Universitas Sebelas Maret Surakarta, Fakultas Pertanian UNS: Journal Systems
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PENGARUH PUPUK ALAMI BERMIKROBA (BIO-NATURAL FERTILIZER) TERHADAP SERAPAN FOSFOR DAN PERTUMBUHAN KACANG TANAH PADA TANAH ALFISOL, ENTISOL, DAN VERTISOL
Get PDFTitle : Effect of Bio-Natural Fertilizer on Phosphorus Uptake and Growth of Peanut in Alfisols, Entisols, and Vertisols. Development of bio-natural fertilizer was needed to overcome the scarcity of fertilizer in Indonesia, the deficiency of soil nutrient, and low efficiency of fertilizer use. The research purposed to study the effect of bio-natural fertilizer formula and find out of best formula on P uptake and growth of peanuts in various soils ordo. The experiment used a completely randomized design with three factors. The first factor was bio-natural fertilizer P1 (vermicompost 100% without enrichment material, without microbial inoculums), P2 (vermicompost 66,67%, enrichment material 33,33% and microbial inoculum of NPKS with proportion of 2:2:1:1), and P3 (vermicompost 33,33%, enrichment material 66,67% and microbial inoculum of NPKS with proportion of 2:2:1:1). The second factor was peanut varieties, Elephant and Rabbit varieties. The third factor was soil ordo, Alfisols, Entisols, and Vertisols. The variables observed were av-P, P uptake, shoot dry weight, soil pH, population of P-solubilizing fungi, plant height, and shoot fresh weight. Data was analyzed by F test at 95% level confidence. The results showed that formula of bio-natural fertilizer influence significantly on P uptake and growth of peanuts in various soils. The formula of bio-natural fertilizer P2 is the best formula to increased P uptake of peanut on Alfisols, Entisol, and Vertisol, as well as for highest peanut growth on Alfisols.Pengembangan pupuk alami bermikroba diperlukan untuk mengatasi kelangkaan pupuk di Indonesia, kekahatan unsur hara, dan efisiensi pemupukan yang rendah. Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh formula pupuk alami bermikroba dan formula pupuk terbaik terhadap serapan P dan pertumbuhan kacang tanah pada berbagai macam tanah. Percobaan menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) faktorial dengan 3 faktor. Faktor pertama berupa formula pupuk alami bermikroba, yaitu P1 (vermikompos 100% tanpa bahan pengaya, tanpa inokulum mikrobia), P2 (vermikompos 66,67%, bahan pengaya 33,33% dan inokulum mikrobia fungsional NPKS dengan perbandingan 2:2:1:1), dan P3 (vermikompos 33,33%, bahan pengaya 66,67% dan inokulum mikrobia fungsional NPKS dengan perbandingan 2:2:1:1). Faktor kedua berupa varietas kacang tanah, yaitu Gajah dan Kelinci. Faktor ketiga berupa ordo tanah, yaitu Alfisols, Entisols, dan Vertisols. Variabel yang diamati meliputi P tersedia, serapan P, berat kering tanaman, pH tanah, populasi FPF, tinggi tanaman, dan berat segar tanaman. Data yang diperoleh dianalisis menggunakan uji F dan uji jarak berganda Duncan dengan taraf kepercayaan 95%. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan formula pupuk alami bermikroba berpengaruh terhadap pertumbuhan dan serapan P oleh kacang tanah pada berbagai macam tanah. Formula pupuk alami bermikroba P2 merupakan yang terbaik dalam meningkatkan serapan P oleh kacang tanah pada tanah Alfisol, Entisol, dan Vertisol, dan untuk pertumbuhan tanaman kacang tanah pada tanah Alfisol
STUDI BEBERAPA SIFAT FISIKA DAN KIMIA TANAH PADA BERBAGAI KOMPOSISI TEGAKAN TANAMAN DI SUB DAS SOLO HULU
Get PDFTitle : The Study of Soil Physics and Chemical Character on Various Straightened Composition of Crop on Sub DAS Solo Hulu. This research was conducted in Sub DAS Solo Hulu area from October 2006 – February 2007. The aim of this research was to study the effect of various straightened composition of crop to soil physics and chemical properties. The change will be seen when the available vegetation was more dominant than vegetation on the same area. This research used variable approach by survey in spacious and is supported by analysis in laboratory. T‐test and Correlation test was used in this research. The result of this research showed that according to vegetation survey, there was get six straightened composition of crop. The most of straightened composition of crop was predominated by Jati (Tectona grandis L.). Straightened composition of crop which predominated by Jati (Tectona grandis L.) giving effect of very real to some soil physics (soil pore, soil aggregate, field capacity) and chemical properties (pH H2O, pH KCl, organic matter, cation exchangeable capacity, total N, available P, available K and basalt spacing) at this same of soil type (Entisols and Alfisols). The various straightened composition of crop to effect soil physics and chemical properties through organic materials which yielded by litter material and crop activity of root. Various straightened composition of crop was predominated by annual crop will yield as litter material which is more compared to with straightened composition of predominated by season crop. Because annual crop have longer life cycle from at season crop so that can render as litter material as continually. Organic materials decomposition will yield organic acids as one of the source of organic materials of ground. While activity of root will render organic materials in ground through flaking back part of root of organic compound. Annual crop have root system ride, where its root hair can reach broader place so that organic compound which given into ground also progressively increase.Keywords: Sub DAS solo hulu, soil physics properties, soil chemistry properties, straightened composition of cropThis research was conducted in Sub DAS Solo Hulu area from October 2006 – February
