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OPTIMISME, DUKUNGAN SOSIAL SUAMI, DAN STRES PADA IBU RUMAH TANGGA DAN IBU YANG BERPERAN GANDA DI MASA PANDEMI COVID-19
No full textThe COVID-19 pandemic has brought mothers to experience additional roles and responsibilities when their children should study from home. This kind of situation causes stress that cannot be controlled and it continues to increase, so it needs internal support (self) and external support (environment) to minimize the level of maternal stress experienced. Following up on this, this study aims to determine the relationship between optimism and husband's social support with the maternal stress level for mothers, and the differences in maternal stress level among housewives and multiple-role mothers during the COVID-19 pandemic. This research used multiple and comparative correlational quantitative. 102 people which consist of 51 housewives and 51 multiple-role mothers participated in this research using the snowball sampling technique. The measurement scale consists of an optimism scale, a husband's social support scale, and a stress scale. The result proved that simultaneous optimism and husband's social support related to the stress that happened to the mothers during the COVID-19 pandemic as well as specifically each independent variable related to the stress that happened in mothers during the COVID-19 pandemic. Comparatively, the result proved that there was no stress difference between housewives and multiple-role mothers during the COVID-19 pandemic. Thus, the problem of maternal stress during the COVID-19 pandemic could be handled well since the housewives and multiple-role mothers were able to create moderative optimism and their husbands put high support on them
MEANING OF LIFE REMAJA DENGAN KONDISI BROKEN FAMILY
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Harmony in the family is something that every individual wants. However, there are some families who experience divorce due to conflict or dispute, so the term broken home was born. This study aims to examine the experience and meaning of adolescents on the condition of a broken home experienced because their parents divorced. The research was conducted using a qualitative method with a phenomenological approach. The research respondents were taken using a purposive sampling technique, totaling three people aged 15-21 years with divorced parents. Data obtained from interviews were then analyzed using Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis (IPA). The results of the analysis of this study indicate that the condition of a broken home because parents choose to divorce affects the condition of adolescents in finding their identity and completing their developmental tasks. The three respondents said that there were changes in behavior in a negative direction, uncontrollable emotions, and psychological conditions with trauma. In addition, they said that their parents paid less attention and affection after the divorce. As for their positive meaning of parental divorce as a process of self-maturation, besides being interpreted negatively as a dark period and the lowest point in life.
Keywords: Adolescents; Broken Home; PsychologicalAbstrak
Keharmonisan dalam keluarga merupakan hal yang diinginkan oleh setiap individu. Namun, terdapat beberapa keluarga yang mengalami perceraian karena konflik atau perselisihan, sehingga lahirlah istilah broken home. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji pengalaman dan pemaknaan remaja terhadap kondisi broken home yang dialami karena orang tua bercerai. Penelitian dilakukan menggunakan metode kualitatif dengan pendekatan fenomenologi. Responden penelitian diambil melalui teknik purposive sampling berjumlah tiga orang yang berusia 15-21 tahun dengan orang tua bercerai. Data yang diperoleh dari wawancara kemudian dianalisis menggunakan Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis (IPA). Adapun hasil analisis penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa kondisi broken home karena orang tua memilih untuk bercerai berpengaruh pada kondisi remaja dalam pencarian jati diri dan penyelesaian tugas perkembangannya. Ketiga responden mengatakan bahwa terdapat perubahan pada perilaku ke arah negatif, emosi tidak terkendali, dan kondisi psikologis dengan trauma. Selain itu, mereka mengatakan bahwa orang tua kurang memberikan perhatian dan kasih sayang setelah perceraian. Adapun pemaknaan mereka terhadap perceraian orang tua secara positif sebagai proses pendewasaan diri, disamping dimaknai secara negatif sebagai masa kelam dan titik terendah dalam hidup.
