Universal Journal of Pharmaceutical Research
Not a member yet
705 research outputs found
Sort by
Message
Get PDFToday, the world is seeking for solutions to the various health challenges affecting social and economic status of individual, cooperate organization and the government. No doubt, Universal Journal of Pharmaceutical Research (UJPR) continues to make remarkable strides in sciences, allied sciences, and especially pharmaceutical related, exploring marine organisms, bacteria, and plants, for there medicinal potentials in disease and health management.Our appreciation goes to all authors and the editorial team for the achievements UJPR has made in publishing up to volume 9 issue 5. This is a testament of the resilience, cooperation, hard work, and thoroughness in the process of manuscript handling through peer review to publication. At nine, UJPR has formed a solid foundation via visibility to global readership through open access and the current indexing services such as cross ref, American Chemical Society, ROAD, Sherpa Romeo, EZB, ZDB, WIKIDATA, OPENALEX, FATCAT, and other academic and education platforms such Research gate and Google scholar. Concerted efforts are ongoing in making sure UJPR is Scopus indexed. This goal surely will be achieved in no time as more ground-breaking research are published in UJPR host, resulting in greater accessibility, visibility, global readership, and increased citation of our published contents. UJPR has over the years supported the screening and discovery of plant-based chemicals possessing medicinal properties and onward drug design synthesized in the lab by standardized methods and techniques for health management. As a follow up, a promising and impactful area with health driven solution in drug discovery and design in the exploration of plant/natural products-based, using computer aided techniques is emerging. This emerging area is an open area for interdisciplinary collaboration for novel, innovative and ground breaking drug discovery and design, with possible patenting. Such collaboration may include the natural products chemists, biochemists, pharmacists, bioinformatics, pharmacologists, computer scientists, microbiologists, etc. Drug discovery and design to commercially available products involve a complex process of collaborative efforts. In drug design by docking, a hit chemical compoundscreened from a library of other chemical compounds, which has a higher or same binding affinity (kcal/mol) with a standard (synthetic) drug, and fits to a specific pocket(active site) on a protein target, with chemical and geometrical stability is selected.
A quick mention of the immerse contribution of UJPR to knowledge reveals the journal’s focus in publishing quality articles, keeping a track record of the rigorous and seamless manuscript review process. Authors and reviewers are applauded for keeping to the article-making-process, and are encouraged to continue in upholding to the journal’s standard. As authors, a provoking and challenging concern is engaging in research with solution driven, leaving a mark in the sands of time, with real-life applications.
We earnestly aspire to be globally recognizedamong the top-ranking publishing journal, with high impact factor, and continue to encourage authors across the continents of the world to consider sending their manuscript to UJPR for consideration, and possible publication in our subsequent volumes and issues
PREVALENCE AND RISK FACTORS ASSOCIATED WITH HEPATITIS B VIRUS INFECTION AMONG ONCOLOGY PATIENTS
Get PDFBackground and aims: Hepatitis B virus (HBV) screening for patients with newly diagnosed solid cancer is not standard practice in oncology, and authorities disagree on whether complete screening should be carried out. Additionally, research on the risk factors for HBV infection in this patient population may differ from that in the general population. Therefore, estimating the prevalence of HBV and risk factors for HBV infection in individuals with recently diagnosed solid cancer was the study's goal.
Subjects and methods: Newly diagnosed cancer patients at the oncology center of Al-Jumhori Hospital in Sana'a, are included in this cross-sectional study. A regular questionnaire created specifically for this study was used to gather data, which included demographic information, risk factors, cancer type, and test findings. Using an ELISA assays for HB surface antigen and HB Core IgG anti-antibodies were conducted.
Results: The study analyzed 300 cancer patients with HBV testing, with a mean age of 42.9 years and a sex distribution of 37.6% men and 62.4% women. The crude HBV prevalence was 5%, with females having a higher prevalence. The study found no significant association between age, rural residency, married status, blood transfusion frequency, or blood sources with HBV risk. No association was found between under treatment chemotherapy and HBV infection.
Conclusions: This study examines the frequency of HBV infections in patients with solid tumors for the first time in Yemen. Our study found that the nationwide prevalence of HBV was higher in cancer patients than in the broad population.
