Universitas Sebelas Maret Surakarta, Fakultas Pertanian UNS: Journal Systems
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PENDUGAAN PERKEMBANGAN ALFISOLS DI KECAMATAN JATIPURO, KARANGANYAR DENGAN MODEL KESTABILAN GENETIK
Get PDFTitle : The Development Prediction and Differentiated Alfisols at Jatipuro Sub District of Karanganyar with Genetic Stability Model. This research had been conducted at Jatipuro, Sub district of Karanganyar from July until September, 2007. The aim of this research are to know and comparing the development of Alfisols with genetic stability model. This research was descriptive‐explorative research, and the variables approached by field’s survey and supported by laboratory analysis. The site sampling on the fields determined with soil mapping unit. Samples for physical, chemicals and sand mineralogy properties was take from representative pedon or profile from each soil mapping unit. This research uses statistical analysis stepwise regression to know which the most variable can explain the soil development, and the Eberhart‐Russell’s genetic stability model to determine the degree of soil stability for any soil mapping unit. The result of this research can be concluded that the 3rd soil mapping unit (NGEPUNGSARI series, Ultic Hapludalfs, very fine, kaolinitic, active, non acid, isohyperthermic family) was the most’s stable in soil development, and followed by 1st soil mapping unit (JATISOBO series, Vertic Hapludalfs, very fine, kaolinitic, active, non acid, isohyperthermic family). Even though, the 2nd soil mapping unit (JATISUKO series, Typic Hapludalfs, very fine, kaolinitic, active, non acid, isohyperthermic family) was the most’s unstable in soil development. Each soil mapping unit also showed the difference of soil development, that looking from the endogen and exogen’s factors can be explained. Keywords: Alfisolfs, development, differentiated, Genetic Stability ModelThis research had been conducted at Jatipuro, Sub district of Karanganyar from July until September, 2007. The aim of this research are to know and comparing the development of Alfisols with genetic stability model. This research was descriptive‐explorative research, and the variables approached by field’s survey and supported by laboratory analysis. The site sampling on the fields determined with soil mapping unit. Samples for physical, chemicals and sand mineralogy properties was take from representative pedon or profile from each soil mapping unit. This research uses statistical analysis stepwise regression to know which the most variable can explain the soil development, and the Eberhart‐Russell’s genetic stability model to determine the degree of soil stability for any soil mapping unit. The result of this research can be concluded that the 3rd soil mapping unit (NGEPUNGSARI series, Ultic Hapludalfs, very fine, kaolinitic, active, non acid, isohyperthermic family) was the most’s stable in soil development, and followed by 1st soil mapping unit (JATISOBO series, Vertic Hapludalfs, very fine, kaolinitic, active, non acid, isohyperthermic family). Even though, the 2nd soil mapping unit (JATISUKO series, Typic Hapludalfs, very fine, kaolinitic, active, non acid, isohyperthermic family) was the most’s unstable in soil development. Each soil mapping unit also showed the difference of soil development, that looking from the endogen and exogen’s factors can be explained.
