Universitas Sebelas Maret Surakarta, Fakultas Pertanian UNS: Journal Systems
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Evaluation on Sustainability of Technological Dimension Biopore Absorption Hole Management for Soil Water Conservation in Semarang City
Get PDFBiopore technology innovation is an easy and cheap technology that can be applied in any class of society. Biopore Absorption Hole (BAH) is a cylincric vertical hole with a relatively small diameter. Eventhough the diameter is not so big, it is still effective to absorb groundwater.The dimension of technology reflected how this BAH tecnology is applied to the Management of BAH within the society of Semarang City.In order to achieve maximum results, an evaluation toward the sustainability of the dimension of BAH Management technology in Semarang City needs to be performed.The objectives of this research are to:1) studying the status of technology dimension in maintaining BAH, 2) studying sensitive attributes having influence toward index value and the sustainability status of technology dimension in maintaining BAH, as well as 3) formulating the priorities for policies applicable to technology in maintaining BAH in Semarang.The research took place in three administrative villages (Srondol Wetan, Jatingaleh, and Bendan Ngisor) in the city of Semarang.Those three locations were chosen to represent upper, middle, and lower regions of Semarang as water absorption area.The analysis of status determining data and leveraging factor was conducted using RAP – biopore method, while the the making of policy priorities was performed by using Analitycal Hierarchy Process (AHP).Results suggest that the status of the sustainability of Semarang’s BAH Management technology dimension was on “less sustainable” status (25,01 – 50,00). The strategy of enhancing influential sensitive attributes to improve sustainability status was a great success in affecting the values and sustainability status. Keywords :Biopore, RAP-Fish Modification, Sensitive Attribute, AHP, BAH Management
Jamur Pelarut Fosfat untuk Menekan Penyakit Moler (Fusarium oxysporum F. SP. Cepae) dan Meningkatkan Pertumbuhan Bawang Merah
Get PDFTitle : P-solubilizing Fungi as Biological Control Agents to Increase Growth and Prevent Moler Disease of Red Onion. This research aim to obtain phosphate-solubilizing fungi have antagonistic ability to Fusarium oxysporum f. cepae, and increase soil available-P. The experiment was hold in April 2013 to February 2014. Antagonistic capability was observed in two stages i.e. in vitro test which was conducted in the Laboratory of Soil Biology and Biotechnology, while in vivo test in green house, Faculty of Agriculture, Sebelas Maret University Surakarta. The experimental design used was completely randomized design (CRD). The treatment factors of in vitro test were kinds of phosphate solubilizing fungi and incubation time with Pikovkaya liquid medium, while the treatment factor of in vivo test was isolates combination of phosphate solubilizing fungi. Each treatment combination was repilcate three times. The observated variable included soil available phosphate, shallot height, shoot dry weight, moler disease intensity, infection rate, and area under the disease progress curve. The research obtained 3 isolates of fungi with high potential as inoculums of P-solubilizing biofertilizer and biological control agents against moler desease of red onion. The resullt showed that mix of JK12 isolate (isolated from Entisol of Bantul District) and isolate of JK14 (from Andisol of Tawangmangu sub district) demonstrated the highest ability in solubilizing phosphate and suppressing moler disease of red onion
Stimulate The Growth of Rice Using Endophytic Bacteria from Lowland Rice Plant Tissue
