scientific novelty:- The research methodology for self-governing city open governance at the regional level has been developed based on quantitative and qualitative research data;- The open governance development index of the self-governing city - Batumi has also been developed and the current state of open governance development has been analyzed with qualitative indicators such as: free access to information, citizen involvement, open data, open dialogue, budget publicity, session publicity and others.- It has been revealed that the self-governing city of Batumi has made significant progress in the development of open governance, which is partly due to the fact that it is one of the self-governing units integrated in the national open governance action plans.As a result of the research, such findings were also identified, which work on, will not only help us to overcome the challenges related to the formation of principles of open governance in self-governing units, but will also become a guarantee of the development of open governance in the region.
Characteristics of Artificial Intelligence Studies
No full textScientists believe that the advancement of artificial intelligence may be just as significant to global history as the previous industrial revolutions. The aforementioned technology is advancing so quickly that research cannot keep up with it and adequately study its present development rate and potential future trends.This work aims to analyze the dynamics of changes in the scientific research activity of the indicated topic by conducting a comparative analysis of scientific papers connected to artificial intelligence published in various decades
The Issue of Education in the Pre-election Program Documents of Political Parties (2020 - 2021)
No full textAll public spheres of the modern world have faced the new Covid-19 reality, which creates problems for all fields, including the field of education. Even though online education was not a new phenomenon in the world, it was implemented in the Georgian educational space only in the spring semester of 2020. With the transition to online and hybrid learning, the traditional educational process faced a large-scale experiment, the country was not ready for a new challenge.The paper aims to study the current situation in Georgia, and the attitude of the main political entities involved in the 2020-2021 election cycle of the parliamentary and local self-governments concerning the issue of education. Based on a review of existing official documents representing the Georgian reality and analyzing the existing challenges that the country faced during the pandemic.Because of its relevance, the mentioned topic has a public character. Due to the reality created by Covid-19 in the field of education, to create a legal basis for a new form of education in Georgia, in June 2020, there was made a certain amendment in the Law on Education. Thus the Law on Education recognized distance learning as one of the forms of education.Some requirements have been identified, such as infrastructure and electronic resources, virtual mobility, and others for the implementation of blended and online learning in the educational process. Accordingly, due to the urgency of the issue, the issue of education has always occupied an important place in the pre-election documents for all political forces. As for the mentioned period, it has become one of the main challenges in the country, including in party documents
Constituent Assembly of Georgia and the Paris Peace Conference
No full textArticle about Constituent Assembly of Georgia and the Paris Peace Conferenc
Defining student protest movements and Reasons for their emergence in the scientific literature
No full textStudent protest movements are by nature an important event for any country, especially for developed or emerging countries. Student activism is most noticeable on important issues that directly affect them or have some impact on them.There are various definitions of student protests in the academic literature. In their work, researchers look at this term through examples of specific protests, so there is no single, universal definition of the term. This article examines and analyses the definitions of student protests found in the academic literature. As it turned out, when defining student protest movements, researchers focus on their idea, goals, scale, and outcomes.The review of academic literature in this article shows that students in particular have become active since the 1960s. It highlighted the reasons for student protests that were related to local university issues as well as issues that affected the whole state and society. Due to the urgency of the issue, the study of student protest movements from different aspects is valuable in the course of promoting democratic processes in any country, as civic participation and freedom of expression are important indicators of democracy.
Post-Totalitarian Nature and Regime Transition in the Republic of Armenia
No full textOne of the central subjects of comparative studies is the study of democratization in Post-Soviet states. The practice of democratic modernization of post-totalitarian states clearly showed that they did not have many important social, political, economic, cultural and spiritual prerequisites for liberal-democratic transformations, which were characteristic of Western countries.The aim of the paper is to analyze the problems of democratization in post-Soviet Armenia and to discuss the Velvet Revolution of Armenia within the framework of these problems. On the road to democratic transition in Armenia, there were many problems, such as: the unresolved conflict in Nagorno-Karabakh, the oligarchic system of government, unfair elections, the government's pressure on the media and civil society, and, of course, the non-free judicial system.The revolution of 2018 brought new hopes and perspectives after the coming to power of Nikol Pashinyan, however, the developments in Nagorno-Karabakh, the defeat experienced in the second Karabakh war and the victory of Azerbaijan, after which Aliyev declared the sovereignty of Azerbaijan to be restored, presented a severe test to the young Armenian democracy and made the contours of democratization even more blurred. in country. The loss of Nagorno-Karabakh, which the Armenian people consider part of their identity, has presented the country with many problems. Today, it is difficult to predict to what extent Armenia under the leadership of Nikol Pashinyan will be able to overcome internal and external challenges and contribute to the formation of Armenia as a democratic state
Judicial Regulation of Disciplinary Conviction and Ethical Issues in the Public Sector of Georgia
No full textEstablishing ethical standards in the public service and promoting conscientiousness in the exercise of official authority is an important prerequisite for the functioning of an objective, efficient and trustworthy public service.Together with legal norms the development of codes of ethics is a successful mechanism for ensuring an accountable, responsible and development-oriented public service in democratic states. Therefore, we can say that the success of the process of democratic transformations and the formation of the rule of law in Georgia depends significantly on the healthy and effective functioning of public institutions, which is achieved not only by creating a reasonable and fair legislative space, but also by promoting moral and ethical approaches among civil servants, state awareness and raising the culture of legal thinking.Based on the above, this study analyses the issue of the development and effectiveness of the document regulating the disciplinary responsibility of civil servants and the rules of ethics and conduct in public service in Georgia