Universitas Sebelas Maret Surakarta, Fakultas Pertanian UNS: Journal Systems
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KAJIAN EFEKTIFITAS PENGENDALIAN HAMA PADI SECARA ALAMI DENGAN SEMUT PREDATOR YANG BERSARANG DI TANAH (Solenopsis geminata (F))
Get PDFTitle : The Study of the effectiveness of Rice Pest Control naturally by Solenopsis geminata (F) as Soil Biological Agents. The research on Rice Pest Control with Soil Biological Agents Solenopsis geminata (F) has been implemented in the Karanganyar Region consists four districts. The districts are Karanganyar, Jumantono, Karangpandan, and Tasikmadu. The research was conducted by survey methods and field experiments. The study was conducted on paddy field with an average daily temperature of 32 ° C, and at 150 -350 m altitude above sea level. The main objective of this study was to determine the distribution and diversity of insects in the paddy field in Karanganyar. The locations were district of Jumantono, Karangpandan, and Tasikmadu. The results showed that the insect was in the vegetative phase in rice planting Karangpandan had 13 kinds of insects with the diversity index of Shannon-Weaner was 1.63, while for the district that the highest of diversity index value was Tasikmadu district by 2, 33 with the number of insects was 14. In the paddy field at generative phase, the lowest of index diversity was Karanganyar by 2,01; while the highest was in district of Karangpandan at 2,19.Penelitian tentang Kajian Efektifitas Pengendalian Hama Padi dengan Agens Hayati Solenopsis geminata (F) secara alami telah dilaksanakan di Wilayah Kabupaten Karanganyar meliputi empat kecamatan, yaitu Kecamatan Karanganyar, Jumantono, Karangpandan, dan Tasikmadu dengan menggunakan metode survei dan percobaan lapangan. Penelitian dilakukan pada pertanaman padi yang ditanam di daerah yang memiliki temperatur harian rata-rata 32 oC, yaitu pada daerah ketinggian 150 -350 m di atas permukaan laut. Tujuan utama penelitian ini adalah mengetahui sebaran, keragaman, dan efektifitas pengendalian semut predator yang bersarang di tanah (Solenopsis geminata (F)) terhadap pertanaman padi yang ada di wilayah Kecamatan Karanganyar, Jumantono, Karangpandan, dan Tasikmadu. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa serangga yang ada di pertanaman padi fase vegetatif di Karangpandan memiliki 13 jenis serangga dengan indeks keragaman menurut Shanon-Weaner yang paling rendah yaitu 1,63; sedangkan untuk kecamatan yang memiliki nilai indeks keragaman yang tinggi adalah Kecamatan Tasikmadu yang mencapai 2,33 dengan jumlah jenis serangga adalah 14. Pada pertanaman padi fase generatif indeks keragaman yang terendah adalah di Kecamatan Karanganyar dengan nilai 2.01; sedangkan yang tertinggi terdapat pada pertanaman padi di Kecamatan Karangpandan
PREDIKSI EROSI DAN SEDIMENTASI DENGAN METODE USLE DAN MUSLE PADA KAWASAN HUTAN JATI (Tectona Grandis LF ) Dl KPH CEPU JAWA TENGAH
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EVALUASI KESESUAIAN “BEBERAPA JENIS TANAMAN” DALAM SISTEM WANATANI DI WILAYAH DESA NGADIPIRO KECAMATAN NGUNTORONADI KABUPATEN WONOGIRI