Get PDFExploration and selection of endophytic bacteria from healthy food crops grown in lowland ecosystem is important to be conducted in order to get growth-stimulating endophytic bacteria at soil with low fertility level so that capable to optimize initial growth of food crops and subsequently can increase productivity level of lowland soil.The research objective was to isolate and to test the IAA-producing endophytic bacteria isolate in stimulating the rice crop growth at lowland area. Endophytic bacteria are isolated from tissues of rice, corn and peanut crops which grown at shallow swamp land in Ogan Ilir and Ogan Komering Ilir Districts, South Sumatra, Indonesia. There was nine isolates of nitrogen-fixer endophytic bacteria that capable to contribute IAA phytohormone into their growth media. The P31 isolate from rice crop tisssue of 2 months old produce the best rice sprouts than other isolates. This isolate can contribute of about 10 mg kg-1 IAA to its growth medium and increase the crowns dry weight and the roots dry weight respectively with magnitudes of 133% and 225% compared to control treatment. Concentration and absorbtion of N for rice crops innoculated with P31 isolates had increased by 169% and 400%, recpectively. The P31 isolates had been identified as Burkholderia pseudomallei (also known as Pseudomonas pseudomallei)
Suksesi Struktur Komunitas Fungi pada Lahan Degradatif oleh Patogen Busuk Pangkal Bawang Putih
Get PDFTITLE : SUCCESSION OF FUNGAL COMMUNITY STRUCTURE IN DEGRADATIVE LAND CAUSED BY BASAL ROT PATHOGEN OF GARLIC. Land degradation causes a decreasement the ability of land in suppressing the development of pathogen FOCe that causes basal rot of garlic. In the garlic planting area in Tawangmangu discovered the fact that productive-suppressive land to FOCe the disease has low incidence (<1%) and degradative-conducive land with high incidens (≥60%). The research aims to study the succession of common fungal community structure and FOCe in the rhizosphere of garlic on both land for garlic plantation. The study was conducted from April to September 2013 in productive-suppressive land (Pancot) and degradative-conducive (Gondosuli) for soil sampling and laboratory analysis in Biologi Tanah UNS for fungi and FOCe analysis. The composite method used for sampling and the garlic rhizosphere samples which is had healthy plants conditions aged 0, 20, 40, and 60 days after planting (DAP), and the garlic rhizosphere samples with healthy plants and diseased condition aged 80, 100, and 120 days after planting (DAP). Laboratory analysis using PDA culture medium as common fungi growing medium and SFA as a growing medium FOCe then observed population density and diversity. The method was pour plate method with 10-2 to 10-7 dilution. The results showed the population and diversity of fungi and FOCe have dynamics fluctuation. The fungi population in productive-suppressive land lower than degradative-conducive, with each value 108 and 3,5x108 CFU gram-1 soil. FOCe population on degradative-conducive land was higher than productive-suppressive land, and the highest population in both land at age 20 and 100 DAP with a FOCe density of each land about 1,25x107 and 1,66x107 CFU gram-1 soil. During the growth periode of garlic, the fungi diversity on productive-suppressive land always indicate higher than degradative-conducive land
Environmental Factors in the Growth of Jatropha at Potorono Village, Yogyakarta
Get PDFJatropha curcas is a perennial crop that has been known by Indonesian people for more than seven decades as a plant that produces renewable biofuel. In the present decade, plants producing biofuel are expected to be developed to overcome the lowering nonrenewable fuel reserves. There is a myth that jatropha can grow well on marginal lands and draught condition, perform well on non-fertile soils, no need for agronomic management and is resistant to plant pests and diseases. This study was conducted to identify the environmental factors that influenced the growth of jatropha on the marginal land at Potorono village, Yogyakarta Province, Indonesia. Jatropha has been planted by local people at the village road sides and on the marginal land field at the local governmental land in this village. They grew jatropha on these areas with the purpose of preventing competition of area utilization with food crops. The results showed that the growth of jatropha was restricted by low content of organic matter, plant nutrition and poor soil drainage. Applications of manure and macro nutrients (N, P and K) to this crop were able to increase crop performance. The