Kata Kunci: Broken Home; Psikologis; Remaj
Determinan Gaya Hidup Minimalis: Apakah Berpengaruh Terhadap Gaya Hidup Minimalis
Get PDFGaya hidup minimalis telah diakui luas mampu menciptakan kesejahteraan hidup dan keberlanjutan lingkungan alam (Bradshaw, 2019). Oleh karena itu, gaya hidup minimalis sangat penting dalam upaya menciptakan kebahagiaan hidup seseorang. Namun,dalam kenyataannya, konsumerisme semakin meningkat.Hal ini diindikasikan dengan semakin tingginya intensitas kesakitan yang dialami manusia, serta kerusakan lingkungan alam yang semakin luas. Segala akibat negative ini berakar pada konsumsi berlebihan. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kausal, untuk menguji hubungan sebab akibat antar variabel yang diteliti ( masalah kelebihan harta benda, belanja hati hati, usia produk dan kemandirian) Pengujian hipotesis dalam penelitian ini menggunakan Analisis Regresi berganda.penelitian menggunakan desain survei. Teknik penyampelan yang digunakan adalah purposive sampling, dengan Obyek penelitian adalah perilaku belanja masyarakat yang tercermin dari barang dan jasa yang dikonsumsi sehari-hari.Persamaan regresi di atas menjelaskan bahwa variabel masalah kelebihan harta benda belanja hati hati, usia produk. Kemandirian. Maka hipotesis variabel independent terhadap variabel dependent tidak terdukung.karena pada hakikatnya manusia adalah makhluk sosial yang tidak akan pernah merasa puas dan selalu berkeinginan untuk memenuhi segala kebutuhanya.Peneliti disini berharap nantinya khalayak dapat memahami makna-makna dari gaya hidup minimalis. Selain itu peneliti juga berharap melalui penelitian ini, setiap orang dapat memanfaatkan uang yang dimilikinya dengan baik, tidak hanya untuk keinginan dan memuaskan hasratnya terus menerus namun juga memikirkan kebutuhan yang lain didalam kehidupan nyata
Effectiveness of Antiseptic Liquid Smoke of Pine Fruit (Pinus merkusii) in Vitro and in Vivo
Get PDFHand sanitizers containing alcohol-based components are frequently used to clean hands due to their usage is more effective and efficient. Natural substances, such as pine fruit, can be used to replace alcohol-based components. Pine fruit may be processed into an antibacterial liquid smoke product, making it potentially useful as an antiseptic. The purpose of this research is to see how effective pine fruit liquid smoke is at inhibiting microbial growth in vitro and in vivo. In vitro disc diffusion test against E. coli ATCC 25922 and Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923, and employing disc and well diffusion methods on Aspergillus flavus ATCC 9643 and Candida albicans ATCC 10231. The pour plate approach was used in vivo. The in vitro test findings revealed an inhibitory zone on E. coli (5.3 mm) and S. aureus (5.83 mm) from 100% concentration of liquid smoke. The in vitro test results are supported by the in vivo test results, which indicate that the liquid smoke of pine fruit is 100% effective at preventing the growth of bacteria by 75.1% and fungi by 87.7%. The results of the questionnaire indicated that respondents liked the color (50%), and aroma (58%), that the product did not induce dryness (75%), and did not burning effects (83%). The result of this research is that 100% liquid smoke of pine fruit (Pinus merkusii) is effective in inhibiting the growth of E. coli ATCC 25922 and S. aureus ATCC 25923, as well as being effective as antiseptic agents.Hand sanitizers containing alcohol-based components are frequently used to clean hands due to their usage is more effective and efficient. Natural substances, such as pine fruit, can be used to replace alcohol-based components. Pine fruit may be processed into an antibacterial liquid smoke product, making it potentially useful as an antiseptic. The purpose of this research is to see how effective pine fruit liquid smoke is at inhibiting microbial growth in vitro and in vivo. In vitro disc diffusion test against E. coli ATCC 25922 and Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923, and employing disc and well diffusion methods on Aspergillus flavus ATCC 9643 and Candida albicans ATCC 10231. The pour plate approach was used in vivo. The in vitro test findings revealed an inhibitory zone on E. coli (5.3 mm) and S. aureus (5.83 mm) from 100% concentration of liquid smoke. The in vitro test results are supported by the in vivo test results, which indicate that the liquid smoke of pine fruit is 100% effective at preventing the growth of bacteria by 75.1% and fungi by 87.7%. The results of the questionnaire indicated that respondents liked the color (50%), and aroma (58%), that the product did not induce dryness (75%), and did not burning effects (83%). The result of this research is that 100% liquid smoke of pine fruit (Pinus merkusii) is effective in inhibiting the growth of E. coli ATCC 25922 and S. aureus ATCC 25923, as well as being effective as antiseptic agents
