Universitas Sebelas Maret Surakarta, Fakultas Pertanian UNS: Journal Systems
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PENGARUH PEMBERIAN AIR DAN MULSA TERHADAP IKLIM MIKRO PADA TANAMAN CABAl (Capsicum annuum L.) DI TANAH ENTISOL
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SERAPAN DAN KETAHANAN AZOLLA TERHADAP KROMIUM PADA VERTISOLS DAN ENTISOLS DENGAN BERBAGAI TINGGI GENANGAN AIR
Get PDFTitle : The Uptake and Tolerance of Azolla to Chromium on Vertisols and Entisols at Various Water Levels. This research aims to study the effect of water level, soil kind, chromium concentration (Cr), and their interactions on uptake and tolerance of azolla to Cr. The research was done in March to May 2009 in the green house of Faculty of Agriculture, Sebelas Maret University, Surakarta. The research used completely randomized design (CRD) factorial with three treatment factors, they were: soil kind (Vertisols of Jatikuwung and Entisols Colomadu, Karanganyar), water levels (0; 2; and 7 cm) and Cr concentrations (0; 5; 10; 15; and 20 ppm). There were 191 g of Vertisols and 200 g of Entisols pass to 2 mm sieve put into plastic pot and watering at various levels according to the treatments. A gram of fresh azolla was spread on each pot and incubated for three weeks. Each treatment combinations were replicated three times. Sampling was taken at 1, 2, and 3 weeks after planting for azolla biomass, Cr uptake of azolla, available Cr, and Cr toxicities symptoms of azolla. The data analyzed statistically by Kruskal Wallis test at 95% level significant, followed with Mood Median test. The result shows that soil kind has no significant effect, while water level, Cr concentration, and treatment interaction contribute highly significant influence on uptake and tolerance of azolla to Cr. The highest uptake of Cr at the Vertisols was taken at 7 cm water level and 15 ppm Cr concentration, while at the Entisols was in 2 cm of water level and 15 ppm Cr concentration. Azolla most tolerance to Cr at treatment combination of 2 cm water level and 10 ppm Cr concentration in Vertisols, and at 2 cm water level and 5 ppm Cr concentration at Entisols. Keywords: A. mycrophylla, chromium, Cr uptake and tolerance, water levelThis research aims to study the effect of water level, soil kind, chromium concentration (Cr), and their interactions on uptake and tolerance of azolla to Cr. The research was done in March to May 2009 in the green house of Faculty of Agriculture, Sebelas Maret University, Surakarta. The research used completely randomized design (CRD) factorial with three treatment factors, they were: soil kind (Vertisols of Jatikuwung and Entisols Colomadu, Karanganyar), water levels (0; 2; and 7 cm) and Cr concentrations (0; 5; 10; 15; and 20 ppm). There were 191 g of Vertisols and 200 g of Entisols pass to 2 mm sieve put into plastic pot and watering at various levels according to the treatments. A gram of fresh azolla was spread on each pot and incubated for three weeks. Each treatment combinations were replicated three times. Sampling was taken at 1, 2, and 3 weeks after planting for azolla biomass, Cr uptake of azolla, available Cr, and Cr toxicities symptoms of azolla. The data analyzed statistically by Kruskal Wallis test at 95% level significant, followed with Mood Median test. The result shows that soil kind has no significant effect, while water level, Cr concentration, and treatment interaction contribute highly significant influence on uptake and tolerance of azolla to Cr. The highest uptake of Cr at the Vertisols was taken at 7 cm water level and 15 ppm Cr concentration, while at the Entisols was in 2 cm of water level and 15 ppm Cr concentration. Azolla most tolerance to Cr at treatment combination of 2 cm water level and 10 ppm Cr concentration in Vertisols, and at 2 cm water level and 5 ppm Cr concentration at Entisols. Keywords: A. mycrophylla, chromium, Cr uptake and tolerance, water leve
KAJIAN VOLUME DAN FREKUENSI PEMBERIAN AIR TERHADAP IKLIM MIKRO PADA TANAMAN JAGUNG BAYI (Zea mays L.) DI TANAH ENTISOL
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KERAGAMAN MAKROFAUNA TANAH DALAM PERTANAMAN PALAWIJA DI LAHAN KERING PADA SAAT MUSIM PENGHUJAN