number of shoots, flowers and fruit bunches increased by manure and nutrients treatments. Field observation showed that there were several plant pests, such as Aspidiotus sp., Paracoccus marginatus, Poliphagotarsonemus latus, Selenothrips rubrocinctus, Chrysochoris javanus, Valanga nigricornis, Chloracris prasina, and Helicoverpa armigera that attacked plant leaves and fruits. There were plant leaf necrotic symptoms that caused by plant pathogens were also observed. The diseases are bacterial leaf spot (Xanthomonas ricinicola), cercospora leaf spot (Cercospora ricinella) and rust (Phakopsora jatrophicola). Thus, jatropha is like any other plants that need a good agro-ecological condition to grow well and produce high yield
Land Surface Coverage, Main Vegetation and Physical Soil Characteristics of West Side of Lawu Mountain
Get PDFSustainability of catchment area management of a mountain requeres identification the vegetation and condition of the major vegetation. This reserachs purpouse was characterizing major vegetation, coverage and soil properties at 1000 m elevation sea level to the top of Lawu mountain. Survey was started by identification of every vegetation unit followed by taking soil sample that was analyzed in laboratory for identifying the properties. Sampling and identification conducted close by common climbing track line to the top, including Jogorogo and Cemoro Sewu East Java, and Cemoro Kandang and Sukuh Central java. Coverage of vegetation used sattellite immage landsad and was analyzed by Arview software. Results showed that intens and dense forest was 36,22% and the other was rare density forest. Major vegetation of Lawu mountain was Pinus (Pinus merkusii), Cemara (Casuarina equisatifolia), Tanganan (Schleptera sp), Akasia gunung (Acasia decurren), rumput vestuca, Cantigi (Vaccinium sp) kayu pasang (Lithocarpus pruinusa) and vegetables on agriculture land. Every type of vegetation unit had different soil physycal properties of topsoil, while elevation had effect on soil bulk volume and porocity
The Balance of N, P, and Manure Fertilizer Dosage on Growth and Yield of Peanuts in Alfisols Dryland
Get PDFPeanuts cultivation in alfisols dryland limited by low levels of soil fertility. An agricultural intensification that could be done is application of organic and inorganic fertilizer. This research aimed to study the balance of N, P, and manure fertilizer dosage on growth and yield of peanuts in alfisols dryland. The research was done in April 2014 - September 2014 in Sukosari, Jumantono, Karanganyar. This research was compiled using a Randomized Completely Block Design (RCBD) factorial with three factors, there are dose of urea, SP-36 and cow manure fertilizer. The results showed that the dose combinations of urea, SP-36, and cow manure fertilizer have no interaction affected all of variable plant. The application of 300 kg ha-1 SP-36 fertilizer increased the number of pods and weight of pods, while the weight of 1000 seeds was improved by application of 150 kg ha-1 urea fertilizer
Dinamika N-Mineral Tanah Vertisols pada Berbagai Kombinasi Kualitas Seresah serta Serapan N Jagung Manis
Get PDFTITLE : VERTISOLS N-MINERAL DYNAMICS IN SEVERAL LITTER QUALITY COMBINATION AND N-SWEET MAIZE UPTAKE. Problems are often found on farms in humid tropics that lack of balancing between number and availability of nutrients. The imbalance will lead to nutrients leaching, especially NO3- to the bottom layer. NO3- is the result of oxidation of NH4+ through a process called nitrification, hence it is important to control over the process as it. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of litter quality Trimmings (based on the content of polyphenols and lignin) to the dynamics of N-NH4+ and N-NO3- land. This study is a field experimental with basic use Completely Group Randomized Design. The first factor is addition of Chromolaena odorata litter which represent high quality (lignin content 4.27 %, 17.12 % polyphenols), Tectona grandis litter representing low quality (lignin content of 14.54, 11.92 % polyphenols), and litter mixtures (Chromolaena odorata+Tectona grandis). The second factor dose of 5 Mg/ha, 12.5 Mg/ha, 20 Mg/ha. Analysis of the data using the F test, if the results of analysis of variance is significant, it forward to Duncan Test at α level = 0.05. The results showed that the addition of various quality litter significantly (