Keywords: Alfisolfs, development, differentiated, Genetic Stability Mode
ANALISIS KEBERLANJUTAN BIOFISIK LAHAN PADA BEBERAPA TIPE AGROEKOSISTEM DI SUB-DAS SAMIN, DAS BENGAWAN SOLO
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PENGARUH PEMBERIAN BUTIR LEUSIT DAN KONSENTRASI HNO3 TERHADAP KETERSEDIAAN K ENTISOLS BENGAWAN SOLO DENGAN INDIKATOR TANAMAN KACANG TANAH (Arachis hypogaea. L)
Get PDFTitle : The Effect of Leucite Grain and Nitric Acid Concentration on Potassium Availability of Bengawan Solo Entisols with Peanuts as Plant Indicator (Arachis hypogaea. L). Research in the Glass House of Agriculture Faculty of Sebelas Maret University have been made to study the effect of Leucite grain and nitric acid concentration against availability of potassium from Bengawan Solo Entisols made in April – September 2006. This research is a causal relationship functional research; the approach is done with variables factorial experiment using Complete Random Design (CRD) with 2 factors and 3 times repeated. First factor is adding the Leucite grain (L) consist of 4 stage, that is L0 (without Leucite), L1 (using 5 mesh of Leucite grain), L2 (using 30 mesh of Leucite grain) and L3 (using 80 mesh size of Leucite grain). Second is adding acid concentration of nitrate (M), consists of 4 stage that is M0 (without nitric acid), M1 (adding 0.1M of nitric acid), M2 (adding 0.2M of nitric acid), and M3 (adding 0,3M of nitric acid). The first shaken with second factor for 24 hours before applied to soil. Analysis of data is using Analysis of Variance and Duncan’s Multiple Range Test. Results of research shows the high K dissolved value on the acid concentration of nitrate with 10-1M after the first 24 hours shaking between the two factors, with soluble K value 172.52 cmol/kg of L1M1 addition, 120.48 cmol/kg of L2M1 addition, and 188.13 cmol/kg of L3M1 addition. Adding Leucite grain and nitric acid concentrations have lower soil available K value at the time of incubation with a value that is lower than 0.30 cmol / kg (L0M0 – control of treatment). In stage of maximum vegetative, the additions of two factors have to increase the value of average soil available K was 0.30 cmol/kg on the L3M2. K absorption by plants has the highest average value of 0.73 mg/ kg on L3M3 Keyword: Leucite, Nitrite acid, potassium availability, potassium absorption, weatheringResearch in the Glass House of Agriculture Faculty of Sebelas Maret University have been made to study the effect of Leucite grain and nitric acid concentration against availability of potassium from Bengawan Solo Entisols made in April – September 2006. This research is a causal relationship functional research; the approach is done with variables factorial experiment using Complete Random Design (CRD) with 2 factors and 3 times repeated. First factor is adding the Leucite grain (L) consist of 4 stage, that is L0 (without Leucite), L1 (using 5 mesh of Leucite grain), L2 (using 30 mesh of Leucite grain) and L3 (using 80 mesh size of Leucite grain). Second is adding acid concentration of nitrate (M), consists of 4 stage that is M0 (without nitric acid), M1 (adding 0.1M of nitric acid), M2 (adding 0.2M of nitric acid), and M3 (adding 0,3M of nitric acid). The first shaken with second factor for 24 hours before applied to soil. Analysis of data is using Analysis of Variance and Duncan’s Multiple Range Test. Results of research shows the high K dissolved value on the acid concentration of nitrate with 10-1M after the first 24 hours shaking between the two factors, with soluble K value 172.52 cmol/kg of L1M1 addition, 120.48 cmol/kg of L2M1 addition, and 188.13 cmol/kg of L3M1 addition. Adding Leucite grain and nitric acid concentrations have lower soil available K value at the time of incubation with a value that is lower than 0.30 cmol / kg (L0M0 – control of treatment). In stage of maximum vegetative, the additions of two factors have to increase the value of average soil available K was 0.30 cmol/kg on the L3M2. K absorption by plants has the highest average value of 0.73 mg/ kg on L3M3 Keyword: Leucite, Nitrite acid, potassium availability, potassium absorption, weatherin
PENGARUH PEMUPUKAN NPK DAN BAHAN ORGANIK PADA ABSORSI P, PERTUMBUHAN DAN HASIL KEDELAI DI PSAMMENTS BANTUL
No full textEffect of NPK Fertilizer and Organic Matter on P Absorption, Growth and Yield of Soybean in Psamments Bantul. The research aimed to study combination of NPK fertilizer, and manure on P absorption, growth, and yield of soybean in Psamments Bantul. The research was done in green house, Soil Physical and Chemical Laboratory, Department of Soil, Agricultural Faculty, Gadjah Mada University Yogyakarta from February to May 2007. The factorial completely randomized design with 2 factors and 3 replications used in the research with the first factor was dosage of cow manure (O) with 3 levels: O0 (0 ton/ha), O1 (20 ton/ha), and O2 (30 ton/ha). The second factor was dose of NPK fertilizer (A) with 5 levels: A0 (0 kg/ha), A1 (75 kg/ha), A2 (150 kg/ha), A3 (225 kg/ha), A4 (300 kg/ha). They were separated into two parts, forty five polybags were observed until maximal vegetative and the others were observed on harvesting to observe amount of seed per plant and seed dry weight per plant. Data analyzed using Analysis of Variance with 5% significance of level and followed with Duncan`s Multiple Range Test (DMRT). The results indicated that interaction between NPK fertilizer and manure effected significantly on P content of shoot, P absorption of shoot and root wet weight with best dose combination of 300 kg/ha of NPK fertilizer and 30 ton/ha manure. Concentration of P in 300 kg/ha NPK equivalent to 35.25 kg/ha of SP‐36 can’t increased plant growth and yield of soybean due to the dose is lower than dose of SP‐36 fertilizer that generally used by farmer. Keywords: NPK fertilizer, organic matter, soybean, psammentsThe research aimed to study combination of NPK fertilizer, and manure on P absorption, growth, and yield of soybean in Psamments Bantul. The research was done in green house, Soil Physical and Chemical Laboratory, Department of Soil, Agricultural Faculty, Gadjah Mada University Yogyakarta from February to May 2007.