Get PDFThe Variability of Soil Macrofauna on Palawija Cropping of Dry Land in The Rainfall Season. The variability of Soil macrofauna is the one of biological natural resources that very useful for the environment. Their existence affected by biotic and abiotic factors around them. Soil macrofauna variability that exists on the dry land in palawija cropping will be different from the vegetation of forest. The aim of this research is to know the effect of the palawija cropping to soil macrofauna variability on the dry land in the rainfall season. The research was conducted on November 2006‐April 2007. This research is descriptive explorative that has quantitative and qualitative ones with the field survey and laboratory analysis approach. The technique of determination sampling location based on purposive sampling system. The taking of sample has been done in 3 locations under 3 palawija cropping (maize, peanut, and soybean) as much 3 times replication in the rainfall times (December 2006‐Februari 2007). The result shows that palawija cropping influences non significantly to the macrofauna variability on the soil surface, soil macrofauna variability under soil surface and environment variables that have been observed unless to bulk density (influences significantly). The highest macrofauna variability on the soil surface occurs in maize cropping. Whether under soil surface macrofauna variability occurs in peanut cropping. There were five Ordos of macrofauna on the soil surface that found in maize cropping, Hymenoptera, Araneida, Orthoptera, Diplura, and Collembola (mesofauna). Ten Ordos of macrofauna under soil surface that found under peanut cropping were Hymenoptera, Isoptera, Oligochaeta, Diptera, Homoptera, Hemiptera, Orthoptera, Araneida, Lepidoptera and Collembola (mesofauna). It was found that dominancy of the ordo of macrofauna on the soil surface from ordo Hymenoptera in maize cropping and ordo Orthoptera in peanut and soybean cropping. The dominancy of soil macrofauna under soil surface was from ordo Hymenoptera and was found under maize and peanut cropping and Oligochaeta in soybean cropping. There were positive and negative functions of soil macrofauna. The positive ones are as a predator and decomposer of organic material. Whether the negative are as virus vector and plant disease. Key word: macrofauna variability, palawija cropping, and ordo of macrofaunaThe variability of Soil macrofauna is the one of biological natural resources that very useful for the environment. Their existence affected by biotic and abiotic factors around them. Soil macrofauna variability that exists on the dry land in palawija cropping will be different from the vegetation of forest. The aim of this research is to know the effect of the palawija cropping to soil macrofauna variability on the dry land in the rainfall season. The research was conducted on November 2006‐April 2007. This research is descriptive explorative that has quantitative and qualitative ones with the field survey and laboratory analysis approach. The technique of determination sampling location based on purposive sampling system. The taking of sample has been done in 3 locations under 3 palawija cropping (maize, peanut, and soybean) as much 3 times replication in the rainfall times (December 2006‐Februari 2007).
The result shows that palawija cropping influences non significantly to the macrofauna variability on the soil surface, soil macrofauna variability under soil surface and environment variables that have been observed unless to bulk density (influences significantly). The highest macrofauna variability on the soil surface occurs in maize cropping. Whether under soil surface macrofauna variability occurs in peanut cropping. There were five Ordos of macrofauna on the soil surface that found in maize cropping, Hymenoptera, Araneida, Orthoptera, Diplura, and Collembola (mesofauna). Ten Ordos of macrofauna under soil surface that found under peanut cropping were Hymenoptera, Isoptera, Oligochaeta, Diptera, Homoptera, Hemiptera, Orthoptera, Araneida, Lepidoptera and Collembola (mesofauna). It was found that dominancy of the ordo of macrofauna on the soil surface from ordo Hymenoptera in maize cropping and ordo Orthoptera in peanut and soybean cropping. The dominancy of soil macrofauna under soil surface was from ordo Hymenoptera and was found under maize and peanut cropping and Oligochaeta in soybean cropping. There were positive and negative functions of soil macrofauna. The positive ones are as a predator and decomposer of organic material. Whether the negative are as virus vector and plant disease.
