Ivane Javakhishvili Tbilisi State Universit: Open Journal Systems / ივანე ჯავახიშვილის სახელობის თბილისის სახელმწიფო უნივერსიტეტი
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Introduction to social-ecological systems research methods (Review)
No full textThe review was prepared in accordance with the Routledge Guide to Methods for Social-Ecological Systems Research
(TV) Media Causing Division: The Case of Georgia
Get PDF This paper focuses on the electoral polarization in post-Soviet democracies, in which mass media are assigned to have great impact on political campaigns. The preparation for the elections during the election campaign was topical in every era. In the 19th century, new methods for conducting election campaigns developed in the United States. The Americanization of election campaign is distinguished with the characteristics such as special role of media in the pre-election period, political personalization, brittle ideological grounds and particular specialization of political campaign. The process of exerting influence by mass media on election campaign, which is described as political mediatization, takes the center stage of this paper. Mediatization in this context means the implementation of mass media logic within election campaigns. The election campaigns were in need of media professionals hired to navigate the campaign’s strategy. With the emergence of campaign advisors, emerged the term ,,Mediatization.” For the beginning of 1990s in Georgia, after 70 years of soviet governance, the first steps on the way of statehood had been made. In the post-Soviet Georgia, multiparty and competitive elections gave opportunity to the political parties to use foreign experience in the term of political campaign. The aim of the work is to examine the tendencies of Mediatization of election campaign in Georgia from 2012 to 2021. In accordance with the research hypothesis, weak institutionalization of party system creates a favorable ground for a Mediatization of political campaign. In the research process characteristics of political mediatization existing in post-Soviet Georgia had been analyzed. Qualitative research methods have been utilized during the study, namely: a) Expert interviews with journalists and political consultants; b) In-depth interviews with representatives of political parties; c) In-depth interviews with selected electorate. Qualitative research methods were chosen for the work because the aim is to understand the tendencies of Mediatization of election campaign in Georgia from the point of view of respondents. Qualitative methods are more open and look more descriptions, by gathering responses like these it is possible to gain a deeper understanding of the subject.
50 Years of Experience in Environmental Issues (Georgian Reality)
No full textThe debate on environmental issues has gained significant momentum in recent years for scholars in international politics and relations, environmental policy, and international law; It has become the main challenge for international negotiators and environmental policy makers.In recent years, despite the challenges of the new covid-19, the world has been actively involved in one of the most important goals of sustainable development - tackling the challenges of environmental and climate issues. The current year 2022, as the 50th anniversary of the Environment Day, calls for a number of initiatives and unites the peoples of the world to support the protection of the environment, to protect our planet.Georgia works closely with international organizations in various areas of the environment to improve the management of biodiversity, waste and water resources to improve the quality of life and health of its people
The Narratives of Development and State-Building in the Post-Revolution Period (The Case of Batumi City)
No full textThe concept of development, which has become the leitmotif of our times, is expressed in the way every political decision, institution building or policy agenda is made. This article is an attempt to examine the political narratives of development in the post-Rose Revolution period, using the city of Batumi as an example, and to outline what kind of political project was based on the vision of the development of state building in the post-revolutionary period. The article uses the methodology of critical discourse analysis and, through the discussion of individual discourses, shows how the affirmation of political modernity as a development and state-building project looks like on the example of Batumi and what basic ideas are included in the chosen direction of development. The political discourses are analyzed in the article in relation to the spatial and temporal concepts of political modernity
Why did Russia allow the second Nagorno-Karabakh war? Comparing the conflicts in South Ossetia and Nagorno-Karabakh
Get PDFThe purpose of the study is to analyze the ongoing ethnic tensions in the South Caucasus. The study compares the neighbouring Georgian-Ossetian conflict in South Ossetia and the Armenian-Azerbaijani conflict in the Nagorno-KarabakhIt is considered, that Russia is manipulating ethnic conflicts in the neighbourhood as a strategic aspect of its regional policy. The purpose of the article below is to analyze the last two South Caucasus conflicts, where one claims that Russia is trying to repress the foreign aspirations of the ‘’defeated’’ parties, Armenia and Georgia
Theories of the Austro-Marxist nation discussed by Mikhako Tsereteli ("Nation and Mankind“)
No full textThe period 1893–1917 is significant in the formation of the modern Georgian nation, as it marks the transition from a cultural to a political phase. Focusing on European culture was an important way of forming national solidarity at the time. Even though Georgia was not an independent state, the Georgian intelligentsia saw continued cultural contact with the European world as a means of achieving independence. The first sociological study, "Nation and Mankind" published at the turn of the twentieth century, allows us to investigate European theories of the nation in Georgia. One of the book's chapters is entirely devoted to the theories of the nation. Knowing these theories gives us a clear picture of the thinkers on whom Mikhako Tsereteli relied and criticized to define the concept of nation and the national problem. The Austro-Marxist nation theories he discusses are especially noteworthy because the views of the Austro-Marxists were also popular among other supporters of the Georgian national position during the political phase of the nation's formation. Secondary research and content analysis are used in this qualitative research.