Get PDFTitle : Evaluation “Appropriatness of Some Kinds of plant” in The System of Agroforestry in The Area Ngadipiro, Nguntoronadi, Wonogiri. The research was conducted in July 2008 until October 2008, in Ngadipiro, Nguntoronadi, Wonogiri. The research is aimed to evaluated the appropriateness of the plant teak, cashew fruit, melinjo, ground nut and grass the setaria as a part in the agroforestry system in Ngadipiro, Nguntoronadi, Wonogiri and to give some kind of agroforestry planting pattern model among teak, cashew fruit, melinjo, ground nut and grass the setaria in Ngadipiro, Nguntoronadi, Wonogiri. The research is fenomological qualitative description research it means that the research takes the data from the field which is supported by quantitative analysis in laboratory. Set of analysis in the research is set of field map and the soil sample taking technique is purposive sampling method. While, to know the field appropriateness class, the research compares the quality and the field characteristic with the plant growing condition from PPT Bogor 2003. The planting pattern model is based or plant functions and according to planting pattern model proposal from PPLH 2008. To know assess the egibility of is effort farmer the researcher does the B/C ratio analysis and studies plant use value. The result of the research shows that the appropriateness of teak, cashew fruit, melinjo, ground nut and grass the setaria in Ngadipiro is around S3 to N (marginal appropriate to inappropriate). There are three planting pattern model which can be used to lessening level of erosion danger in Ngadipiro. They are Model A (The mix of teak, cashew fruit, ground nut and grass the setaria), Model B (The mix of teak, melinjo, ground nut and grass the setaria) and Model C (The mix of teak cashew fruit, melinjo, ground nut and grass the setaria) While from the B/C ratio analysis and assess the egibility of is effort farmer which based on the use of the plant shows that of teak, cashew fruit, melinjo, ground nut and grass the setaria is appropriate to be tried and to be developed in the research field in Ngadipiro. Keywords: agroforestry, plant approprianteness, planting patternThe research was conducted in July 2008 until October 2008, in Ngadipiro, Nguntoronadi, Wonogiri. The research is aimed to evaluated the appropriateness of the plant teak, cashew fruit, melinjo, ground nut and grass the setaria as a part in the agroforestry system in Ngadipiro, Nguntoronadi, Wonogiri and to give some kind of agroforestry planting pattern model among teak, cashew fruit, melinjo, ground nut and grass the setaria in Ngadipiro, Nguntoronadi, Wonogiri. The research is fenomological qualitative description research it means that the research takes the data from the field which is supported by quantitative analysis in laboratory. Set of analysis in the research is set of field map and the soil sample taking technique is purposive sampling method. While, to know the field appropriateness class, the research compares the quality and the field characteristic with the plant growing condition from PPT Bogor 2003. The planting pattern model is based or plant functions and according to planting pattern model proposal from PPLH 2008. To know assess the egibility of is effort farmer the researcher does the B/C ratio analysis and studies plant use value. The result of the research shows that the appropriateness of teak, cashew fruit, melinjo, ground nut and grass the setaria in Ngadipiro is around S3 to N (marginal appropriate to inappropriate). There are three planting pattern model which can be used to lessening level of erosion danger in Ngadipiro. They are Model A (The mix of teak, cashew fruit, ground nut and grass the setaria), Model B (The mix of teak, melinjo, ground nut and grass the setaria) and Model C (The mix of teak cashew fruit, melinjo, ground nut and grass the setaria) While from the B/C ratio analysis and assess the egibility of is effort farmer which based on the use of the plant shows that of teak, cashew fruit, melinjo, ground nut and grass the setaria is appropriate to be tried and to be developed in the research field in Ngadipiro.