Key word: macrofauna variability, palawija cropping, and ordo of macrofaun
KAJIAN PEMETAAN LAHAN PERTANIAN PANGAN BERKELANJUTAN (LP2B) DI KABUPATEN PURWOREJO
Get PDFTitle : Mapping of Food Agricultural Land Sustainability (LP2B) in Purworejo District. Implementation of Act 41 of 2009 on sustainable agricultural land still needs to be improved. Purworejo has a total area of 103,481.75 hectares consisting of rice, dry land and mixed garden. Increased development of a high enough lead Purworejo prone land conversion primarily agricultural to non-agricultural land. Determination of sustainable agricultural land is expected to control the pace of the transfer function. This study aims to determine the parameters for mapping LP2B and LCP2B, determine the basis for assessing inter-parameter calculation and LCP2B LP2B, determine the characteristics of the grouping criteria as LP2B agricultural land and agricultural land mapping LCP2B and sustainable food (LP2B) Purworejo. The data used in this study include spatial data and spatial data tabulated data consists of the Present landuse map the results of high-resolution satellite image interpretation purworejo district scale 1:25,000, topographic maps, maps of land suitability, administration district map boundaries, and maps of raw paddy fields. Tabulation of data consists of the need and availability of food, food balance, wetland conversion, the rate of population growth, and land area requirements. The survey results revealed that the total population, wetland production, planted area, harvested area, conversion rate and balance of food can be used as a parameter to specify the grouping criteria LP2B while land based on the irrigation system and the productivity of more than 5.5 tonnes / ha with IP is more than 1.75. Based on the analysis Purworedjo county has a total area of 38,562 ha area of agri-food consisting of 27,850.18 ha of wetlands and 10,712 ha of dry land. Of the area that became wet LP2B area of 25,826 ha and 5,243 ha of dry LP2B. Sustainable food agriculture land reserve wet (wet LCP2B) 2,024 ha and sustainable agri-food reserves dry (dry LCP2B) 5,469 ha.Implementasi Undang-Undang 41 Tahun 2009 tentang lahan pertanian pangan berkelanjutan masih perlu untuk ditingkatkan. Kabupaten Purworejo memiliki luas total 103.481,75 ha yang tediri dari sawah,lahan kering dan kebun campur. Peningkatan pembangunan yang cukup tinggi menyebabkan Kabupaten Purworejo rawan terjadi alih fungsi lahan terutama lahan pertanian ke non pertanian. Penentuan lahan pertanian pangan berkelanjutan diharapkan dapat mengendalikan laju alih fungsi tersebut. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menentukan parameter untuk memetakan LP2B dan LCP2B, menentukan dasar perhitungan untuk menilai antar parameter LP2B dan LCP2B, menentukan kriteria pengelompokan karakteristik lahan pertanian pangan sebagai LP2B dan LCP2B dan memetakan lahan pertanian pangan berkelanjutan (LP2B) Kabupaten Purworejo. Data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini meliputi data spasial dan data tabulasi Data spasial terdiri dari Peta Present landuse hasil interpretasi citra satelit resolusi tinggi kabupaten purworejo skala 1:25.000, peta topografi, peta kesesuaian lahan, peta batas administrasi kecamatan, dan peta lahan baku sawah. Data tabulasi terdiri dari kebutuhan dan ketersediaan pangan, neraca bahan pangan, alih fungsi lahan sawah, laju pertumbuhan penduduk, dan kebutuhan luas lahan. Hasil penelitian diketahui bahwa jumlah penduduk, produksi lahan sawah, luas tanam, luas panen, laju alih fungsi dan neraca bahan makanan dapat digunakan sebagai parameter untuk menentukan LP2B sedangkan kriteria pengelompokan lahan didasarkan pada sistem irigasi dan produkstivitas lebih dari 5,5 ton/ha dengan IP lebih dari 1,75. Berdasarkan hasil analisis kabupaten Purworejo memiliki total luas kawasan pertanian pangan seluas 38.562 ha yang terdiri dari 27.850,18 ha lahan basah dan 10.712 ha lahan kering. Dari luas tersebut yang menjadi LP2B basah seluas 25.826 ha dan LP2B kering 5.243 ha. Lahan cadangan pertanian pangan berkelanjutan basah (LCP2B basah) 2.024 ha dan cadangan pertanian pangan berkelanjutan kering (LCP2B kering) 5.469 ha
PENGARUN PENAMBAHAN DOSIS BAHAN ORGANIK DAN DOLOMIT TERHADAP KETERSEDIAAN DAN SERAPAN P DENGAN INDIKATOR TANAMAN KACANG TANAH (Arachis hypogaea L. (Merr)) PADA TANAH LATOSOL
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Pengaruh Pengkayaan Kompos Sampah Kota dengan Bakteri Penambat N-Bebas, Bakteri Pelarut Fosfat dan EM-4 terhadap Laju Dekomposisi dan Kualitas Pupuk
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DAMPAK AIR LIMBAH INDUSTRI JOSROYO, KARANGANYAR TERHADAP KADAR TEMBAGA (Cu) DALAM AIR DAN PERMUKAAN TANAH SALURAN AIR PUNGKUK
Get PDFThe Effect of Industry Waste in Josroyo, Karanganyar to Copper (Cu) Concentration in Water and Top Soil of Pungkuk Ditch. The purpose of this research was to know the effect of industry waste water distance in Jaten – Karanganyar on Cu concentration in the water and soils at Pungkuk Waterworks, also to know Cu concentration on that waterworks. The kind of this research was explorative research. The independent variable was treatment of take some water and soils sample at 0 km, 0.5 km and 1 km distance from pollutant source at Pungkuk Waterworks and control. The result showed that distance where farther can because concentration Cu concentration change in the soils were heightening but can because Cu concentration change was descending. The heightening of Cu concentration change in the soils was effect of Cu acumulation in the soils. The descending of Cu in the water because precipitation of water Cu and. The value of water pH was influenced by water EMC value. From sample analysis result showed that there was not dirtied of heavy metal especially Cu (between 0.094 – 0.122 ppm). Keyword: Cuprum, Industry wasteThe purpose of this research was to know the effect of industry waste water distance in Jaten – Karanganyar on Cu concentration in the water and soils at Pungkuk Waterworks, also to know Cu concentration on that waterworks. The kind of this research was explorative research. The independent variable was treatment of take some water and soils sample at 0 km, 0.5 km and 1 km distance from pollutant source at Pungkuk Waterworks and control.
