Ivane Javakhishvili Tbilisi State Universit: Open Journal Systems / ივანე ჯავახიშვილის სახელობის თბილისის სახელმწიფო უნივერსიტეტი
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The Problem of Elaboration of the Ethical Code for the Local Self-Governance
No full textThe Problem of Elaboration of the Ethical Code for the Local Self-Governance The issue of developing the ethical code of local self-governmentThe report discusses the best foreign experience in the development and operation of codes of ethics for local and regional elected representatives, as well as analyzes the current situation inGeorgia. In particular, it discusses the extent to which ethical norms are being introduced and the quality of local governance is being improved through conscientious approaches. Qualitative content analysis and comparative analysis methods are used in the research process. The research was based on the study of official documents regarding the issue, codes of ethics, legal acts, and reports of local and international organizations
Eric Hobsbawm: "The French Revolution"
No full textGeorgian translation of chapter from Eric Hobsbawm's book "Age of Revolutions
Features of the Pre-Election Campaign in Georgia On the Example of the Parliamentary Elections of 2016
No full textPolitical parties and candidates around the world are paying more and more attention to the election campaign, during the election cycle. The pre-election campaign is usually aimed at mobilizing the voters, therefore it is necessary to communicate with the electorate in order to get the desired information to the target group in a form acceptable to them. Political communication and public relations assume the use of different approaches, however, it is necessary to select the appropriate communication strategy, through which the voter will be mobilized as much as possible by the election subject.This paper examines the factors that are being developed to mobilize voters in Georgia. The aim of the research is to determine what mechanisms and specific political promises are used by Georgian political parties to maximize the number of voters during the pre-election campaign. At the same time, Georgia, which is a country in the transition phase of democracy, the paper defines the specific factors that are emphasized during the planning of the pre-election campaign, such as personal, ideological or other factors.
Platform for Cooperation Between South Caucasus Countries and Regional Actors and Georgia
No full textDue to its important geopolitical location and economic interests, the South Caucasus has been the object of interest of various states and empires since ancient times. This rivalry was facilitated by the geopolitical location of the region and the existing significant reserves of energy resources, which became one of the most attractive spaces for regional powers especially in the Post-Cold War period. Over the centuries, the forms of international relations of the South Caucasus region have always changed, however, the aspirations of the Caucasian peoples, as well as the interests of the regional powers, remained almost unchanged.After the collapse of the Soviet Union and the restoration of independence, the countries of the South Caucasus, known for their endless ethno-political conflicts, should be actively interested in the stability of the region, which implies the active use of constructive and peace policy tools in their political agenda. Accordingly, their concern for the creation of a peace policy, as well as various cooperation initiatives proposed in order to maintain the regional stability of the Caucasus, remain relevant. Despite the variety of cooperation and peace political initiatives proposed over the years, unfortunately they did not go beyond the format of political statements and the matter never came to their implementation, because none of the existing cooperation initiatives could cover all the members of the region.The current platform of regional cooperation was put forward by the President of Turkey, Recep Erdogan, who announced this initiative during his visit to Azerbaijan. The so-called 3+3 format platform of regional cooperation aims at the cooperation of three South Caucasus countries (Armenia, Azerbaijan and Georgia) and three "big neighbors" - Russia, Turkey and Iran. The proposed 3+3 political platform initiative of the Caucasus Stability Pact received a positive response from the authorities of Azerbaijan, Iran and Armenia. According to them, the said platform of cooperation will contribute to the strengthening of cooperation between the countries involved in it in the security, economic and transport fields.The purpose of the article is to study and determine the new cooperation platform created for the purpose of maintaining regional stability and the future perspectives of its implementation. What will the proposed project bring to Georgia, what type of "benefits" or threats are associated with its alleged membership in the mentioned cooperation platform. It will also be interesting to identify the interests and expectations of regional powers in relation to the mentioned platform. Considering the partial coincidence of the regional ambitions of the regional players Russia, Turkey and Iran in relation to the South Caucasus, the 3+3 regional cooperation format is, on the one hand, a kind of facilitating mechanism for them to strengthen their influence in the South Caucasus region, and on the other hand, through the mentioned cooperation, they want to consolidate the "new reality", which was formed after a significant change in power and balance in the region
The Final Sessions of the Constituent Assembly im Batumi
No full textThe paper deals with the final sessions of the Democratic Republic of Georgia held in Batumi (15-17 March 1921). The shorthand records of the sessions enable to prove that the sessions were held with a necessary number of members and its decisions were legitimate. The decision of sending the members of the government into the emigration, taken by Noe Jordania, was the most important one on the way of struggle for restoration of state independence of Georgia. The article proves the false nature of the main argument held during the Soviet times on the suspension of the 1921 Constitution of the Democratic Republic of Georgia at the final sessions of the Constituent Assembly of the Democratic Republic of Georgia.
