Universitas Sebelas Maret Surakarta, Fakultas Pertanian UNS: Journal Systems
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KAJIAN EFEKTIFITAS PENGHAMBATAN NITRIFIKASI PADA RHIZOSPHERE BERBAGAI SPESIES TANAMAN Brachiaria DI ALFISOLS
Get PDFTitle : Study on Effectiveness of Nitrification Inhibition in Rhizosphere of Brachiaria species on Ultisol. It has been known for some plant species Brachiaria (Brachiaraia decumbens, Brachiaria humidicola , and Brachiaria brizantha ) that have been studied has been hoen to effectively inhibit nitrification from that rhizosphere activity. Therefore it is necessary to further resarch the cultivation of other plant Brachiaria species such as Brachiaria mutica , Brachiaria decumbens and Brachiaria humidicola, to determine the effectiveness as a barrier to the rate of nitification that carried out by the method of pot experiments with functional relationship variables approach based on sampling and nondestructif Completely Randomized Design ( CRD ) consisting of plant species Brachiaria factor . and various doses of N fertilizer is 100 kg / ha , 150 kg / ha , 200 kg / ha . Results of this study indicate that 1 ) Brachiaria mutica , Brachiaria decumbens and Brachiaria humidicola , very significant on nitrification potential , but the treatment of a wide range of doses of fertilizer N is not a real effect on nitrification potential . 2 ) Highest nitrification potential value in the treatment Brachiaria mutica in the amount of 5,114 mg NO2- / g soil /5hour , while the lowest value of the potential nitrification in plants Brachiaria humidicola is equal to 0,414 mg NO2- / g soil /5hour . 3 ) Of the three treatment plants Brachiaria sp . in that the treatment plant can Brachiaria humidicola considered the most effective in inhibiting nitrification.Telah diketahui beberapa jenis tanaman Brachiaria (Brachiaraia decumbens, Brachiaria humidicola, dan Brachiaria brizantha) yang diteliti terbukti efektif menghambat nitrifikasi dari akifitas rhizosphere tanaman. Oleh sebab itu perlu diadakannya penelitian lanjutan dengan budidaya spesies tanaman Brachiaria lain seperti Brachiaria mutica, Brachiaria humidicola dan Brachiaria decumbens untuk mengetahui pengaruh efektifitas penanaman tanaman sebagai penghambat laju nitrifikasi. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan dengan metode percobaan pot dengan hubungan fungsional yang pendekatan variabelnya berdasarkan nondestructif sampling dan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) yang terdiri dari faktor jenis tanaman Brachiaria dan berbagai dosis pupuk N yaitu 100 kg/ha, 150 kg/ha, 200 kg/ha.
Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa 1) Penanaman Brachiaria mutica, Brachiaria decumbens, dan Brachiaria humidicola, berpengaruh sangat nyata terhadap potensial nitrifikasi, tetapi perlakuan berbagai macam dosis pupuk N berpengaruh tidak nyata terhadap potensial nitrifikasi. 2) Nilai potensial nitrifikasi tertinggi pada perlakuan Brachiaria mutica yaitu sebesar 5,114 mg NO2-/g tanah/5jam, sedangkan nilai potensial nitrifikasi paling rendah ditunjukkan pada tanaman Brachiaria humidicola yaitu sebesar 0,414 mg NO2-/g tanah/5jam. 3) Dari ketiga perlakuan tanaman Brachiaria di dapat bahwa perlakuan tanaman Brachiaria humidicola dianggap lebih efektif pada penghambatan nitrifikasi
PENGARUH RESIDU PUPUK SETELAH TIGA MUSIM TANAM TERHADAP KEDELAI DI LAHAN SAWAH ENTISOL
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“KESUPRESIFAN TANAH” TERHADAP BUSUK PANGKAL (Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cepae) BAWANG PUTIH DI TAWANGMANGU, KARANGANYAR