Peer Review History:
Received 15 October 2024; Reviewed 7 November; Accepted 21 December; Available online 15 January 2025
Academic Editor: Dr. A.A. Mgbahurike, University of Port Harcourt, Nigeria, [email protected]
Reviewers:
Dr. Sheikh Abdul Khaliq, Department of Pharmacy Practice, Faculty of Pharmacy, Hamdard University, Karachi, Pakistan, [email protected]
Dr. Taiwo O Elufioye, University of Ibadan, Nigeria, [email protected]
DETERMINATION OF TANNIN CONTENT AND ANTIBACTERIAL ACTIVITY OF CHROMOLAENA ODORATA L.
Get PDFAims and objectives: To ascertain the antibacterial capability using TLC-bioautography and the tannin content using the UV-Vis spectrophotometric method in the ethanol extract of kopasanda (Chromolaena odorata L.) leaves.
Methods: Tannins quantitatively utilizing the UV-Vis spectrophotometric technique using the folin ciocalteu reagent at a wavelength of up to 687 nm. Antibacterial potential against gastrointestinal infection-causing bacteria (Salmonella typhi, Vibrio cholerae, Escherichia coli, and Shigella dysentriae) is assessed using TLC-bioautography technique.
Results: The tannin content of the ethanol extract of kopasanda leaves (Chromolaena odorata L.) is 41.9064±0.26 mgTAE/g extract. Escherichia coli, Shigella dysentriae, Salmonella typhi, and Vibrio cholerae, respectively, create inhibitory zones in the antibacterial potential test that yields 7, 8, 8, and 7 stains. Tannins, flavonoids, alkaloids, and saponins are believed to be among the chemicals found in the TLC results obtained with stain spraying reagents 1, 3, 5, and 4, respectively.
Conclusions: The average tannin concentration of the ethanol extract of kopasanda leaves (Chromolaena odorata L.) is 41.9064±0.26 mgTAE/g extract, and it has antibacterial properties against germs that cause gastrointestinal illnesses.
Peer Review History:
Received 22 September 2024; Reviewed 3 November; Accepted 15 December; Available online 15 January 2025
Academic Editor: Dr. Amany Mohamed Alboghdadly, Ibn Sina National College for Medical Studies in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia, [email protected]
Reviewers:
Dr. Robert Tungadi, State University of Gorontalo, Indonesia, [email protected]
Dr. Rawaa Souhil Al-Kayali, Aleppo University, Syria, [email protected]
FORMULATION AND EVALUATION OF ANTIBACTERIAL ACTIVITY OF EMULGEL PREPARATION CONTAINING MUNTINGIA CALABURA L. LEAVES EXTRACT
Get PDFBackground and aims: Acne develops due to the obstruction of pilosebaceous follicles by accumulated sebum, keratinocytes, and microbial colonization Certain secondary metabolites from plants possess anti-acne properties, including karsen (Muntingia calabura L.). This study aims to formulate and evaluate the anti-acne activity of an emulgel against Propionibacterium acnes. The ethanolic extract from Muntingia calabura L. leaves was used in the formulation.
Methods: The extraction process was carried out using maceration. The ethanolic extract of karsen was utilized as the active ingredient in the emulgel formulation. The emulgel was evaluated based on its organoleptic properties, homogeneity, pH, emulsion type, spreadability, and adhesion. The antibacterial activity was assessed through an in vitro antibacterial assay.
Results: The extraction yield was 10.8%. The extract contained flavonoids, tannins, and saponins. The formulated emulgel had a semi-solid consistency, a brownish-green color, a distinct odor characteristic of Muntingia calabura L. leaves, and was homogeneous. It had a pH range of 4.87–5.40, an oil-in-water (O/W) emulsion type, a spreadability of 5.1–5.8 cm, and an adhesion time of 3.26–4.36 seconds. The formulation exhibited anti-acne activity against Propionibacterium acnes, with the highest inhibitory activity observed at a concentration of 12%.
Conclusions: The ethanolic extract from M. calabura L. leaves can be successfully formulated into a stable emulgel. The formulated emulgel exhibits antibacterial activity against Propionibacterium acnes.
