Berkala Arkeologi (E-Journal)
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SISTEM PERTAHANAN JEPANG DI JAWA STUDI BERDASARKAN TINGGALAN GUA JEPANG DI BANYUMAS, JAWA TENGAH
No full textTowards mid of 20th century Indonesia was not yet fully freed from suffering, particularly the Japanese occupation. During the period of 3 years, from 1942 to 1945 Japan seized Indonesia. First they landed in is East Kalimantan. From here they occupied the entire archipelago. To defend the territory, the built numerous fortress called bunker. The term often used to refer to Japanese Caves. Japanese bunker and Japanese caves are different. Bunkers were made of a mixture of cement, stone, and sand, while the cave were made by drilling holes in the hills horizontally, the entire Japanese defense system in Banyumas are caves. By observing Japanese caves, particularly in Banyumas, we can learn about the defense system elaborated by the Japanese in Java during their occupation
PENANGGALAN 14C UNTUK MENENTUKAN UMUR PELAPUKAN TANAH DENGAN METODE RADIOKARBON
No full textRadiocarbon dating is a tool for age determination of a carbon sample. During the time, synthesis benzene method is used for age determination mentioned. By this method it could be analyzed one sample per day only with high material cost. Lately, it has been developed a new method, namely CO2 absorption method. The latest method is often called as direct counting CO2, because radioisotope of 14C in CO2 is counted directly and converted to age. The aim of the development and the use of the method are supporting some research in isotope hydrology, oceanography, climatology, geology, and archeology by faster, economic and practice. The result of 14C analyses for the same sample using the CO2 absorption when compared to the synthesis benzene method is relatively equal
KOTA LAMA SEMARANG SITUS SEJARAH YANG TERPINGGIRKAN
No full textThe existence of Semarang city as a trading town on the north coast of Java had been going on since the founding of Old Mataram Kingdom and continues to grow, until the period of Dutch colonial rule. The rapid development as a city of Semarang in the Dutch colonial period was marked by the establishment of the buildings at the site which is now called Semarang Old Town. Most of these buildings serve as offices and private VOC trade. Over time, Semarang became not only a trading center but it evolved into a gemeente (municipality), up to the present period. Nevertheless, there seems to be lack of interest in making the history of Semarang as a subject in teaching history at the local level, especially in educational circles, as the subject matter in teaching history. As a source of considerable historical importance, there is nothing wrong if a teacher of History, especially in the city of Semarang, making the Old City as a source of learning for students in the city of Semarang. Therefore the existence of sites as well as historical buildings in the city of Semarang is should no longer simply regarded as old buildings that have without meaning. And at least it will foster public awareness of Semarang city, especially among students to participate in regard to keep the existence of the Old Town and make it as an asset of History and Tourism in the city of Semarang
MODEL TRANSFORMASI SAMPAH CANGKANG KERANG DI PERMUKIMAN KAWASAN PESISIR WATUKARUNG, PACITAN: STUDI ETNOARKEOLOGI
No full textEcofact is a key for investigating mode of adaptation. Ecofact that commonly found on archaeological sites especially on inhabited caves were shell deposits. Fundamentally, the formation of archaeological record was resulted from behavioral processes and transformational processes. However, the problem is that we can’t observe them, because those aspects had occurred in past time. Etnoarchaeological study can be used to solve those problems. Ethnoarchaeology studies have given contribution to interpret various aspects of human life of the past, starting from issues related to the technological and tools systems, subsistence, social systems, and processes of transformation. Therefore, this ethnoarchaeological research investigates behavioral system of coastal community who has collected, consumed, and discarded sea shells. The result of this research can be used as a model from formation processes of sea shell ecofact
LEPRA PADA SISA RANGKA MANUSIA DARI LEWOLEBA: RELEVANSINYA TERHADAP SEJARAH PENGHUNIAN INDONESIA