The result showed that distance where farther can because concentration Cu concentration change in the soils were heightening but can because Cu concentration change was descending. The heightening of Cu concentration change in the soils was effect of Cu acumulation in the soils. The descending of Cu in the water because precipitation of water Cu and. The value of water pH was influenced by water EMC value. From sample analysis result showed that there was not dirtied of heavy metal especially Cu (between 0.094 – 0.122 ppm).
Keyword: Cuprum, Industry wast
MUATAN TITIK NOL BERBAGAI BAHAN ORGANIK, PENGARUHNYA TERHADAP KAPASITAS TUKAR KATION DI LAHAN TERDEGRADASI
Get PDFTitle : Zero Point of Charge of Various Organic Fertilizer : The Effect on Soil Cation Exchange Capacity in Degraded Lands. Zero Point of Charge (ZPC) is an important variable in describing the mechanism of reversible surface charge primarily on weathered soil dominated by variable charge. ZPC is a certain pH when the surface charge is electrically neutral or zero (pHo). The presence of organic matter effect on the nature of the charge in the soil. Research goals include: 1). Obtaining information kinds of organic fertilizer with low of pHo, 2) Knowing the behavior of pHo and net charge of soil, 3) Knowing the influence of pHo on the soil cation exchange capacity. This study is an experimental functional relationship variables approach through experiments. The experiments were conducted at Greenhouse of Agriculture Faculty, Sebelas Maret Univercity. The basic design used was completely randomized design of a single factor. The treatment is done as follows: P0 = soil without the addition of organic fertilizers, P1 = soil with the addition of cow manure 5 tons / ha, P2 = soil with the addition of chicken manure 5 tons / ha, P3 = soil with the addition of quail manure s 5 tons/ ha, P4 = soil with the addition of goat manure 5 tons / ha, P5 = soil with the addition of bokashi 5 tons / ha, P6 = soil with the addition of rice straw compost 5 tons / ha, P7 = soil by adding compost hyacinth 5 ton / ha. P8 = soil by adding compost of Titonia 5 tons / ha and each treatment was repeated 3 times. Analysis of the quality of organic fertilizers include: levels of lignin and polyphenols, C/N, pH , pHo, humic acid and fulvic acid. The soil analysis includes the C-organic soil, total N, C / N, pH , pHo, CEC. The results showed that the zero point of charge (pHo) is the lowest organic fertilizer chicken manure (4.52). Obtained a close relationship between the difference in pH H2O with pHo with cation exchange capacity. Highest cation exchange capacity achieved in the treatment of chicken manure.Zero Point of Charge (ZPC) is an important variable in describing the mechanism of reversible surface charge primarily on weathered soil dominated by variable charge. ZPC is a certain pH when the surface charge is electrically neutral or zero (pHo). The presence of organic matter effect on the nature of the charge in the soil. Research goals include: 1). Obtaining information kinds of organic fertilizer with low of pHo, 2) Knowing the behavior of pHo and net charge of soil, 3) Knowing the influence of pHo on the soil cation exchange capacity. This study is an experimental functional relationship variables approach through experiments. The experiments were conducted at Greenhouse of Agriculture Faculty, Sebelas Maret Univercity. The basic design used was completely randomized design of a single factor. The treatment is done as follows: P0 = soil without the addition of organic fertilizers, P1 = soil with the addition of cow manure 5 tons / ha, P2 = soil with the addition of chicken manure 5 tons / ha, P3 = soil with the addition of quail manure s 5 tons/ ha, P4 = soil with the addition of goat manure 5 tons / ha, P5 = soil with the addition of bokashi 5 tons / ha, P6 = soil with the addition of rice straw compost 5 tons / ha, P7 = soil by adding compost hyacinth 5 ton / ha. P8 = soil by adding compost of Titonia 5 tons / ha and each treatment was repeated 3 times. Analysis of the quality of organic fertilizers include: levels of lignin and polyphenols, C/N, pH , pHo, humic acid and fulvic acid. The soil analysis includes the C-organic soil, total N, C / N, pH , pHo, CEC. The results showed that the zero point of charge (pHo) is the lowest organic fertilizer chicken manure (4.52). Obtained a close relationship between the difference in pH H2O with pHo with cation exchange capacity. Highest cation exchange capacity achieved in the treatment of chicken manure