Peer Review History:
Received 3 February 2025; Reviewed 9 March 2025; Accepted 22 April; Available online 15 May 2025
Academic Editor: Dr. Ahmad Najib, Universitas Muslim Indonesia, Indonesia, [email protected]
Reviewers:
Dina Abd Elfattah Eldakhs, Pharos university (PUA), Egypt, [email protected]
Aya Mohammed Mohammed Essawy, MTI University- Mokattam, Egypt, [email protected]
DESIGN, FORMULATION, AND IN-VITRO CHARACTERIZATION OF LIPID-BASED NANO-BILOSOMAL VESICLES OF LOVASTATIN
Get PDFObjective: This research work aims to develop the bilosomal vesicles for the delivery of lovastatin (LVS), a lipid-lowering agent known for its poor aqueous solubility and low absorption, which presents a major challenge in drug delivery and development. This study examinesthe potential of Bilosomes as an innovative vesicular drug delivery system to overcome these issues and limitations with LVS and enhance its therapeutic effectiveness.
Methods: Preliminary studies were conducted to determine the suitable lipid, non-ionic surfactant, and bile salt components and their levels for bilosomal system development. Fifteen formulae were obtained by adopting a Box-Behnken surface design using Design Expert software, prepared using the thin film hydration technique, and characterized in terms of entrapment efficiency (EE%), vesicle size (VS), zeta potential (Zp), and cumulative in-vitro release % after 72 hours. The developed LVS-loaded bilosomal formulations were then optimized through the analysis of the characterization results to predict the optimized formula.
Results: The maximum wavelength of LVS was determined at 238 nm after UV scanning, and the calibration curve constructed for LVS in dissolution medium showed a strong linear relationship between absorbance and concentration over the range of 2.5 to 20 µg/ml. The saturation solubility of LVS in Sorenson’s phosphate buffer (pH 7.4) containing 1% Sodium Lauryl Sulphate (SLS) was significantly enhanced (2.3 mg/ml) compared to its intrinsic solubility in pure water (0.0013 mg/ml), confirming that it was the best dissolution medium for the study. All Box-Behnken developed LVS-loaded bilosomal formulae exhibited high entrapment efficiencies (EE%), nano-size vesicles with polydispersity index (PDI) values, ranging from 0.218±0.006 to 0.495±0.028 indicating uniform size distribution, negative zeta potential (ZP) values ranging mV suggesting good stability, and cumulative release profile ranging from 19.89±0.049% to 43.27±0.024 % revealing sustained release patterns.
Conclusions: This research paper employed Sorenson’s phosphate buffer (pH 7.4) containing 1% SLS as a good dissolution medium for LVS in which it showed greater solubility, and highlights the potentials of LVS-loaded Bilosomes with high EE%, vesicular nano-size, negative zeta potential values, and sustained release patterns as efficient drug delivery system for enhancing the solubility and stability of poorly water-soluble drugs such as LVS.
Peer Review History:
Received 6 February 2025; Reviewed 11 March 2025; Accepted 21 April; Available online 15 May 2025
Academic Editor: Dr. Ali Abdullah Al-yahawi, Al-Razi university, Department of Pharmacy, Yemen, [email protected]
Reviewers:
Dr. Ali Awad Allah Ali Moh. Saeed, National University, Sudan, [email protected]
Dr. Ali Abdullah A. Al-Mehdar, University of Basrah, Iraq, [email protected]
EOSINOPHILS IN SICKLE CELL ANEMIA: EMERGING MOLECULAR MECHANISMS AND CLINICAL IMPLICATIONS
Get PDFSickle cell anemia (SCA) is a genetic hemoglobinopathy characterized by defective hemoglobin S, which results in sickle-shaped red blood cells. Chronic inflammation, endothelial dysfunction, and repeated vaso-occlusive crises (VOC) characterize the condition, all of which contribute considerably to morbidity and mortality. The purpose of this paper is to elucidate potential molecular pathways and interactions involving eosinophils in the context of SCA severity. A thorough literature analysis was done to collect existing evidence on the molecular interactions of eosinophils in inflammatory disorders, with an emphasis on their probable involvement in SCA. The findings indicate that eosinophils may contribute to SCA severity via several routes. Eosinophil degranulation produces cytotoxic proteins such major basic protein (MBP) and eosinophil peroxidase (EPO), which can increase oxidative stress and endothelial damage. Furthermore, eosinophils interact with adhesion molecules, causing vascular inflammation and aiding in the attachment of sickled red blood cells to the endothelium. Eosinophils appear to play multiple roles in the pathogenesis of SCA, including inflammation, oxidative stress, and endothelial dysfunction. While direct studies on eosinophils in SCA are sparse, the molecular insights gained from this review indicate their possible role in disease severity.