Apple Juice to Reduce Total Cholesterol Level in Women Over 40 Years Old
Get PDFCholesterol is a fatty substance in the human body’s cells. A person who has high cholesterol levels may develop coronary heart disease (CHD), which increases their risk of developing atherosclerosis. Due to pregnancy, hormonal, and menopausal reasons, women over the age of 40 are more likely to have elevated cholesterol levels than younger women. Apples' fiber content has been shown to reduce blood cholesterol levels. This study aimed to determine the effect of apple juice on cholesterol levels. A pretest-posttest group design with a pre-experimental methodology was used in this study. 38 women between the ages of 40 and 66 made up the sample of this study. Every morning for seven days, respondents received apple juice. The study was carried out in August 2020. According to this study, apple juice has a positive effect in lowering total cholesterol levels. Prior to receiving apple juice, the mean total cholesterol level was 226.68 17.230 mg/dL, while the mean cholesterol level after apple juice treatment was 184.39 13.771 mg/dL. Total cholesterol levels before and after receiving apple juice are known to differ by 42.29 mg/dL. The Paired T-Test analysis of the data revealed a value of P = 0.000 (P 0.05), indicating that there was an effect of giving apple juice on lowering respondents' total cholesterol levels.Cholesterol is a fatty substance in the human body’s cells. A person who has high cholesterol levels may develop coronary heart disease (CHD), which increases their risk of developing atherosclerosis. Due to pregnancy, hormonal, and menopausal reasons, women over the age of 40 are more likely to have elevated cholesterol levels than younger women. Apples' fiber content has been shown to reduce blood cholesterol levels. This study aimed to determine the effect of apple juice on cholesterol levels. A pretest-posttest group design with a pre-experimental methodology was used in this study. 38 women between the ages of 40 and 66 made up the sample of this study. Every morning for seven days, respondents received apple juice. The study was carried out in August 2020. According to this study, apple juice has a positive effect in lowering total cholesterol levels. Prior to receiving apple juice, the mean total cholesterol level was 226.68 17.230 mg/dL, while the mean cholesterol level after apple juice treatment was 184.39 13.771 mg/dL. Total cholesterol levels before and after receiving apple juice are known to differ by 42.29 mg/dL. The Paired T-Test analysis of the data revealed a value of P = 0.000 (P 0.05), indicating that there was an effect of giving apple juice on lowering respondents' total cholesterol levels
Comparison Results of Hemoglobin Checkup in Pregnant Women using Cyanmethemoglobin Method and Azidemet Hb Methods
Get PDFThe hemoglobin checkup in pregnant women was done by several methods, some of those were Cyanmethemoglobin and Azidemet Hb methods. The incidence of anemia during pregnancy, childbirth and during the puerperium can be reduced by early detection of anemia by checking hemoglobin levels. The purpose of this study was to determine hemoglobin levels using the Cyanmethemoglobin method and the Azidemet Hb method. Data collection was carried out by observational method using cross sectional design. The research was conducted at the Ajibarang II Public Health Center, Banyumas Regency in October - November 2020. The sample used was 20 respondents. The results of the examination using the Cyanmethemoglobin method for venous blood were 10.12 ± 0.62 g / dL and the Azidemet Hb method for capillary blood was 11.98 ± 1,0009 g/dL. There is a significant difference between the results of hemoglobin examination using the Cyanmethemoglobin method of venous blood and the Azidemet Hb method of capilary blood.The hemoglobin checkup in pregnant women was done by several methods, some of those were Cyanmethemoglobin and Azidemet Hb methods. The incidence of anemia during pregnancy, childbirth and during the puerperium can be reduced by early detection of anemia by checking hemoglobin levels. The purpose of this study was to determine hemoglobin levels using the Cyanmethemoglobin method and the Azidemet Hb method. Data collection was carried out by observational method using cross sectional design. The research was conducted at the Ajibarang II Public Health Center, Banyumas Regency in October - November 2020. The sample used was 20 respondents. The results of the examination using the Cyanmethemoglobin method for venous blood were 10.12 ± 0.62 g / dL and the Azidemet Hb method for capillary blood was 11.98 ± 1,0009 g/dL. There is a significant difference between the results of hemoglobin examination using the Cyanmethemoglobin method of venous blood and the Azidemet Hb method of capilary blood