PERUBAHAN JERAPAN P PADA ULTISOL AKIBAT PEMBERIAN CAMPURAN ABU TERBANG BATUBARA-KOTORAN AYAM
Get PDFTITLE : CHANGES OF P SORPTION ON ULTISOL DUE TO ADDITION OF COAL FLY ASH-CHICKEN MANURE MIXTURE. High soil P sorption which result in low P availability for plants is one of important constraints in Ultisols. The objective of current research was to study the effect of coal fly ash-chicken manure mixture (FA-CM) on the changes in P sorption and availability in Ultisols. Two treatments - FA-CM mixture (w/w of 1:1) at the rate of 0, 15, 30, 45 and 60 ton ha-1, and P fertilization at the rate of 0, 87, 174, 261 and 348 kg P2O5 ha-1 - were tested. These treatments were arranged according to Factorial Completely Random Design with three replicates. Results of current research showed that FA-CM and P rates and their interaction significantly affected the values of point of zero charge (PZC), pH and soil negative charges. FA-CM mixture as a soil ameliorant decreased P sorption but it increased available P in Ultisols by increasing both soil pH and negative charges. The application of FA-CM at 30 tons ha-1 and P at 174 kg P2O5 ha-1 resulted in better increases in soil charges than any other combinations. However, the lowest P sorption (127.07 mg kg-1) and the highest available P (102.21 mg kg-1) was resulted in by the applications of 42.64 tons of FA-CM ha-1 and 261 kg P2O5 ha-1.Ketersediaan P tanaman yang rendah akibat tingginya jerapan P merupakan kendala utama pada Ultisol. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mempelajari pengaruh pemberian campuran abu terbang batubara-kotoran ayam (ATB-KA) terhadap perubahan jerapan dan ketersediaan P pada Ultisol. Perlakuan yang diterapkan pada percobaan ini meliputi dosis ATB-KA dengan komposisi 1:1 (b/b), yaitu 0, 15, 30,45, dan 50 ton ha-1, dan dosis pupuk P yang terdiri dari 0, 87, 174, 261, dan 348 kg P2O5 ha-1. Percobaan dilakukan menurut Rancangan Acak Lengkap Faktorial dengan 3 ulangan. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa dosis ATB-KA, pupuk P, dan interaksi keduanya berpengaruh sangat nyata terhadap nilai titik muatan nol (TMN), pH, dan muatan negatif tanah. Campuran ATB-KA dapat digunakan sebagai amelioran untuk meningkatkan pH tanah dan muatan negatif tanah. Pemberian campuran ATB-KA dosis 30 ton ha-1 dan pupuk P dosis 174 kg P2O5 ha-1 dapat meningkatkan muatan negatif tanah yang lebih baik dibanding kombinasi perlakuan yang lain. Jerapan P minimum (127,07 mg kg-1) dan P-tersedia maksimum (102,21 mg kg-1) diperoleh pada dosis ATB-KA sebesar 42,64 ton ha-1 dan pupuk P dosis 261 kg P2O5 ha-1
Imbangan Paitan (Tithonia diversifolia) dan Pupuk Phonska terhadap Kandungan Logam Berat Cr pada Tanah Sawah
Get PDFTITLE : RATIO OF PAITAN (TITHONIA DIVERSIFOLIA) AND THE PHONSKA FERTILIZER ON CHROMIUM HEAVY METAL CONTENT IN THE RICE FIELDS. The purposes of this research are to determine the influence of Paitan (Tithonia diversifolia) and the Phonska Fertilizer on Chromium (Cr) Content in soil at rice fields; and the correlation between Cr and rice yield. This research was conducted in Kebakkramat District, Karanganyar Regency. The experiment was arranged using Randomized Completely Block Design (RCBD), with 6 (six) treatments included: T0 : control (without Paitan nor fertilizer), T1: Phonska 100% (360 kg/ha), T2 : Paitan 100% (11,66 ton/ha), T3: 75% Phonska + 25% Paitan, T4 : 50% Phonska + 50% Paitan, T5 : 25% Phonska +75% paitan. with 4 replications. The observed variables are soil Cr availability, dry biomass, and the weight of 1000 seeds, The data was analyzed using the F test of 1% and 5% levels, and DMRT was employed to investigate the interaction of each treatment. The Pearson’s correlation test was used to investigate the correlation between variables. The results showed that application of paitan (Tithonia diversifolia) and Phonska gave no significant effect to the Cr level. There was no significant correlation between Cr level and the yield of rice