Keywords: agroforestry, plant approprianteness, planting patter
KERAGAMAN DAN LAYANAN EKOLOGI MAKROFAUNA EPIGEIK PADA PERTANAMAN WORTEL (Daucus carota L.) YANG DIBERI BERBAGAI IMBANGAN PUPUK ORGANIK DAN ANORGANIK
Get PDFTitle : Diversity and Ecological Services of Epigeic Macrofauna in Carrot Crop (Daucus carota L.) with Some Proportions of Organic and Inorganic Fertilizers. Recently ecological services by macrofauna diversity to sustainable production function of agroecosystem got a lot of attention. Epigeic macrofauna is diverse of macrofaunas which their life and activities are on the land surface, act as decomposer, litter transformer, and`predator, so they are important to keep ecosystem stability. Inorganic fertilizer usage continually on carrot crop without organic fertilizer can reduce soil macrofauna diversity. Improvement can be done by the use of organic and inorganic fertilizer equally. The aim of this research was to measure epigeic macrofauna diversity and their ecological services to carrot production by giving some proportions of organic and anorganic fertilizer. The research conducted in the end of December 2007 in a farmer field in Tawangmangu. It use RAKL (Random Completly Block Design) with single factor treatment. The treatment was fertilizer type usage proportion of organic and inorganic fertilizer. They were composed of 9 proporsition composition as follows: control, 50% inorganic fertilizer, 100% inorganic fertilizer, 50% organic fertilizer, 50% organic fertilizer added by 50% inorganic fertilizer, 50% organic fertilizer added by 100% inorganic fertilizer, 100% organic fertilizer, 100% organic fertilizer added by 50% inorganic fertilizer, 100% organic fertilizer added by 100% inorganic fertilizer. 100% inorganic fertilizer were composed of Urea 150 kg ha-1, SP 36 200 kg ha-1, and KCL 100 kg ha-1. 100% dosage organic fertilizer was 20 tons ha-1. To recognize the treatment effect is done by F test and close relationship among variables tested by corelation analysis. The result showed that organic and inorganic fertilizer proportion didn’t significant to diversity, population dencity and biomass epigeic macrofauna, but affected to β caroten content of carrot. Hymenoptera was dominant macrofauna in carrot crop. Macrofauna function to increase β caroten of carrot is indirect. Key words: fertilizer proportion, epigeic macrofauna, caroten, Hymenoptera, ecological serviceRecently ecological services by macrofauna diversity to sustainable production function of agroecosystem got a lot of attention. Epigeic macrofauna is diverse of macrofaunas which their life and activities are on the land surface, act as decomposer, litter transformer, and`predator, so they are important to keep ecosystem stability. Inorganic fertilizer usage continually on carrot crop without organic fertilizer can reduce soil macrofauna diversity. Improvement can be done by the use of organic and inorganic fertilizer equally. The aim of this research was to measure epigeic macrofauna diversity and their ecological services to carrot production by giving some proportions of organic and anorganic fertilizer. The research conducted in the end of December 2007 in a farmer field in Tawangmangu. It use RAKL (Random Completly Block Design) with single factor treatment. The treatment was fertilizer type usage proportion of organic and inorganic fertilizer. They were composed of 9 proporsition composition as follows: control, 50% inorganic fertilizer, 100% inorganic fertilizer, 50% organic fertilizer, 50% organic fertilizer added by 50% inorganic fertilizer, 50% organic fertilizer added by 100% inorganic fertilizer, 100% organic fertilizer, 100% organic fertilizer added by 50% inorganic fertilizer, 100% organic fertilizer added by 100% inorganic fertilizer. 100% inorganic fertilizer were composed of Urea 150 kg ha-1, SP 36 200 kg ha-1, and KCL 100 kg ha-1. 100% dosage organic fertilizer was 20 tons ha-1. To recognize the treatment effect is done by F test and close relationship among variables tested by corelation analysis. The result showed that organic and inorganic fertilizer proportion didn’t significant to diversity, population dencity and biomass epigeic macrofauna, but affected to β caroten content of carrot. Hymenoptera was dominant macrofauna in carrot crop. Macrofauna function to increase β caroten of carrot is indirect.