Pengaruh Pengeceran, Harga Grosir Dan Promosi Penjualan Terhadap Loyalitas Konsumen Mall Di Tegal
Get PDFThe conditions of high competition in the retail business require business people to maintain consumer loyalty so that consumers do not switch to their competitors. The aim of this research is to analyze the influence of Retailing, Wholesale Prices and Promotional Sales on Consumer Loyalty. The type of research used is quantitative research. The samples in this research were consumers who shopped at supermarkets, malls and modern retail stores in Tegal. The sample size was determined using the Cochran formula, namely 100 respondents. The sampling technique is non-probability sampling and sample determination is through the Accidental Sampling method. The research coefficient results for the Retail and Consumer Loyalty variables are positive at 0.192, meaning they are positively related. The value of tcount > ttable is 2.341 > 1.661 with a sig value. 0.021 < 0.05 means H1 is accepted. The variable coefficient for wholesale prices and consumer loyalty is positive at 0.356, meaning there is a positive relationship. The value of tcount > ttable is 4.034 > 1.661 with a sig value. 0.000 < 0.05 means H2 is accepted. The coefficient of the sales promotion perception variable and consumer loyalty is positive at 0.486, meaning there is a positive relationship. tcount > ttable, namely 4.175 > 1.661 with a sig value. 0.000 < 0.05, meaning H3 is accepted. The Fcount result is 35.607 with a sig value. signature. < 0.05 or 0.000 < 0.05, so H4 is accepted.Kondisi persaingan yang tinggi pada bisnis retail ini yang menuntut para pebisinis untuk mempertahankan loyalitas konsumennya supaya konsumen tidak beralih pada pesaingnya Tujuan penelitian ini adalah menganalisis pengaruh Pengeceran, Harga Grosir dan Promosi Penjualan terhadap Loyalitas Kosumen. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan adalah penelitian kuantitatif. Sampel dalam penelitian ini adalah konsumen yang berbelanja di supermarket, mall dan toko retail modern yang ada di Tegal. Jumlah sampel ditentukan dengan rumus Cochran yaitu 100 orang responden. Teknik pengambilan sampling dengan non probability sampling dan penentuan pengambilan sampel melalui metode accidental sampling. Hasil penelitian koefisien variabel Pengeceran dan Loyalitas konsumen bernilai positif sebesar 0,192 artinya berhubungan positif. Nilai thitung > ttabel yaitu 2,341 > 1,661 dengan nilai sig. 0,021 < 0,05 artinya H1 diterima. Koefisien variabel harga grosir dan Loyalitas Konsumen bernilai positif sebesar 0,356 artinya terdapat hubungan positif. Nilai thitung > ttabel yaitu 4,034 > 1,661 dengan nilai sig. 0,000 < 0,05 artinya H2 diterima. Koefisien variabel persepsi promosi penjualan dan Loyalitas konsumen bernilai positif sebesar 0,486 artinya terdapat hubungan positif. thitung > ttabel yaitu 4,175 > 1,661 dengan nilai sig. 0,000 < 0,05, artinya H3 di terima. Hasil Fhitung 35,607 dengan nilai sig. sig. < 0,05 atau 0,000 < 0,05, sehingga H4 diterima
Aktivitas Analgetik dan Antiinflamasi Fraksi Daun Ashitaba (Angelica keiskei (Miq.) Koidz.) Pada Tikus Jantan Galur Wistar dan Keamanannya Terhadap Lambung
Get PDFAshitaba (Angelica keiskei (Miq.) Koidz.) is a plant that has analgesic and anti-inflammatory activity. The content of compounds which are thought to be efficacious are flavonoids, saponins, alkaloids, and tannins. The purpose of this study was to determine the extracts and fractions having analgesic activity with the hot plate and tail flick method, anti-inflammatory activity with the randall-selitto method and the formation of udema, safety of the stomach and to find out which fraction provided the strongest and safest activity against the rat's stomach.
Ethanol extract of Ashitaba leaf was fractionated with n-hexane, ethyl acetate, and water. The analgesic test was carried out by the hot plate and tail flick method, the anti-inflammatory test was carried out by the randall-selitto method and the formation of edema was then examined by the rat's gastric safety using macroscopic and microscopic.The dosage of Ashitaba leaf extract and fractions were extract 300 mg/kgBB, n-hexane fraction 120.7 mg/kgBB, ethyl acetate fraction 20.6 mg/kgBB, water fraction 158.65 mg/kgBB, negative control of Na CMC 1%, and negative control of Na CMC 1% mefenamic acid 500 mg/kgBB.