The factorial completely randomized design with 2 factors and 3 replications used in the research with the first factor was dosage of cow manure (O) with 3 levels: O0 (0 ton/ha), O1 (20 ton/ha), and O2 (30 ton/ha). The second factor was dose of NPK fertilizer (A) with 5 levels: A0 (0 kg/ha), A1 (75 kg/ha), A2 (150 kg/ha), A3 (225 kg/ha), A4 (300 kg/ha). They were separated into two parts, forty five polybags were observed until maximal vegetative and the others were observed on harvesting to observe amount of seed per plant and seed dry weight per plant. Data analyzed using Analysis of Variance with 5% significance of level and followed with Duncan`s Multiple Range Test (DMRT).
The results indicated that interaction between NPK fertilizer and manure effected significantly on P content of shoot, P absorption of shoot and root wet weight with best dose combination of 300 kg/ha of NPK fertilizer and 30 ton/ha manure. Concentration of P in 300 kg/ha NPK equivalent to 35.25 kg/ha of SP‐36 can’t increased plant growth and yield of soybean due to the dose is lower than dose of SP‐36 fertilizer that generally used by farmer.
Keywords: NPK fertilizer, organic matter, soybean, psamment
PENGARUH PUPUK KANDANG SAPI DENGAN BIODEKOMPOSER DAN PUPUK ANORGANIK TERHADAP EFISIENSI SERAPAN K DAN HASIL TANAMAN PADI (Oryza sativa L.) DI LAHAN SAWAH PALUR SUKOHARJO
Get PDFTitle : The Effect of Cow Manure with Biodecompocer and Inorganic Fertility to Efficiency of K Absorption and Yield of Paddy (Oryza sativa L.) on Paddy Field Palur Sukoharjo. This research was conducted from January–August 2008 in paddy field, Palur Sukoharjo. The aim of this research were to know the effect of cow manure with Biodecompocer and inorganic fertilizer to K uptake efficiency and the rice yield (Oryza sativa L.) in paddy field Palur Sukoharjo. This research used Randomized Completely Block Design (RCBD) with two factors. The first factor was dosage cow manure consist of 7 levels i.e.: B0 (no cow manure), B1 (2.5 t.ha-1cow manure), B2 (5 t.ha-1 cow manure), B3 (2.5 t.ha-1 +stardec), B4 (5 t.ha-1+stardec), B5 (2.5 t.ha-1 +earthworm), B6 (5 t.ha-1 +earthworm). The second factor was Inorganic fertilizer consist of 3 levels i.e.: (without inorganic fertilizer) A0; (Urea 150 kg.ha-1, ZA 50 kg.ha-1, SP36 dosage 75 kg.ha-1 and KCl 50 kg.ha-1) A1; and (Urea 300 kg.ha-1, ZA 100 kg.ha-1, SP36 150 kg.ha-1 and KCl 100 kg.ha-1) A2. Data was analyzed with F-tested level 1% and 5% or Kruskal Wallis test, and continued with Duncan Multiple Range Test 5% (DMRT 5%) or mood median, and correlation test to know relation between observation variable. The result of this research shows that the highest efficiency of K uptake was achieved at 2.5 t.ha-1 cow manure+stardec and Urea 300 kg.ha-1, ZA 100 kg.ha-1 , SP36 150 kg.ha-1 and KCl 100 kg.ha-1 its 4.67%. The highest weight of 1,000 seed was achieved at 5 t.ha-1 cow manure+earthworm and without inorganic fertilizer its 28.79 gr. The highest weight of dry yield rice was achieved (GKG) at 5 t.ha-1 cow manure+stardec and Urea 150 kg.ha-1, ZA 50 kg.ha-1, SP36 75 kg.ha-1 and KCl 50 kg.ha-1) its 11.5 kg.18 m -2 6.39 t.ha-1. Keywords: cow manure, biodecomposer, K Efficiency, paddyThis research was conducted from January–August 2008 in paddy field, Palur Sukoharjo. The aim of this research were to know the effect of cow manure with Biodecompocer and inorganic fertilizer to K uptake efficiency and the rice yield (Oryza sativa L.) in paddy field Palur Sukoharjo. This research used Randomized Completely Block Design (RCBD) with two factors. The first factor was dosage cow manure consist of 7 levels i.e.: B0 (no cow manure), B1 (2.5 t.ha-1cow manure), B2 (5 t.ha-1 cow manure), B3 (2.5 t.ha-1 +stardec), B4 (5 t.ha-1+stardec), B5 (2.5 t.ha-1 +earthworm), B6 (5 t.ha-1 +earthworm). The second factor was Inorganic fertilizer consist of 3 levels i.e.: (without inorganic fertilizer) A0; (Urea 150 kg.ha-1, ZA 50 kg.ha-1, SP36 dosage 75 kg.ha-1 and KCl 50 kg.ha-1) A1; and (Urea 300 kg.ha-1, ZA 100 kg.ha-1, SP36 150 kg.ha-1 and KCl 100 kg.ha-1) A2. Data was analyzed with F-tested level 1% and 5% or Kruskal Wallis test, and continued with Duncan Multiple Range Test 5% (DMRT 5%) or mood median, and correlation test to know relation between observation variable. The result of this research shows that the highest efficiency of K uptake was achieved at 2.5 t.ha-1 cow manure+stardec and Urea 300 kg.ha-1, ZA 100 kg.ha-1 , SP36 150 kg.ha-1 and KCl 100 kg.ha-1 its 4.67%. The highest weight of 1,000 seed was achieved at 5 t.ha-1 cow manure+earthworm and without inorganic fertilizer its 28.79 gr. The highest weight of dry yield rice was achieved (GKG) at 5 t.ha-1 cow manure+stardec and Urea 150 kg.ha-1, ZA 50 kg.ha-1, SP36 75 kg.ha-1 and KCl 50 kg.ha-1) its 11.5 kg.18 m -2 6.39 t.ha-1. Keywords: cow manure, biodecomposer, K Efficiency, padd