Key words: fertilizer proportion, epigeic macrofauna, β caroten, Hymenoptera, ecological servic
UJI PEMBERIAN LEGIN DAN PUPUK K TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN TANAMAN KEDELAI (Glycine max (L.) Merrill) PADA KONDISI CEKAMAN NaCl
Get PDFTitle : Study of Legin and Potassium Fertilizer on Growth of Soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merrill) Under Different NaCl Stress. The research purposed to study the effectively of legin and potassium fertilizer under different NaCl stress on growth of soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merrill). An experimental research 2 X 3 X 4 was held with split-split plot design. The first factor was legin as main factor consisted of without legin (L0) and with legin (L1), the second factor was NaCl concentration as sub factor consisted of 0 mM (S0), 30 mM (S1), 60 mM (S2) and the third factor was ZK potassium fertilizer dosages as sub–sub factors consisted of 0 kg/ha (K0), 25 kg/ha (K1), 50 kg/ha (K2), 100 kg/ha (K3). Thus the number of combinations was 24, then 3 replicates was carried out for every combination. The variables are height of plant, chlorophyll content, total area of leaves, fresh weight of shoot, dry weight of shoot, shoot-root ratio, length of root, and N content of plant. The obtained data were analyzed using analysis of variance procedure at 5% level, if showed significant continued by 5 % of Duncan’s Multiple Range Test (DMRT) and regression analysis. The result showed that NaCl concentration decreased total area of leaves. The highest mean was 573.95 cm2 at NaCl concentration 0 mM and the lowest mean was 421.34 cm2 at NaCl concentration 60 mM. Legin decreased the shoot-root ratio at 2 WAP (Week after Planting); the means are 18.41 at without legin and 10.04 at with legin. ZK potassium fertilizer increased total area of leaves and dry weight of shoot. ZK potassium fertilizer that increased the total area of leaves is 25 kg/ha, while at dry weight of shoot is 50 kg/ha. Interaction between legin and ZK potassium fertilizer held at total area of leaves and N content of plant. Interaction between NaCl concentration and ZK potassium fertilizer held at height of plant, total area of leaves, and shoot-root ratio. Interaction between three factors held at height of plant, total area of leaves and N content of plant. The highest dry weight of shoot 3.35 g at with legin, NaCl concentration 60 mM, ZK potassium fertilizer 50 kg/ha and the lowest 1.41 g at without legin, NaCl concentration 30 mM, ZK potassium fertilizer 0 kg/ha. Keywords: legin, NaCl stress, potassium fertilizer, soybeanThe research purposed to study the effectively of legin and potassium fertilizer under different NaCl stress on growth of soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merrill). An experimental research 2 X 3 X 4 was held with split-split plot design. The first factor was legin as main factor consisted of without legin (L0) and with legin (L1), the second factor was NaCl concentration as sub factor consisted of 0 mM (S0), 30 mM (S1), 60 mM (S2) and the third factor was ZK potassium fertilizer dosages as sub–sub factors consisted of 0 kg/ha (K0), 25 kg/ha (K1), 50 kg/ha (K2), 100 kg/ha (K3). Thus the number of combinations was 24, then 3 replicates was carried out for every combination. The variables are height of plant, chlorophyll content, total area of leaves, fresh weight of shoot, dry weight of shoot, shoot-root ratio, length of root, and N content of plant. The obtained data were analyzed using analysis of variance procedure at 5% level, if showed significant continued by 5 % of Duncan’s Multiple Range Test (DMRT) and regression analysis. The result showed that NaCl concentration decreased total area of leaves. The highest mean was 573.95 cm2 at NaCl concentration 0 mM and the lowest mean was 421.34 cm2 at NaCl concentration 60 mM. Legin decreased the shoot-root ratio at 2 WAP (Week after Planting); the means are 18.41 at without legin and 10.04 at with legin. ZK potassium fertilizer increased total area of leaves and dry weight of shoot. ZK potassium fertilizer that increased the total area of leaves is 25 kg/ha, while at dry weight of shoot is 50 kg/ha. Interaction between legin and ZK potassium fertilizer held at total area of leaves and N content of plant. Interaction between NaCl concentration and ZK potassium fertilizer held at height of plant, total area of leaves, and shoot-root ratio. Interaction between three factors held at height of plant, total area of leaves and N content of plant. The highest dry weight of shoot 3.35 g at with legin, NaCl concentration 60 mM, ZK potassium fertilizer 50 kg/ha and the lowest 1.41 g at without legin, NaCl concentration 30 mM, ZK potassium fertilizer 0 kg/ha. Keywords: legin, NaCl stress, potassium fertilizer, soybea
PENYUSUNAN MODEL PENGELOLAAN KUALITAS TANAH SAWAH DI KECAMATAN JATIPURO KABUPATEN KARANGANYAR