Peer Review History:
Received 8 February 2025; Reviewed 6 March 2025; Accepted 19 April; Available online 15 May 2025
Academic Editor: Dr. Amany Mohamed Alboghdadly, Ibn Sina National College for Medical Studies in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia, [email protected]
Reviewers:
Dr. Areen Alshweiat, University of Szeged, Hungary, [email protected]
Dr. Asia Selman Abdullah, University of Basrah, Iraq, [email protected]
Message
Get PDFIt is with great enthusiasm that I extend my greetings to the esteemed readers, authors, and reviewers of the Universal Journal of Pharmaceutical Research (UJPR). As a platform dedicated to the global exchange of pharmaceutical knowledge, UJPR continually seeks to empower innovation, scientific rigor, and interdisciplinary collaboration across the pharmaceutical sciences. Our mission is to cultivate a dynamic environment for the publication of high-quality research that addresses contemporary healthcare challenges, advances drug development, and promotes evidence-based clinical practices. By upholding a transparent and thorough peer-review process, we ensure that each published article contributes meaningfully to scientific progress and public health.
We deeply value the trust and dedication of our research community, whose scholarlycontributions and critical insights are vital to the journal’s success. I encourage researchers from all areas of pharmacy and biomedical sciences to share their original findings, reviews, and perspectives, reinforcing our shared goal of scientific excellence.
Thank you for your continued support. We are honored to serve as a beacon for scholarly communication and look forward to further advancing pharmaceutical research together.Warm regards
INTERPRETABLE BINARY CLASSIFICATION MODELS USING XAI AND FEW DESCRIPTORS FOR PREDICTING BLOOD-BRAIN BARRIER PERMEABILITY OF PHARMACEUTICAL COMPOUNDS BASED ON RESAMPLING, CLUSTERING, AND MACHINE LEARNING METHODS
Get PDFBackground: Designing pharmaceutical compounds to treat brain diseases, or drugs that interact with biological targets in peripheral organs without penetrating the blood-brain barrier, remains a very difficult task. It is evident that animal models are costly and unproductive; therefore, the pharmaceutical industries and/or regulatory bodies need reliable, accurate and interpretable predictive tools to assess the permeability of pharmaceutical compounds across the blood-brain barrier.
Method: This study proposes the development of artificial intelligence models characterized by greater accuracy and enhanced explanatory capacity, in the context of binary classification of blood-brain barrier permeability of drug candidate compounds. By applying a resampling approach and clustering technique, we developed five distinct artificial intelligence models support vector machine, k-nearest neighbor, classification and regression decision tree, random forest, and gradient boosting machine using only 10 molecular descriptors and a dataset of 1,726 molecular observations (comprising 1,000 originals and 726 synthetic compounds).
Results: Of all the models evaluated, Gradient Boosting Machine had the best 10-fold cross-validation statistics, achieving prediction accuracy (Q), MCC and AUC of 91.04%, 0.82 and 1.0 on the external test set respectively. The gradient boosting machine outputs are explained using Shapley additive explanation approach. This method allows the main modelling descriptors involved in predicting blood-brain barrier permeability to be ranked in order of importance.
Conclusion: Non-animal predictive models were designed to determine whether pharmaceutical compounds can penetrate the blood–brain barrier. The proposed model reached a reliable level of accuracy sufficient to prove extremely useful for virtual screening of large pharmaceutical compounds libraries. It revealed two key indicators for predictions: spatial distribution of atomic charges and electronegativity.