The results showed ethanol extract, n-hexane fraction, ethyl acetate fraction, and water fraction Ashitaba leaf had analgesic and anti-inflammatory activity. Extract 300 mg / kg body weight and n-hexane fraction 120.7 mg / kg body weight showed analgesic and anti-inflammatory activity equivalent to mefenamic acid and showed safety in the stomach equivalent to negative control.Ashitaba (Angelica keiskei (Miq.) Koidz.) merupakan salah satu tanaman yang memiliki aktivitas sebagai analgetik dan antiinflamasi. Kandungan senyawa yang diduga berkhasiat adalah flavonoid, saponin, alkaloid, dan tanin. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah mengetahui ekstrak dan fraksi memiliki aktivitas analgetik dengan metode hot plate dan tail flick, aktivitas antiinflamasi dengan metode randall-selitto dan pembentukan udema, keamanan terhadap lambung serta mengetahui fraksi yang memberikan aktivitas paling kuat dan aman terhadap lambung tikus.
Ekstrak etanol daun ashitaba difraksinasi dengan pelarut n-heksan, etil asetat, dan air. Uji analgetik dilakukan dengan metode hot plate dan tail flick, uji antiinflamasi dilakukan dengan metode randall-selitto dan pembentukan udema kemudian dilakukan pengamatan keamanan lambung tikus secara makroskopis dan mikroskopis. Dosis ekstrak dan fraksi daun ashitaba berturut-turut yaitu ekstrak 300mg/kgBB, fraksi n-heksan 120,7mg/kgBB, fraksi etil asetat 20,6mg/kgBB, fraksi air 158,65mg/kgBB, kontrol negatif Na CMC 1%, dan asam mefenamat 500mg/kgBB.
Hasil penelitian menunjukkan ekstrak etanol, fraksi n-heksan, fraksi etil asetat, dan fraksi air daun ashitaba memiliki aktivitas sebagai analgetik dan antiinflamasi. Ekstrak 300mg/kgBB dan fraksi n-heksan 120,7mg/kgBB menunjukkan aktivitas analgetik dan antiinflamasi yang setara dengan asam mefenamat dan menunjukkan keamanan pada lambung setara dengan kontrol negatif
Perbandingan Flavonoid Total dan Aktivitas Antioksidan Fraksi Etil Asetat Biji Kelor (Moringa oleifera L.) dan Biji Kecipir (Psophocarpus tetragonolobus L.)
Get PDFMoringa seeds (Moringa oleifera L.) and winged bean seeds (Psophocarpus tetragonolobus L.) are medicinal plants used by the community as food and as traditional medicine preparations. They also contain compounds that have potential as antioxidants. It is necessary to compare the levels of one of the compounds and test the antioxidant activity. This study aims to determine the comparison of total flavonoid levels and antioxidant activity in the ethyl acetate fraction of Moringa oleifera L. and winged bean seeds (Psophocarpus tetragonolobus L).
The ethanol extracts were partitioned by using n-hexane, ethanol, and ethyl acetate. This research focused on the ethyl acetate fraction. The total flavonoid determination was based on measuring each fraction's absorbance value at a wavelength of 446 nm and using a quercetin comparator. The antioxidant activity test of ethyl acetate fraction of Moringa oleifera L. and winged bean seeds (Psophocarpus tetragonolobus L.) was carried out by measuring the reduction of each fraction against DPPH radicals (1,1- diphenyl 2-picrilhidrazil) using UV-Vis spectrophotometry method at a wavelength of 517 nm. The antioxidant activity test was carried out by using a comparison of vitamin C.
The results showed the total flavonoid level of ethyl acetate fraction of Moringa oleifera L seeds and winged bean seeds (Psophocarpus tetragonolobus L.) were 42.80 ± 1.61 mg QE/g and 71.56 ± 5.50 mg QE/g, respectively while the antioxidant activities of ethyl acetate fraction of Moringa oleifera L seeds and winged bean seeds (Psophocarpus tetragonolobus L.) were 134.34 ppm and 179.57 ppm, respectively. The result showed that the ethyl acetate fraction of Moringa seeds (Moringa oleifera L.) had moderate antioxidant activity and more potent compare to Winged bean seeds; however, Winged bean seeds's flavonoid total was higher than Moringa seeds’s.