Get PDFTitle : Paddy Soil Quality Management Modeling in District of Jatipuro, Karanganyar Regency. The intensive paddy soil management were known caused the soil degradation, thus the proper paddy soil quality management was needed to maintain the sustainability of soil function. The aim of the research was built a model that can be used as the reference of paddy soil quality management in district of Jatipuro, Karanganyar regency. The research was executed on October 2008 until February 2009. The research was descriptive explorative, carried out by collecting secondary data for model building and getting sample based on random sampling method at paddy soil in each Soil Map Unit (SMU), laboratory analysis for each selected soil quality indicator, and field observation for model validation. The results showed that the builded model: SQi = 0,414 + 0,363 pH, can be used as the reference of paddy soil quality management in district of Jatipuro. Based on the model then the recommendation of paddy soil quality management could be determined, through increasing pH by submerged the soil and delay the rice planting about 2 weeks after flooding. Keywords: model, paddy soil quality, district of JatipuroThe intensive paddy soil management were known caused the soil degradation, thus the proper paddy soil quality management was needed to maintain the sustainability of soil function. The aim of the research was built a model that can be used as the reference of paddy soil quality management in district of Jatipuro, Karanganyar regency. The research was executed on October 2008 until February 2009. The research was descriptive explorative, carried out by collecting secondary data for model building and getting sample based on random sampling method at paddy soil in each Soil Map Unit (SMU), laboratory analysis for each selected soil quality indicator, and field observation for model validation. The results showed that the builded model: SQi = 0,414 + 0,363 pH, can be used as the reference of paddy soil quality management in district of Jatipuro. Based on the model then the recommendation of paddy soil quality management could be determined, through increasing pH by submerged the soil and delay the rice planting about 2 weeks after flooding.
Keywords: model, paddy soil quality, district of Jatipur
PENGARUH MACAM MEDIA DAN KONSENTRASI PUPUK FERMENTASI AMPAS TAHU TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN DAN HASIL TANAMAN SELEDRI (Apium graveolens L.) SECARA HIDROPONIK
Get PDFTitle : The Effect of Media Various and Concentration of Tofu Waste Fermentation Manure to Growth and Yield of Celery (Apium graveolens L.) by Hydroponic. Celery Apium graveolens L.) is a kind of leave vegetable which has a function to be an aroma addition in vegetables. This plant can grow in upland and low land. The best planting time at the first rain has fallen or the end of rain season. For to get continue yield, celery can cultured by hydroponic with use some plant media. Besides that, organic manure can used for increase plant growth and to get safety product. The aims of this research is to know the effect of the kind of media and manure concentration of tofu waste fermentation to growth and yield of celery plant that is planted in hydroponics media. The research was conducted from August until November 2007, at the Green House in Agriculture Faculty of Sebelas Maret University. The research used Complete Random Design (RAD) in factorial, it consists of two factors with three repeating. The first factor is manure concentration of tofu waste fermentation which consist of 0,00kg/l, 0,25 kg/l, 0,50 kg/l, 0,75 kg/l, 1,00 kg/l, and the concentration of 1,25 kg/l. The second factor is the kind of media which consist of sand media, husk charcoal media, and the mixing of sand and husk charcoal media. The result of the research showed that the use of sand and husk charcoal mixing produces the highest level of plant height, leave number, leave wide, wet and dry weight of straw. The treatment of 1 kg/l manure concentration given the best level of plant height, leaf number, leaf wide, root volume, as well as the weight of wet and dry weight of straw. The best combination for celery plant’s growth and development is in the combined of 1 kg/l manure concentration, with the plant media using the mixing of sand and husk charcoal. Key words: media, fermentation, manure of tofu, celery Apium graveolens L.), hydroponicCelery (Apium graveolens L.) is a kind of leave vegetable which has a function to be an aroma addition in vegetables. This plant can grow in upland and low land. The best planting time at the first rain has fallen or the end of rain season. For to get continue yield, celery can cultured by hydroponic with use some plant media. Besides that, organic manure can used for increase plant growth and to get safety product. The aims of this research is to know the effect of the kind of media and manure concentration of tofu waste fermentation to growth and yield of celery plant that is planted in hydroponics media.