2007. The aim of this research was to study the effect of various straightened composition of crop to soil physics and chemical properties. The change will be seen when the available vegetation was more dominant than vegetation on the same area. This research used variable approach by survey in spacious and is supported by analysis in laboratory. T‐test and Correlation test was used in this research. The result of this research showed that according to vegetation survey, there was get six straightened composition of crop. The most of straightened composition of crop was predominated by Jati (Tectona grandis L.). Straightened composition of crop which predominated by Jati (Tectona grandis L.) giving effect of very real to some soil physics (soil pore, soil aggregate, field capacity) and chemical properties (pH H2O, pH KCl, organic matter, cation exchangeable capacity, total N, available P, available K and basalt spacing) at this same of soil type (Entisols and Alfisols). The various straightened composition of crop to effect soil physics and chemical properties through organic materials which yielded by litter material and crop activity of root. Various straightened composition of crop was predominated by annual crop will yield as litter material which is more compared to with straightened composition of predominated by season crop. Because annual crop have longer life cycle from at season crop so that can render as litter material as continually. Organic materials decomposition will yield organic acids as one of the source of organic materials of ground. While activity of root will render organic materials in ground through flaking back part of root of organic compound. Annual crop have root system ride, where its root hair can reach broader place so that organic compound which given into ground also progressively increase
Keywords: Sub DAS solo hulu, soil physics properties, soil chemistry properties, straightened composition of cro
KAJIAN TINGKAT DEGRADASI LAHAN DAN KEMAMPUAN LAHAN PADA USAHATANI LAHAN KERING BERBASIS TEMBAKAU DI SUB-DAS PROGO HULU
Get PDFTitle : The study of land capability and land degradation level on tobacco-based upland farming at Progo Hulu Sub-watershed. The recent and also the future problems for Indonesian concerning with agricultural environment resources are land degradation and water resources restrictiveness. Agricultural technique without awareness to concerning to soil and water conservation principles on steep and high rainfall area had caused severe erosion and land degradation at upland area of Progo Hulu sub-watershed. Land Degradation that promoted by erosion at Progo Hulu sub-watershed contributed negative effects at on-site and out-site area. The results showed that: (1) The degradation levels on upland farming area of Progo Hulu sub-watershed (7.398,54 ha) are classified as: low (708.71 ha or 9.58%), moderate (5,119.15 ha or 69.19%) and high (1,570.68 ha or 21.23%); (2) The land capability classes were dominated by Class IV (3,624.93 ha or 49.00%), followed with Class VI (2,488.82 ha or 33.64%), Class III (697.99 ha or 9.43%), Class V (450.73 ha or 6.09%), and Class VII (136.06 ha or 1.84%). Keywords: land capability, land degradation, Progo Hulu Sub-watershedThe recent and also the future problems for Indonesian concerning with agricultural environment resources are land degradation and water resources restrictiveness. Agricultural technique without awareness to concerning to soil and water conservation principles on steep and high rainfall area had caused severe erosion and land degradation at upland area of Progo Hulu sub-watershed. Land Degradation that promoted by erosion at Progo Hulu sub-watershed contributed negative effects at on-site and out-site area. The results showed that: (1) The degradation levels on upland farming area of Progo Hulu sub-watershed (7.398,54 ha) are classified as: low (708.71 ha or 9.58%), moderate (5,119.15 ha or 69.19%) and high (1,570.68 ha or 21.23%); (2) The land capability classes were dominated by Class IV (3,624.93 ha or 49.00%), followed with Class VI (2,488.82 ha or 33.64%), Class III (697.99 ha or 9.43%), Class V (450.73 ha or 6.09%), and Class VII (136.06 ha or 1.84%). Keywords: land capability, land degradation, Progo Hulu Sub-watershe
SISTEM TUMPANGSARI DAN INTEGRASI TERNAK TERHADAP PERUBAHAN SIFAT FISIK DAN KIMIA TANAH DI TANAH LITOSOL