Get PDFTitle : “Soil Suppresiveness” to Basal Plate Rot (Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cepae) of Garlic in Tawangmangu, Karanganyar. Since planting season in 2000, basal plate rot (Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cepae) has been an important disease on garlic in Tawangmangu, Karanganyar, Central Java. More than 92 % of the garlic lands have been contaminated by the pathogen. However, there are some lands showing very mild disease incidence. The contaminated soil, in which the disease does not develop, is called suppressive soil. The phenomenon is interesting to investigate for understanding the occurrence of endemic of basal plate rot on the garlic in Tawangmangu and for developing control of the disease. The analysis results indicated that the suppressiveness of the soil was related to physical, chemical, and biological properties of the soil. Keywords: suppressive soil, Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cepae, garlicSince planting season in 2000, basal plate rot (Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cepae) has been an important disease on garlic in Tawangmangu, Karanganyar, Central Java. More than 92 % of the garlic lands have been contaminated by the pathogen. However, there are some lands showing very mild disease incidence. The contaminated soil, in which the disease does not develop, is called suppressive soil. The phenomenon is interesting to investigate for understanding the occurrence of endemic of basal plate rot on the garlic in Tawangmangu and for developing control of the disease. The analysis results indicated that the suppressiveness of the soil was related to physical, chemical, and biological properties of the soil. Keywords: suppressive soil, Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cepae, garli
Emisi Gas Metana dari Beberapa Varietas Padi pada Tanah Sawah Tadah Hujan Vertic Endoaquepts
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PENGARUH DOSIS KOMPOS AZOLLA DAN PUPUK FOSFAT ALAM TERHADAP KETERSEDIAAN FOSFOR DAN HASIL KACANG TANAH PADA ALFISOLS
Get PDFTitle : The Effect Of Azolla Compost and Phosphate Rock Fertilizer Doses on Phosphor Availability and Yield of Peanut on Alfisols. The purpose of this experiment was to determine the best doses combination of azolla compost and phosphate rock which gives the highest availability P and peanut yield. The experiment was conducted from May to November 2012 at Dryland Research Center Faculty, at Jumantono subdistrict, Karanganyar and Soil Chemistry and Fertility Laboratory of Agriculture University of Sebelas Maret Surakarta. The experiment design used was completely randomized design (CRD) with the treatments combination of azolla compost and phosphate rock fertilizers i.e P0 (without treatment), P1 (75 kg ha-1 of phosphate rock), P2 (150 kg ha-1of phosphate rock), P3 (2,5 tons ha-1 azolla compost), P4 (2.5 tons ha-1 azolla compost and 75 kg ha-1of phosphate rock ), P5 (2.5 tons ha-1 azolla compost and 150 kg ha-1 phosphate rock), P6 (5 tons ha-1 of compost azolla), P7 (5 tons ha-1 of azolla compost and 75 kg ha-1 phosphate rock), and P8 (5 tons ha-1 azolla compost and 150 kg ha-1 of phosphate rock) and P9 (5 tons ha-1 manure) and P10 (50 kg ha-1 of urea, 100 kg ha-1 SP36, and 75 kg ha-1 KCl) as comparison treatments. The planting was conducted in the 30x40 cm pots filled with 12 kg of finely soil passes 2mm filter. Each pot planted with 3 seeds peanuts, then reduced to one crop per pot at 14 days after planting. Data were analyzed by F test 95% confidence level, if there is a significant influence followed by DMRT at 95% confidence level. Variables for this experiment are phosphor avaibility, CEC, organic matter, total N in the soil, fresh biomass and dry biomass peanut,height of the plant, fresh weight of pods, dry weight of pods, number of pods, dry seed weight and number of seed. The results showed that the best dose treatment was P8 which gives the highest of availability phosphor (13,01 ppm) and peanut yield (1,96 tons ha-1)Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui kombinasi terbaik pupuk kompos Azolla dan fosfat alam dalam meningkatkan ketersediaan P dan hasil kacang tanah. Penelitian dilaksanakan mulai bulan Mei 2012 hingga November 2012 di Pusat Penelitian Lahan Kering Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Sebelas Maret Surakarta, Kecamatan Jumantono, Kabupaten Karanganyar dan Laboratorium Kimia dan Kesuburan Tanah Universitas Sebelas Maret Surakarta. Rancangan penelitian yang digunakan adalah Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) dengan perlakuan merupakan kombinasi dari kompos Azolla dan pupuk fosfat alam yaitu P0 (tanpa pupuk), P1 (75 kg/ha fosfat alam), P2 (150 kg/ha fosfat alam), P3 (2,5 ton/ha kompos