The research was conducted from August until November 2007, at the Green House in Agriculture Faculty of Sebelas Maret University. The research used Complete Random Design (RAD) in factorial, it consists of two factors with three repeating. The first factor is manure concentration of tofu waste fermentation which consist of 0,00kg/l, 0,25 kg/l, 0,50 kg/l, 0,75 kg/l, 1,00 kg/l, and the concentration of 1,25 kg/l. The second factor is the kind of media which consist of sand media, husk charcoal media, and the mixing of sand and husk charcoal media.
The result of the research showed that the use of sand and husk charcoal mixing produces the highest level of plant height, leave number, leave wide, wet and dry weight of straw. The treatment of 1 kg/l manure concentration given the best level of plant height, leaf number, leaf wide, root volume, as well as the weight of wet and dry weight of straw. The best combination for celery plant’s growth and development is in the combined of 1 kg/l manure concentration, with the plant media using the mixing of sand and husk charcoal.
Key words: media, fermentation, manure of tofu, celery (Apium graveolens L.), hydroponi
KAJIAN KOMPOSISI PUPUK NPK TERHADAP HASIL BEBERAPA VARIETAS TANAMAN BUNCIS TEGAK (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) DI TANAH ALFISOL
No full textAn experiment concerning the study o/NPK fertilizer composition to the yield of varieties ofbeans (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) had been carried out in Sukosari, Jumantono, Karanganayr. The kind of soil is Alfisol. The experiment was arranged with split plot design basically with randomized Completely Block Design (RCBD), consist of two factors and three replications. Varieties (V) as main plot, consist of 3 levels : Strike, Tendergreen, and Richgreen, NPK composition treatment (P) as subplot, consist of 4 levels: (0:0:0), (15:10:15), (15:15:15), and (10:15:10). The result of the experiment showed that NPK fertilizer composition increases the height of plant; the number of pods per plant, the weight of pods per plant, the dry weight of straw and length of pods. There wasn't an interaction effect of between NPK fertilizer composition and variety of all parameters
POTENSI EMISI N2O DARI BERBAGAI JENIS TANAH YANG DIBERI BAHAN OGANIK
Get PDFTitle : Potential Emission Of N2O from Various Types of Soil with Organic Material Addition. N2O is one of the greenhouse gases generated by agricultural activities which is currently highlighted. Amount of N2O is the least amount in the atmosphere, but it has a global warming potential 310 times compared to the global warming potential by CO2, and has a very long half-life time in the atmosphere is about 120-150 years old. Organic fertilization is considered one trigger for N2O emissions, but the other organic materials are needed by the soil as soil-forming material. Intensive research is needed to determine the effect of the organic material to N2O on various aspects including soil type, because Indonesia is rich in soil. Indonesia has 10 of the 12 soil types that exist throughout the world (Soil Taxonomy). This study aims to determine the N2O emissions in different types of soil which were variations of the addition of organic matter. This research was conducted with an experimental method using a completely randomized design.The main observation is the variable potential N2O emissions which analyzed by Soil Incubation method. The results showed variations of provision does not affect the potential of organic materials N2O emissions for 30 days. Soil types of the most releases N2O respectively are Alfisols, then Inseptisols and most minor releases N2O is Andisols.N/