Keyword : Antioxidant; DPPH; Flavonoid; Moringa oleifera L., Psophocarpus tetragonolobus L., seedTanaman kelor (Moringa oleifera L.) dan kecipir (Psophocarpus tetragonolobus L.) banyak dimanfaatkan masyarakat sebagai makanan dan pengobatan tradisional. Selain bagian daun, biji kelor dan biji kecipir juga banyak digunakan oleh masyarakat. Kedua tanaman ini memiliki potensi sebagai antioksidan. Pada studi ini dilakukan pengukuran kadar total flavonoid dan aktivitas antioksidan pada fraksi etil asetat dari kedua biji secara in vitro. Studi ini diharapkan dapat memberikan informasi perbandingan kadar antioksidan antara kedua biji tersebut.
Ekstrak etanol dari masing-masing biji dilakukan fraksinasi dengan n-hexan, etanol, dan etil asetat. Total flavonoid dari fraksi etil asetat diukur dengan pembacaan absorbansi pada Panjang gelombang 446 nm dengan quercetin sebagai pembanding. Aktivitas antioksidan dari fraksi etil asetat dilakukan dengan metode DPPH (1,1- diphenyl 2-picrilhidrazil) dan pembacaan absorbandi pada 517 nm dengan vitamin C sebagai pembanding dan diukur nilai IC50.
Total flavonoid fraksi etil asetat biji kelor sebesar 42.80 ± 1.61 mg QE/g sedangkan fraksi etil asetat biji kecipir sebesar 71.56 ± 5.50 mg QE/g. Aktivitas antioksidan fraksi etil asetat biji kelor lebih besar dari biji kecipir yang ditunjukkan oleh nilai IC50 sebesar 134.34 ppm pada biji kelor dan 179.57 ppm pada biji kecipir. Aktivitas antioksidan fraksi etil asetat biji kelor lebih besar dari biji kecipir namun total flavonoid biji kecipir lebih besar, hal ini menunjukkan kemungkinan terdapat lebih banyak senyawa antioksidan selain flavonoid pada biji kelor.
Kata kunci : antioksidan; DPPH; flavonoid; biji; Moringa oleifera L.; Psophocarpus tetragonolobus L
Penetapan Kadar Flavonoid Ekstrak dan Fraksi Kulit Buah Citrus reticulata
No full textCitrus reticulata is one of the varieties of citrus endemic to South Kalimantan. So far, the people of South Kalimantan have only used the pulp of the citrus fruit, while the skin is disposed of as waste. Therefore, this study was conducted to see the value of the benefits of the Citrus reticulata rind waste by testing the levels of flavonoids from the extract and its fractions.
The rind extraction of Citrus reticulata was carried out by maceration method using methanol as a solvent. The extract obtained was then fractionated using the liquid-liquid method using n-hexane, chloroform, ethyl acetate, and water as solvents. The extract and each fraction were determined for the level of flavonoids using a UV-Visible spectrophotometer at a wavelength of 413 nm and a series of standard concentrations of quercetin 35; 50; 65; 80; and 95 ppm.
The results showed that the levels of flavonoids from the highest to the lowest were in the water fraction, methanol extract, n-hexane fraction, ethyl acetate fraction, and chloroform fraction with the respective values of 53.635 ± 0.00697; 30.083 ± 0.00386; 15,524 ± 0.00423; 9.787 ± 0.00198%(w/w).Citrus reticulata merupakan salah satu varietas jeruk endemik di Kalimantan Selatan. Masyarakat Kalimantan Selatan sejauh ini hanya memanfaatkan daging buah jeruk tersebut, sedangkan kulitnya dibuang sebagai limbah. Oleh karena itu, penelitian ini dilakukan untuk melihat nilai manfaat dari limbah kulit Citrus reticulata dengan menguji kadar flavonoid dari ekstrak dan fraksinya.
Ekstraksi kulit buah Citrus reticulata dilakukan dengan metode maserasi menggunakan pelarut metanol. Ekstrak yang diperoleh kemudian difraksinasi dengan metode cair-cair menggunakan pelarut n-heksana, kloroform, etil asetat, dan air. Ekstrak dan masing-masing fraksi ditetapkan kadar flavonoidnya menggunakan spektrofotometer UV-Visibel pada panjang gelombang 413 nm dan seri konsentrasi baku standar kuersetin 35; 50; 65; 80; dan 95 ppm.
Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kadar flavonoid berturut-turut dari yang tertinggi hingga yang terendah adalah pada fraksi air, ekstrak metanol, fraksi n-heksana, fraksi etil asetat, dan fraksi kloroform dengan nilai masing-masing sebesar 53,635±0,00697; 30,083±0,00386; 15,524±0,00423; 9,787±0,00198%(b/b)