European theories of the nation discussed by Mikhako Tsereteli (“Nation and Mankind”) ••
No full textGeorgia's socioeconomic problems were accompanied by the issue of independence from 1893 to 1917. Georgia was a part of the Russian Empire, and thus the political events in Russia had an impact on Georgian reality. To restore and consolidate national unity, a segment of Georgia's political elite chose a policy oriented toward Europe, with the concepts of the nation developed by famous European authors serving as a theoretical foundation. Mikhako Tsereteli's 1910 book "Nation and Mankind," in which the author distinguishes all the European nation's concepts that were relevant in Georgia and had a certain influence on him, is a way to study the theories of the European nation that had an influence in Georgia between 1893 and 1917. Secondary research and content analysis are used in this qualitative research. This research [№ PHDF-22-3237] has been supported by Shota Rustaveli National Science Foundation of Georgia (SRNFG)
Ukrainian Lobby in the US during the Russian-Ukrainian War
No full textAfter the outbreak of the war with Russia, Ukraine's relations with the United States of America have become especially important.Ukrainetries, with the help of American lobbyists, to reduce Russian propaganda and receive Western military aid.My research question is about the type of lobbying campaignUkraineis running in theUnited Statesto resistRussia. Parallel toRussia's invasion ofUkraine,Ukraine, in our opinion, has significantly increased the scope of its lobbying activities in theUnited States.Since 1992,Ukrainehas used the services of American lobbying firms. Since then, 68 contracts have been signed between various lobbying firms andUkraine, according to Fara data. IfUkrainehired four lobbying firms to protect its interests in theUnited Statesin 2021, there are fifteen such firms in 2022.IfUkraineused its lobbying activities to increase the state's economic and energy potential and to positively directUSforeign policy until 2022, the tasks assigned to lobbyists from 2022 onward are: blocking Nord Stream 2, receiving military aid, reducing Russian propaganda, and joining NATO
Comprehending the National-Democratic Ideology in Georgia (1918-1921)
No full textThe paper deals with the essays published in the Georgian press of 1917-1921 on the national-democratic ideology in Georgia. The comprehension of the conception of the national democracy inGeorgiawas actualized in the Spring, 1917, after the creation of the National-Democratic Party. The national democracy is the form of the national ideology, that tries to distance itself from the right-wing non-democratic parties on the one hand and from the left-wing social-democratic parties on the other hand. The new wave of reflection on the national-democratic ideology started in January, 1921, when all non-socialist democratic parties and groups ofGeorgiawere united and the Democratic Party of Georgia was formed. Although, the War of February-March, 1921 and the occupation of Georgia by the Red Army of Russia, which was followed by the establishment of the Communist totalitarian regime and the annexation of the country, stopped the democratic development of Georgia and the entire political spectrum came under severe repressions.
The 1924 Uprising in Secondary Education Textbooks (1991-2022)
No full textNot much was written about the 1924 uprising in Georgia during the Soviet period. This was reported as a "Menshevik adventure". Talking about the true history of the rebellion largely started after the restoration of independence, and relevant materials appeared in school textbooks from this period as well.The report is based on the content analysis of school history textbooks published after the restoration of independence of Georgia. Attention is focused on the volume of material and presented documents. The main facts are highlighted - about what the authors of the textbooks pay special attention when discussing the mentioned issue