No full textTitle : Intercropping and Livestock Integration System : Changes in Physical and Chemical Properties of Litosol. Study sites located in the village Geneng duwur, District Gemolong, Sragen regency, Central Java with litosol soil type. Study sites are located between 7 º 23'10 "latitude and 7 º 23'17" latitude and 110 º 50'28 "E to 110 º 50'24" E with altitude between 150 masl to 155 masl. The experiment was conducted in February 2010 to November 2010. The purpose of the study: (1) Knowing the integrated effect of intercropping with cattle on soil physical properties, (2) Knowing the effect of intercropping systems are integrated with livestock on soil chemical properties. The study design used in this study is complete randomized block design consisting of two factors: factor 1: integration of cattle consisting of 4 standard (I0 = no cattle integration (0 years); I1 = 1 year of integration of cattle ; I2 = integration of cattle 2 years; I3 = integration of cattle 3 years) and factor 2: cropping system consisting of a 3 stage (K = monoculture cropping systems with groundnut crop; J = monoculture cropping systems with corn; KJ = cropping system intercropped with maize crop peanuts). Research results indicate that: (1) intercropping system does not significantly affect the improvement of soil physical properties include: soil density, volume weight of soil, field capacity, porosity; integration of livestock significantly affect the improvement of soil physical properties include: density of the soil, volume weight of soil, field capacity and soil porosity, (2) intercropping system did not significantly affect the chemical properties of soil improvement which include: soil organic matter, total soil N and soil pH; integration of livestock significantly affect the chemical properties of soil improvement material covering soil organic matter, total soil N and soil pH.Lokasi penelitian terletak di Desa Geneng Duwur, Kecamatan Gemolong, Kabupaten Sragen, Jawa Tengah dengan jenis tanah Litosol. Lokasi penelitian terletak antara 7º23’10” LS sampai 7º23’17” LS dan 110º50’28” BT sampai 110º50’24” BT dengan ketinggian tempat antara 150 mdpl sampai 155 mdpl. Penelitian dilaksanakan bulan Februari 2010 sampai dengan November 2010. Tujuan penelitian : (1) Mengetahui pengaruh sistem tumpangsari yang diintegrasikan dengan ternak terhadap sifat fisik tanah; (2) Mengetahui pengaruh sistem tumpangsari yang diintegrasikan dengan ternak terhadap sifat kimia tanah. Rancangan penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah Rancangan Acak Kelompok Lengkap yang terdiri dari 2 faktor, yaitu : faktor 1 : integrasi ternak sapi yang terdiri dari 4 taraf (I0 = tanpa integrasi ternak sapi (0 tahun); I1 = integrasi ternak sapi 1 tahun; I2 = integrasi ternak sapi 2 tahun; I3 = integrasi ternak sapi 3 tahun) dan faktor 2 : sistem tanam yang terdiri dari 3 taraf (K = sistem tanam monokultur dengan tanaman kacang tanah; J = sistem tanam monokultur dengan tanaman jagung; KJ = sistem tanam tumpangsari tanaman kacang tanah dengan jagung). Hasil Penelitian menunjukkan bahwa : (1) Sistem tumpangsari tidak berpengaruh nyata terhadap perbaikan sifat fisik tanah yang meliputi : berat jenis tanah, berat volume tanah, kapasitas lapang , porositas; integrasi ternak berpengaruh nyata terhadap perbaikan sifat fisik tanah yang meliputi : berat jenis tanah, berat volume tanah, kapasitas lapang , dan porositas tanah; (2) Sistem tumpangsari tidak berpengaruh nyata terhadap perbaikan sifat kimia tanah yang meliputi : bahan organik tanah, N total tanah dan pH tanah; integrasi ternak berpengaruh nyata terhadap perbaikan sifat kimia tanah yang meliputi bahan organik tanah, N total tanah dan pH tanah
PENGARUH BEBERAPA METODE STERILISASI TANAH TERHADAP STATUS HARA, POPULASI MIKROBIOTA, POTENSI INFEKSI MIKORISA DAN PERTUMBUHAN TANAMAN
Get PDFTitle : The Effect of Soil Sterilization Methods on Nutrient Status, Population of Microbiota, Potential Infectivity of Mycorrhiza and Plant Growth. The present study was aimed at elucidating the effectivity of soil sterilization methods and the effect on nutrient status, population of microbiota, potential infectivity of Vesicular-Arbuscular Mycorrhiza (VAM) and plant growth. The experimental design was Completely Randomized Design with single factor treatment. Inceptisol with VAM propagules was used for the experiment. The treatment of soil sterilization methods consisted of 8 levels with 4 replications: P1 (control, no sterilization), P2 (oven sterilization), P3 (autoclave sterilization), P4 (steam sterilization), P5 (methyl bromide sterilization), P6 (formaldehyde sterilization with cover), P7 (formaldehyde sterilization no cover), and P8 (burning sterilization). Data analyzed using Analysis of Variance and followed with Duncan’s Multiple Range Test (DMRT) with 5% of significance level. The results showed that the effectivity of total sterilization (to kill bacteria, fungi and actinomycetes) was demonstrated by burning, autoclave and steam sterilizations. The effectivity of selective sterilization (to only kill fungi) was demonstrated by formaldehyde sterilization with cover. Soil