PEMANFAATAN RESIDU PENGGUNAAN PUPUK ORGANIK DAN PENAMBAHAN PUPUK UREA TERHADAP HASIL JAGUNG PADA LAHAN SAWAH BEKAS GALIAN C
Get PDFTitle : Residual Effect of Organic Fertilizer Utilization and Addition of Urea Fertilizer on The Yield of Corn on The C-Excavation Paddy Soil. The purposes of this study were to determine the effect of organic fertilizer residues and addition of urea fertilizers in improving soil fertility in the C excavation paddy soil and the yield of corn (Zea mays, L). Research was conducted by using completely randomized design (CRD) single factor, consisting of six treatments, as follows, P0: Control, residue treatment of : inorganic fertilizer (P1), Cow manure (P2), Bokhasi fertilizer (P3), manure and inorganic fertilizer (P4), Bokhasi and inorganic fertilizer (P5). Urea fertilizer was added a quarter of recommended dose for each treatment residue. It was given twice, except for the control treatment, and repeated 4 times, and placed randomly. Observations of soil chemical properties comprising: soil pH, C-organic, BS, CEC and the N-total crop land, while parameters of the plants, including components of the growth and yield of corn, were also observed. The results showed that the residue of organic fertilizer and the addition of urea fertilizer were able to increase the fertility of the C-excavation paddy soil. It has been proved by the growth and yield of corn were increased, such as plant height, fresh and dry weight of plant, weight and girth of the highest cob. Residual treatment obtained from the treatment of organic and inorganic fertilizer showed significantly different with the addition of urea fertilizer, as compared to control, however it showed not significantly different to other treatments.Penelitian berjudul “Pemanfaatan Residu Penggunaan Pupuk Organik Dan Penambahan Pupuk Urea Terhadap Hasil Jagung Pada Lahan Sawah bekas Galian C” telah dilakukan di Sukosari, Jumantono Karanganyar. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui residu penggunaan pupuk organik dan penambahan pupuk urea dalam meningkatkan kesuburan tanah pada lahan sawah bekas galian C serta pertumbuhan dan hasil jagung (Zea mays, L) Penelitian menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) faktor tunggal, terdiri atas 6 perlakuan yaitu P0 : Kontrol , P1 : Residu perlakuan Pupuk anorganik/buatan sesuai anjuran, P2 : Residu perlakuan pupuk kandang, dosis 5 ton ha-1 , P3 : Residu perlakuan pupuk Bokhasi, dosis 5 ton ha-1 , P4 : Residu perlakuan pupuk kandang dan pupuk anorganik anjuran (50 : 50) dan P5 : Residu perlakuan pupuk Bokhasi dan pupuk anorganik anjuran (50 : 50) masing-masing perlakuan residu ditambahkan pupuk Urea seperempat dosis anjuran yang diberikan dua kali kecuali pada kontrol dan diulang 4 kali dan diletakkan secara acak Pengamatan terhadap sifat kimia tanah (sifat yang dipakai sebagai penentu kesuburan tanah) yang terdiri atas : pH tanah, Kadar bahan organik tanah (C organik), Kejenuhan basa (KB), Kapasitas Tukar kation (KTK) dan N-total tanah sedang Parameter tanaman yang diamati adalah komponen pertumbuhan dan hasil tanaman jagung. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa residu pemberian pupuk organik dan penambahan pupuk urea mampu meningkatkan kesuburan tanah sawah bekas galian C, terbukti meningkatnya pertumbuhan dan hasil jagung, seperti tinggi tanaman, berat brangkasan kering, berat tongkol dan lingkar tongkol tertinggi dan berbeda nyata didapat pada perlakuan residu pupuk kandang : pupuk anorganik (50 : 50)% dengan penambahan pupuk urea, dibanding kontrol, namun tidak berbeda nyata dengan perlakuan lain
UJI EFEKTIVITAS UNSUR MAGNESIUM DALAM PUPUK DAUN TERHADAP SERANGAN PENYAKIT TIKKA DAN HASIL TANAMAN KACANG TANAH (Arachis Hypogaea L.)