Peer Review History:
Received 3 August 2025; Reviewed 11 September 2025; Accepted 17 October; Available online 15 November 2025
Academic Editor: Dr. Amany Mohamed Alboghdadly, Ibn Sina National College for Medical Studies in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia, [email protected]
Reviewers:
Prof. Hassan A.H. Al-Shamahy, Sana'a University, Yemen, [email protected]
Dr. Adebayo Gege Grace Iyabo, University of Ibadan, Nigeria, [email protected]
EFFICACY OF METHANOL EXTRACT OF OCIMUM GRATISSIMUM IN MODULATING PROSTATE SIZE, ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY, AND HISTOPATHOLOGY IN TESTOSTERONE INDUCED BENIGN PROSTATE HYPERPLASIA IN MALE ALBINO RATS
Get PDFBackground: Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia (BPH) is a common condition in aging men, caused by the non-cancerous enlargement of the prostate, frequently linked to oxidative stress and impaired prostate function.
Aim: This study evaluates the effectiveness of methanol extract of Ocimum gratissimum in modulating pathological markers in testosterone-induced BPH in male wistar rats.
Methods: A total of 36 rats were allocated into six experimental groups: normal control, BPH control (testosterone-induced), and four treatment groups receiving different doses of Ocimum gratissimum extract (200, 400, and 600 mg/kg) and a standard treatment (finasteride, 5 mg/kg). BPH was induced by administering subcutaneous testosterone propionate (3 mg/kg) for 14 days.
Results: The results revealed that the extract significantly reduced prostate size and weight in a dose-dependent manner. Additionally, Ocimum gratissimum extract demonstrated potent antioxidant effects by increasing catalase (CAT) activity and decreasing malondialdehyde (MDA) levels, markers of oxidative stress, In comparison to the BPH control group. The extract also improved serum lipid profiles, with significant reductions in total cholesterol, triglycerides, and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) reduction, while enhancing high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) levels and histopathological improvements, including reduced inflammation and hyperplasia.
Conclusions: The findings support the therapeutic potential of Ocimum gratissimum in managing BPH by alleviating prostate enlargement, improving antioxidant defenses, reducing oxidative stress, and modulating lipid profiles. The results suggest that Ocimum gratissimum may offer a natural alternative or adjunct to conventional therapies for managing BPH and related complications. Further research is needed to investigate the underlying mechanisms of action.
Peer Review History:
Received 11 December 2024; Reviewed 6 January 2025; Accepted 14 February; Available online 15 March 2025
Academic Editor: Dr. Amany Mohamed Alboghdadly, Ibn Sina National College for Medical Studies in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia, [email protected]
Reviewers:
Dr. Nagalingam Varnakulenthiren, Siddha Medicine, Unit of Siddha Medicine, Trincomalee Campus, EUSL, Sri Lanka, [email protected]
Dr. Nazim Hussain, North East Frontier Technical University, Arunachal pradesh, India, [email protected]
SLU-PP-332 AND RELATED ERRα AGONISTS: A FOCUSED MINIREVIEW OF METABOLIC REGULATION, AND THERAPEUTIC POTENTIAL
Get PDFThe global burden of metabolic disorders, including obesity and type 2 diabetes, necessitates innovative therapeutic strategies. SLU-PP-332, a synthetic agonist of estrogen-related receptor α (ERRα), has emerged as a promising exercise mimetic, demonstrating preclinical efficacy in enhancing mitochondrial biogenesis, insulin sensitivity, and energy expenditure. This brief review synthesizes current knowledge on SLU-PP-332 and related ERRα agonists, highlighting their molecular mechanisms, preclinical outcomes, translational challenges, and ethical considerations. ERRα activation by SLU-PP-332 upregulates peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator 1-alpha (PGC-1α), driving fatty acid oxidation and mimicking exercise-induced metabolic adaptations. However, pan-ERR activity raises concerns about off-target effects such as cardiac hypertrophy and hepatotoxicity. Despite robust preclinical data, clinical translation remains hindered by the absence of human trials and undefined long-term safety. Future research must prioritize isoform-selective agonist design, rigorous clinical validation, and equitable access frameworks.
Peer Review History:
Received 2 April 2025; Reviewed 18 May 2025; Accepted 23 June; Available online 15 July 2025
Academic Editor: Dr. Marwa A. A. Fayed, University of Sadat City, Egypt, [email protected]
Reviewers:
Dr. Hasniza Zaman Huri, University of Malaya Medical Centre, Kuala Lumpur, [email protected]
Dr. Heba M. Abd El-Azim, Damanhour University, Egypt, [email protected]