azolla), P4 (2,5 ton/ha kompos azolla dan 75 kg/ha fosfat alam), P5 (2,5 ton/ha kompos azolla dan 150 kg/ha), P6 (5 ton/ha kompos azolla), P7 (5 ton/ha kompos azolla dan 75 kg/ha fosfat alam), dan P8 (5 ton/ha kompos azolla dan 150 kg/ha fosfat alam) sebagai pembanding adalah P9 (5 ton/ha pupuk kandang) dan P10 (50 kg/ha Urea, 100 kg/ha Sp36, dan 75 kg/ha KCl). Penanaman dilakukan pada pot dengan ukuran 30x40 cm yang diisi 12 kg tanah halus lolos 2mm filter. Setiap pot ditanami 3 benih kacang tanah, kemudian dikurangi menjadi 1 tanaman per pot pada 14 hari setelah tanam. Analisis data menggunakan sidik ragam pada aras kepercayaan 95%, apabila ada pengaruh nyata dilanjutkan dengan uji DMRT pada aras kepercayaan 95%. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan dosis rekomendasi terbaik adalah perlakuan P8 yang memberikan pengaruh paling baik terhadap ketersediaan fosfor tanah Alfisol (13,01 ppm) dan hasil kacang tanah paling tinggi (1,96 ton/ha)
STUDI TENTANG Aspergilus flavus DAN AFLATOKSIN PADA TAHAP BUDIDAYA KACANG TANAH DARI BEBERAPA LOKASI LAHAN KERING DI KABUPATEN KARANGANYAR
Get PDFTitle : The Study of Aspergilus flavus and Aflatoxin in Peanut Culture on Selected Dry-Land Fields at Karanganyar District. The study was aimed at: 1) Obtaining the data of Aspergilus flavus and Aflatoxin existence in soil and peanut pod of selected dry-land fields at Karanganyar district; 2) Observing the correlation between soil characteristics and the existence of Aspergilus flavus and Aflatoxin. This research was a comparative descriptive experiment, which was conducted from May to November, 2008. The method was by surveying five sub-districts of dry-land fields included: 1) Tasikmadu; 2) Karanganyar; 3) Mojogedang; 4) Jumantono, and 5) Jaten. The observation parameters were consisted of main variables (A. flavus in soil, A. flavus in peanut pod and aflatoxin in peanut pod) and sub-main variables (pH, organic C, total N, soil moisture content and peanut pod’s moisture content). The mean test was then employed to process the obtained data after the laboratory analysis, followed with correlation test to determine the interaction between main and sub-main variables. The results showed that all the selected locations were infected with A. flavus, with the highest population in soil was in the Jaten sub-district (143 cfu.g-1 soil) and the highest population in peanut pod was in the Jumantono sub-district (50.67 cfu.g-1 pod). None of the peanut pods were infected with aflatoxin. Total N, carbon C, pH and soil moisture influenced the existence of A. flavus in soil and peanut pod. Keywords: Aflatoxin, Aspergilus flavus, peanutThe study was aimed at: 1) Obtaining the data of Aspergilus flavus and Aflatoxin existence in soil and peanut pod of selected dry-land fields at Karanganyar district; 2) Observing the correlation between soil characteristics and the existence of Aspergilus flavus and Aflatoxin. This research was a comparative descriptive experiment, which was conducted from May to November, 2008. The method was by surveying five sub-districts of dry-land fields included: 1) Tasikmadu; 2) Karanganyar; 3) Mojogedang; 4) Jumantono, and 5) Jaten. The observation parameters were consisted of main variables (A. flavus in soil, A. flavus in peanut pod and aflatoxin in peanut pod) and sub-main variables (pH, organic C, total N, soil moisture content and peanut pod’s moisture content). The mean test was then employed to process the obtained data after the laboratory analysis, followed with correlation test to determine the interaction between main and sub-main variables. The results showed that all the selected locations were infected with A. flavus, with the highest population in soil was in the Jaten sub-district (143 cfu.g-1 soil) and the highest population in peanut pod was in the Jumantono sub-district (50.67 cfu.g-1 pod). None of the peanut pods were infected with aflatoxin. Total N, carbon C, pH and soil moisture influenced the existence of A. flavus in soil and peanut pod. Keywords: Aflatoxin, Aspergilus flavus, peanu
KAJIAN KESESUAIAN DOLINE UNTUK BEBERAPA TANAMAN SEMUSIM DI DAERAH KARST GUNUNGSEWU DENGAN PENDEKATAN GEOMORFOLOGI (Studi kasus di kecamatan Ponjong dan Rongkop, Gunung Kidul, Yogyakata)