Key words: Democratic Republic of Georgia; Constituent Assembly; 1921 Constitution of Georgia
Black Sea in the Geopolitical Concept of Mackinder in 1919
No full text Famous British Geopolitician Halford Mackinder in his book published in 1919, “"Democratic ideals and reality" unlike to his different famous works, detailed discusses strategic role of black sea. This issue important for our country is less studied in the scientific literature.For Mackinder black sea is part of Heartland. In the historical context of the issue after discussing (the Roman Empireand the Ottoman Empire), Mackinder detailed discusses the reality existing for the beginning of the 20th century. For Russian Empire theBlack Sea, in case of owning Bosper andDardanellStrait, was a road to theMediterranean Sea, which was unacceptable for the leading European states, and forced them to unite againstRussia.Black Sea gained a great geopolitical importance forGermany, for whom it was road toMiddle East andCentral Asia.In the First World War was observed Interest of Germany inCaucasusrecourses, toward which they were moving through different ways. During the collapse of the Russian Empire, the goal of the Germans was the support of the allocated countries fromRussia, includingGeorgia, and to receive the benefit from them, which was a step towards subversion of "Heartland".Under the conditions of the post First World War reality, Mackinder most of all was concerned about possible German and Russian relationship for future. After comparing the Baltic andBlack Seahe concludes it is easier to control theBlack Seafor maritime countries, and in this way it will be possible to protect the states betweenGermanyandRussia.The concern expressed in the work that in case of war first of all the Germans will attack to theEastern Europewhich would lead their dominance overRussiaand consequently on the reaches resources of “Heartland” was real and soon it came true. Hitler's declared goal - "Vital Space in East", the Second World War turned into reality. The first country to which Hitler stroke was the East European Poland, which in Fourier’s opinion would be the corridor to conquer toRussia, according to the Mackinder to conquer “Heartland”.Today's situation is significantly different from the current or hypothetical reality described by Mackinder. Consequently, Mackinder’s analysis is important in the context of the historical review of the issue. However, theBlack Seageopolitics did not lose its actuality and should be given considerable attention to its study
Philosophical and Practical fundamentals of Artificial Intelligence
No full textThe 21st century is the age of modern technology. The evolution of digital technologies has revolutionized all areas of human activity. With the development of the Internet, have emerged, terms such as big data, blockchain technologies, e-government, etc. terms that are playing an increasingly important role in the daily lives of mankind. The emergence of new and important phenomena has led to the need to create new academic directions, although the fact that the speed of development of digital technologies exceeds the speed of development of the relevant scientific field is causing shortcoming in the research process.Due to the fact that the process of publishing scientific research and an article based on a research outcome sometimes takes years, and technological progress is becoming more and more noticeable, the scientific literature, at the moment it is published is often outdated and does not reflect the current situation.The main purpose of this article is to identify similarities and differences between the approaches to AI technology based on a comparative analysis of the latest scientific literature about artificial intelligence. Reflect on what scientific visions existed about artificial intelligence technology, how it has changed over time, and what the latest scientific approaches are.
Ways of Forming New Political Parties (2021 Local Government Elections)
No full textThe article discusses the forming ways of new political parties before the 2021 local self-governing elections on the example of five relatively successful political parties (Ana Dolidze – For People”, “For Georgia”, “Girchi – More Freedom”, “European Socialists” and “Elene Khoshtaria – Droa”). The first of these parties is an attempt by a leader to form a new party. The following four were created as a result of divisions within existing parties. Also, the importance of the leader in Georgian party politics is highlighted.The article analyzes the major program priorities of the above mentioned parties, their external orientation as EU-oriented and Pro-Russian forces as well as the transparency issue of funding and donations
Translation of D Sanders Behavioural analysis.
No full textTranslation of D Sanders Behavioural analysis
Russia's "soft power" in Georgia - economic factors
No full text"Soft power" is the best way to build power in the post space. Since Russia has to look like a "hard power", although there is no foreign vector in the South Caucasus, the goal of various propaganda tools is to achieve its goals and use different mechanisms of "soft power" for this. Among them is one of the most important economic factors, which can be decisive for the future of our country. We’d analyzed the economic direction of Russian "soft power" in Georgia. Economic independence is second proportional to the independence and development of the state. In Georgia, the more the dependence and interlinking of the economy with Russia increases, the more control over various fields.The report was prepared using the monthly method, in particular, the search for relevant literature and interviews, which content analysis was processed, as this part required an in-depth analysis. Also some in-depth interviews with industry experts and specialists.