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PEMETAAN KUALITAS TANAH PADA BEBERAPA PENGGUNAAN LAHAN DI KECAMATAN JATIPURO KABUPATEN KARANGANYAR
Get PDFTitle: Soil Quality Mapping on Some Land Use in Jatipuro Regency, Karanganyar District. This research was conducted on January-August 2008. Used Randomized Completely Block Design (RCBD) that arranged in factorial with two factors. The first factor was 3 levels of inorganic fertilizer dosage i.e.: without inorganic fertilizer (A1), urea dosage 150 kg.ha-1, SP-36 dosage 75 kg.ha-1, KCl dosage 50 kg.ha-1, and ZA dosage 50 kg.ha-1 (A2), urea dosage 300 kg.ha-1, SP-36 dosage 150 kg.ha-1, KCl dosage 100 kg.ha-1, and ZA dosage 100 kg.ha-1 (A3). And second factor were 3 levels of quail manure dosage i.e.: without quail manure (O1), quail manure dosage 3 Mg.ha-1 (O2); quail manure dosage 6 Mg.ha-1 (O3). Statistical analysis that used was F test or Kruskal-Wallis test, Duncan Multiple Range (DMR) test at 5% in level, and Correlation test. The research result showed that the highest P uptake efficiency, agronomy efficiency, and the grain dry weight was achieved on 50% of inorganic fertilizer recommendation dosage (urea dosage 150 kg.ha-1, SP-36 dosage 75 kg.ha-1, KCl dosage 50 kg.ha-1, and ZA dosage 50 kg.ha-1) and 6 Mg.ha-1of quail manure treatment (A2O3) in mount of 38.83%, 30.40%, and 6.22 Mg.ha-1 respectively. P uptake efficiency in that treatment was increased as much 13.83% than the same treatment in session I. Generally, the grain dry weight on season II lower than season I. The significant decrease in mount of 2,33 Mg/ha-1 found on treatment of inorganic fertilizer present in 50% of recommendation dosage (urea dosage 150 kg.ha-1, SP-36 dosage 75 kg.ha-1, KCl dosage 50 kg. ha-1, and ZA dosage 50 kg.ha-1) and 3 Mg.ha-1 of quail manure treatment (A2O2). Keywords: quail manure, inorganic fertilizer, uptake efficiency, the dry grain weight paddyThis research was conducted on January-August 2008. Used Randomized Completely Block Design (RCBD) that arranged in factorial with two factors. The first factor was 3 levels of inorganic fertilizer dosage i.e.: without inorganic fertilizer (A1), urea dosage 150 kg.ha-1, SP-36 dosage 75 kg.ha-1, KCl dosage 50 kg.ha-1, and ZA dosage 50 kg.ha-1 (A2), urea dosage 300 kg.ha-1, SP-36 dosage 150 kg.ha-1, KCl dosage 100 kg.ha-1, and ZA dosage 100 kg.ha-1 (A3). And second factor were 3 levels of quail manure dosage i.e.: without quail manure (O1), quail manure dosage 3 Mg.ha-1 (O2); quail manure dosage 6 Mg.ha-1 (O3). Statistical analysis that used was F test or Kruskal-Wallis test, Duncan Multiple Range (DMR) test at 5% in level, and Correlation test.
The research result showed that the highest P uptake efficiency, agronomy efficiency, and the grain dry weight was achieved on 50% of inorganic fertilizer recommendation dosage (urea dosage 150 kg.ha-1, SP-36 dosage 75 kg.ha-1, KCl dosage 50 kg.ha-1, and ZA dosage 50 kg.ha-1) and 6 Mg.ha-1of quail manure treatment (A2O3) in mount of 38.83%, 30.40%, and 6.22 Mg.ha-1 respectively. P uptake efficiency in that treatment was increased as much 13.83% than the same treatment in session I. Generally, the grain dry weight on season II lower than season I. The significant decrease in mount of 2,33 Mg/ha-1 found on treatment of inorganic fertilizer present in 50% of recommendation dosage (urea dosage 150 kg.ha-1, SP-36 dosage 75 kg.ha-1, KCl dosage 50 kg. ha-1, and ZA dosage 50 kg.ha-1) and 3 Mg.ha-1 of quail manure treatment (A2O2).
Keywords: quail manure, inorganic fertilizer, uptake efficiency, the dry grain weight padd
Technical efficiency in agriculture
No full textMendukung pertanian di negara-negara berkembang adalah pendekatan yang paling efektif untuk meningkatkan kehidupan jutaan orang yang hidup dalam kemiskinan. Petani merupakan mayoritas orang miskin di dunia, dan mereka yang tidak menghabiskan sebagian besar uang mereka untuk makanan.Mengubah sektor pertanian suatu negara dapat menghasilkan lebih banyak pekerjaan, pendapatan yang lebih tinggi, lebih sedikit kekurangan gizi, dan lompatan ke pertumbuhan pendapatan menengah. Pada kenyataannya, hampir setiap negara industri memulai pembangunan ekonominya dengan pergeseran di bidang pertanian.Bagi sebagian orang, transformasi pertanian telah berhenti atau tidak berkembang seperti yang diharapkan. Bahkan jika pemerintah memprioritaskan investasi pertanian dan mengakui pentingnya melakukannya dengan benar, menavigasi kompleksitas pergeseran pasti sulit bagi mereka