No full textThe observation has a goal to obtain the answer on land problem at Ponjong and Rongkop Districts which lie on Gunungsewu area based on geomorphology approach. The case which is being observed is it low of seasonal agriculture result in that area has a relation to the land. As we know that the area (gunungsewu karst topography) has specifi cation for doline and connical hills.
The observation is done by using geomorphology survey approach which emphasizes to some aspects: land form, soils, geomorphology process, interview and bibliography. Population in the observation is karst topography and karst farmers and for the sample are doline and karst farmers (land owners) that have been choosen based on purposive. And for the land sample was appointed based on geomorpho-doline character observation. In analyzing the doliize used qualitative and quantitative methods by matching between land quality and seasonal plants growth requirenments (gogo ewe, corn, peanut and soya bean).
The observation result was known that : (1) doline has marginal land for the seasonal plants (gogo rice, corn, peanut and soya bean) with main limit factor is lack ofphosphor, (2) karst farmer cultivate and fertilize still traditional ways only in soils crack depth (x < 25 cm) and was done in fourth season (18th September- 12th October) so in fifth season (13th October - 8th November) gogo rice, peanut and soya bean seeds begin growing, (3) the best plant pattern is tumpangsari but in making the pattern of plant has to be tried by seeing the doline contour to the center of doline
PEMETAAN TINGKAT BAHAYA EROSI LAHAN KERING DI KECAMATAN JATIPURO KABUPATEN KARANGANYAR DENGAN SISTEM INFORMASI GEOGRAFI (SIG)
Get PDFTitle : The Degree of Erosion Hazard Mapping in Dry Land at Jatipuro Sub District of Karanganyar with Geographic Information System (GIS). This research had been conducted at Jatipuro, Sub District of Karanganyar from July until September, 2007. The aims of this research are to know degree of erosion danger and to map that degree of erosion danger. This research was descriptive-explorative by field’s survey and laboratory analysis. Soil sampling technique using purposive sampling method. Site sampling determined with land mapping unit. Analysis of erosion level using USLE method, even though to know degree of erosion dangerous used the table of relation soil depth with erosion level. To make the map degree of erosion dangerous with Arc view GIS 3.3 software. The result of this research conclude that Jatipuro, Sub District of Karanganyar can be classified into 4 erosion dangerous class, with position and width area such that very light in 6th land mapping unit with width area 8.53 ha or 1.17% from total wide of research area. Light, in 1st, 4th, 7th, 12tnd and 16th land mapping units with width area 245.36 ha or 33.72% from total wide of research area. Middle class, in 2nd, 8th, 9th, 10th, 14th, 15th, 17th and 18th land mapping units with width area 181.59 ha or 24.95% from total wide area. Heavy class, in 3rd, 5th, 11th, 13th, 19th, 20th, 21st and 22nd land mapping units with width area 292.18 ha or 40.15% from total wide area. The management of conservation in the land with degree of erosion danger very light until light is low tillage applications, which this purpose is to create soil condition that supported growth of root, but also must be understood the result of tillage, which can be broken soil structures. For the lands with degree of erosion danger middle until heavy, the better conservation is needed. These lands needed terrace’s repairing, there are making bench terrace with middle construction for the middle class and more better terrace for the heavy one. For the best result to minimalist erosion level in this location, in terrace’s making also needed vegetative conservation, there is strip grass to strength the terrace, and also mulching. Keywords: degree of erosion hazard, dry land, GISThis research had been conducted at Jatipuro, Sub District of Karanganyar from July until September, 2007. The aims of this research are to know degree of erosion danger and to map that degree of erosion danger.