No full textLeprosy is a chronic, mildly communicable disease of man which primarily affects the skin, mucous membranes, peripheral nerves, eyes, bones and testes due to Mycobacterium leprae. Some researches show the evidence of leprosy spread worldwide in recent human history. Therefore, it is important to put leprosy’s case on the map to build broader knowledge, not only about the spread of leprosy, but also about human dispersal. The aim of the present study is to detect the M.leprae from ancient population in order to know its relevance to the peopling of Indonesia. Macroscopic method was performed based on Ortner method and Aufderheide and Rodriguez-Martin method to identify leprosy on the cranium of Lewoleba specimen (LLI/5), from Lembata Island, Indonesia. The antiquity of Lewoleba specimen is 2990+/-160BP. The results of the macroscopic method show that the specimen has suffered from leprosy in her lifetime. Some researchers concluded that emergence of leprosy related to human migration, in term of modern human dispersal, some researchers proved that the spread of leprosy worldwide consistent with the source of modern human (East Africa) and the spread of leprosy is also fit with the pattern of modern human dispersal. This fact provides an important clue how the M. leprae spread worldwide. Because the leprosy spread through human migration, this means also that leprosy could be infected the ancient people of Indonesia. This is because Indonesia was one of modern human migration's rout
WADAH DARI TEMPURUNG KELAPA DI DALAM PERAHU PUNJULHARJO
No full textContainer is one of man’s living tools which has a function where everything hard or soft, fluid or certain seeds will be placed. Based on its function, container uses spesific materials like clay, leaves and fruits which have big and strong seeds. In ancient Punjulharjo ship located in Kabupaten Rembang, Central Java, it was found a container made of coconut shell. In the livinghood of some ancient traditional communities, the containers are still used to spport their daily activities. This fact could reveal the time when it had been by the ancestors
STONE VATS (KALAMBAS) AS ONE OF MEGALITHIC REMAINS IN THE LORE VALLEY, CENTRAL SULAWESI
No full textThe province of Central Sulawesi, particulariy Lore Valley that is part of Poso Regency, is rich in cultural remains from the period when the megalithic tradition flourished. The remains include among others kalamba (stone vats), megalithic statues, stone mortars, pitted stones, engraved stones, and clay jars.
The Lore Valley area consists of Bada, Besoa, and Napu smaller valleys. Here, there are scatter of very specific cultural items rarely found in other parts of Indonesia, which are locally known as kalamba (stone vats). Stone vats are usually functioned as burial containers. Excavations reveals that stone vats were communal and secondary burials. C-14 dating shows that one of the sites at Besoa Valley, Entovera Site, has been inhabited since 2170 BP. This makes Entovera Site one of the oldest megalithic sites in Indonesia. Outside Central Sulawesi, megalithic burials resemble to kalamba are found in Sarawak, North around Lake Toba (North Sumatra), Donggo, (West Nusa Tenggara), Mekong Valley (Laos), and Assam (to the northwest of Cachar Mountains in India)
KOMPLEKS MAKAM KUNA DI DESA LORAM KULON POSISI DAN KRONOLOGI SITUS DALAM KERANGKA SEJARAH KOTA KUDUS
No full textThe new discovery of an old graveyard in Kiringan hamlet, Loram Kulon village, Jati subdistrict, Kudus regency, Central Java province adds another Islamic site to the long list of Islamic sites found around the old city of Kudus. This paper discusses the temporal and functional dimensions of this graveyard in the history of Kudus area. Considering some available evidence, it is proposed here that chronologically, the site can be dated back to a period around early 16" — mid 18" century. It is also suggested that this graveyard was as a public cemetery for common people who lived around Loram Kulon village. However, who were buried there are still unknown due to the lack of epitaph or inscription found in the tombs
GAMBAR CADAS KALIMANTAN TIMUR: SATU BUKTI SENI LUKIS KUTAI PURBA
No full textArt including painting is an element of culture. Therefore art also becomes an object of archaeological research. Rock art paintings found in prehistoric caves in Kutai Timur regency of East Kalimantan Province are categorized as art paintings of prehistoric era. In prehistoric archaeology, arts and religion were difficult to be separated. Rock art paintings should be analized by religion approach and arts approach as well
BENTUK DAN VARIASI KUBUR MEGALITIK DI PEGUNUNGAN SELATAN JAWA
No full textMegalithic is one of cultures based on religious concept. This particular concept had entered and developed sporadically in various regions in Indonesia for long time. Eventhough they were based on a same concept, but each had been expressed differently. One of them is represented by the burial mode. There are three kinds of burial mode in South Mountain, Java. Stone cist found at Gunungkidul, kubur watu tumpuk and kubur menhir at Wonogiri. Environment is one of many factors affected those different burial modes