sterilization methods affected soil nutrient status with a variety of nutrients and intensities. Soil sterilization treatments affected the plant growth of soybeans. The plant growth was better in control. The exception was observed for autoclave sterilization which increased plant growth. The potential infectivity of VAM and nodulation were suppressed totally by burning, autoclave and steam sterilizations, followed by formaldehyde sterilizations with and without cover. Keywords: effectivity, nutrient status, plant growth, potential infectivity of Mycorrhiza, soil sterilization methodThe present study was aimed at elucidating the effectivity of soil sterilization methods and the effect on nutrient status, population of microbiota, potential infectivity of Vesicular-Arbuscular Mycorrhiza (VAM) and plant growth. The experimental design was Completely Randomized Design with single factor treatment. Inceptisol with VAM propagules was used for the experiment. The treatment of soil sterilization methods consisted of 8 levels with 4 replications: P1 (control, no sterilization), P2 (oven sterilization), P3 (autoclave sterilization), P4 (steam sterilization), P5 (methyl bromide sterilization), P6 (formaldehyde sterilization with cover), P7 (formaldehyde sterilization no cover), and P8 (burning sterilization). Data analyzed using Analysis of Variance and followed with Duncan’s Multiple Range Test (DMRT) with 5% of significance level. The results showed that the effectivity of total sterilization (to kill bacteria, fungi and actinomycetes) was demonstrated by burning, autoclave and steam sterilizations. The effectivity of selective sterilization (to only kill fungi) was demonstrated by formaldehyde sterilization with cover. Soil sterilization methods affected soil nutrient status with a variety of nutrients and intensities. Soil sterilization treatments affected the plant growth of soybeans. The plant growth was better in control. The exception was observed for autoclave sterilization which increased plant growth. The potential infectivity of VAM and nodulation were suppressed totally by burning, autoclave and steam sterilizations, followed by formaldehyde sterilizations with and without cover. Keywords: effectivity, nutrient status, plant growth, potential infectivity of Mycorrhiza, soil sterilization metho
PREDIKSI PENGARUH AKTIVITAS ASAM ORGANIK HASIL DEKOMPOSISI BERBAGAI SUMBER BAHAN ORGANIK TERHADAP Fe, Al DAN KETERSEDIAAN P Dl Oxic Dystrudept
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KAJIAN PEMANFAATAN LIMBAH INDUSTRI ALKOHOL CIU BEKONANG SEBAGAI BAHAN PUPUK ORGANIK CAIR PLUS
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MODEL PENGELOLAAN N, P DAN K PADA TANAH SAWAH DI KECAMATAN JATISRONO, WONOGIRI
Get PDFTitle : N, P, and K Management Model for Paddy Soils in Subdistrict Jatisrono, Wonogiri. Available of N, P and K nutrient at paddy soil of Sub district Jatisrono, Regency Wonogiri very low cause farmer fertilizer application, land morphology, and climate. The purpose of this research is to prove that relationship model endogen and exogenous variable can be used as reference in N, P and K management for paddy soil. This research was conducted in Sub district Jatisrono, Regency Wonogiri at February until June 2008. This research is descriptive explorative and functional relationship research. The variables approach by field survey and supported laboratory analysis of the soil chemical and physical properties, use statistical analysis stepwise regression, simple Correlation test and regression analysis. The result of this research show that model which have been tested can be use as reference in N, P and K management for paddy soil in Sub district Jatisrono, Regency Wonogiri, while its model is total soil N is = 0.939 + 0.424 KPK + 0.006 Fertilizer Type, Soil Available P = 45.9 – 3.9 pH + 2.38 fertilizer Dose, Soil Available K = - 0.016 + 0.0482 pH – 0.0010 organic substance. Keywords: N, P, and K Management Model, Paddy SoilsAvailable of N, P and K nutrient at paddy soil of Sub district Jatisrono, Regency Wonogiri very low cause farmer fertilizer application, land morphology, and climate. The purpose of this research is to prove that relationship model endogen and exogenous variable can be used as reference in N, P and K management for paddy soil. This research was conducted in Sub district Jatisrono, Regency Wonogiri at February until June 2008. This research is descriptive explorative and functional relationship research. The variables approach by field survey and supported laboratory analysis of the soil chemical and physical properties, use statistical analysis stepwise regression, simple Correlation test and regression analysis. The result of this research show that model which have been tested can be use as reference in N, P and K management for paddy soil in Sub district Jatisrono, Regency Wonogiri, while its model is total soil N is = 0.939 + 0.424 KPK + 0.006 Fertilizer Type, Soil Available P = 45.9 – 3.9 pH + 2.38 fertilizer Dose, Soil Available K = - 0.016 + 0.0482 pH – 0.0010 organic substance.