This research was descriptive-explorative by field’s survey and laboratory analysis. Soil sampling technique using purposive sampling method. Site sampling determined with land mapping unit. Analysis of erosion level using USLE method, even though to know degree of erosion dangerous used the table of relation soil depth with erosion level. To make the map degree of erosion dangerous with Arc view GIS 3.3 software.
The result of this research conclude that Jatipuro, Sub District of Karanganyar can be classified into 4 erosion dangerous class, with position and width area such that very light in 6th land mapping unit with width area 8.53 ha or 1.17% from total wide of research area. Light, in 1st, 4th, 7th, 12tnd and 16th land mapping units with width area 245.36 ha or 33.72% from total wide of research area. Middle class, in 2nd, 8th, 9th, 10th, 14th, 15th, 17th and 18th land mapping units with width area 181.59 ha or 24.95% from total wide area. Heavy class, in 3rd, 5th, 11th, 13th, 19th, 20th, 21st and 22nd land mapping units with width area 292.18 ha or 40.15% from total wide area.
The management of conservation in the land with degree of erosion danger very light until light is low tillage applications, which this purpose is to create soil condition that supported growth of root, but also must be understood the result of tillage, which can be broken soil structures. For the lands with degree of erosion danger middle until heavy, the better conservation is needed. These lands needed terrace’s repairing, there are making bench terrace with middle construction for the middle class and more better terrace for the heavy one. For the best result to minimalist erosion level in this location, in terrace’s making also needed vegetative conservation, there is strip grass to strength the terrace, and also mulching.
Keywords: degree of erosion hazard, dry land, GI
KAJIAN PENGGUNAAN HERBISIDA DAN CARA PENGOLAHAN TANAH PADA PERTUMBUHAN DAN PRODUKSI KEDELAI
Get PDFTitle : The Effect of Herbicide and Soil Cultivation to Growth the Soy Bean Yield. This experiment was carried out at Karangasem, Lawiyan, Surakarta. The soil type is Regosol with pH 5.5-6.0. The altitude is about 113 meter. The aims of this experiment were study the effect of soil cultivation and herbicide to growth the soy bean yield. A factorial 4x4 of randomized complete block design was used consisting 16 treatments combinations and three replications as blocks. The result showed that soil cultivation and Agroxone 4 was affected signification as regard to value of intoxication plants at the age of 30 and 45 days, the value of herbicide fought power of weed at the age 20, 30, and 45 days, the soil weed cover at the age of 20, 30, and 45 days, the fresh and dry weight of weed grasses, sedges and broad leaves. Keywords: Glycine max L Merr, Herbicide, Soil Cultivation, soybeanThis experiment was carried out at Karangasem, Lawiyan, Surakarta. The soil type is Regosol with pH 5.5-6.0. The altitude is about 113 meter. The aims of this experiment were study the effect of soil cultivation and herbicide to growth the soy bean yield. A factorial 4x4 of randomized complete block design was used consisting 16 treatments combinations and three replications as blocks. The result showed that soil cultivation and Agroxone 4 was affected signification as regard to value of intoxication plants at the age of 30 and 45 days, the value of herbicide fought power of weed at the age 20, 30, and 45 days, the soil weed cover at the age of 20, 30, and 45 days, the fresh and dry weight of weed grasses, sedges and broad leaves. Keywords: Glycine max L Merr, Herbicide, Soil Cultivation, soybea