Keywords: N, P, and K Management Model, Paddy Soil
Kesesuaian Lahan Tanaman Kapuk Randu (Ceiba Petandra) di Kecamatan Tlogowungu, Kabupaten Pati
Get PDFTittle : Land Suitability for Capok Randu (Ceiba Petandra) in Tlogowungu Sub-District, Pati District. This research represent the descriptive research of exploratif which its variable approach conducted by survey about farm situation for the crop of Ceiba petandra, based on identified and observation variable in the field and supported by analysis result in the laboratory to know the land characteristic. The sample in this research is determined intentionally abaout the form of farm usage in Tlogowungu Sub-District, Pati District. The result of the research indicate that the land of this research was consist of 7 Soil Mapping Units (SPT) and could be grouped on 3 land suitability class, S2 (moderately suitable) 3120,653 ha or 36,95069 % with restriction factor were temperature, solum depth, cation exchange capacities of soil, basa saturation and C-Organic content; S3 (marginally suitable) 4021,799 ha or 47,62088 % with restriction factor were solum depth, surface rock and C-Organic content; and N (not suitable) 1303 ha or 15,42842 % with restriction factor were C-Organic content, relief and surface rock. Soil management was consist of giving organic mulsa, fertilizer, organic matter, terracing and crop cultivation on terrace
Evaluasi Kesuburan Kimia Tanah di Lahan Kering Sub Daerah Aliran Sungai Samin Kabupaten Karanganyar
Get PDFTittle : The Evaluation of Soil Chemistry Fertility In Dry Land Of Samin Sub Water Shead Area Kabupaten Karanganyar. The purpose of this research is in order to learn the parameter of the soil chemistry fertility based on the plants need which is planted in a dry field of Samin Sub Water Sheet Area kabupaten Karanganyar and to learn the best of soil management alternative which is needed to keep the parameter of soil chemistry fertility in a good level. This research was done in September 2006 until April 2007. The design research of this research is qualitative descriptive phenomenology, by field survey and supported by quantitative laboratory analysis. The research variables are parameter of soil chemistry fertility (Organic C, total N, C/N ratio, available P, available K, available Na, available Mg, available Ca, CEC, base saturation, pH H2O) and the soil management which is usually done by farmers (practice in cultivating the field, fertilizing, kinds of plant which are planted, system of planting). The data analysis for parameter of soil chemistry fertility is matched with the need of plants grown and soil management which usually done by farmers used triangulasi. The result of this research is that the parameter of soil chemistry fertility which have fulfilled the plants need are Ca and Mg. They have fulfilled the plants need in all LMU (Land Map Unit). The parameter of soil chemistry fertility which have exceed fulfilled the plants need are fertilizing N and K. They are too much in all LMU. The parameter of soil chemistry fertility which has not fulfilled the characteristic of plants are the high P deficiency caused by P adsorption in all LMU ; the level of CEC is medium in all LMU except in LMU 1 and 3; the level of Organic C is medium in LMU 3, 4 and low in LMU 8, 9; the level of C/N ratio is high in LMU 1 and very high in LMU 5 (value >20); the level of soil pH is too acid for Mustard green, Green onion in LMU 6, 7, 8, 9 and too acid for Onion, Carrot in LMU SPL 8. Best alternative of soil management needed are fertilizing N and K.They must be matched with the need of plants in all LMU; giving silikat (Si) for decreasing P adsorption in all LMU; giving organic fertilizer (cow manure, dose 20 ton/Ha), that must be maintained or increased in all LMU; giving lime for increasing pH in LMU 6, 7, 8, 9