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Does the Context Matter? Labour Market Characteristics and Job Satisfaction Among Young European Adults Working on Temporary Contracts
No full textThe main goal of this study is to gain a better understanding of the relationship between job satisfaction and temporary work among youth in the EU, while considering the role of the context of countries’ labour market characteristics. To address this issue, we use the EU-SILC 2013 database, with an ad hoc module on well-being, which we supplement with macro indicators from Eurostat and ILO. Our findings show that a higher unemployment rate is associated with a lower job satisfaction among youth. Moreover, country-level variables moderate the negative impact of temporary work on the level of job satisfaction among young workers. The negative effect of temporary work is stronger in countries with a higher unemployment rate and a lower level of unionisation
Making India’s Idea of Strategic Autonomy Simple. Non-Alignment Revisited
No full text India’s foreign policy decisions and actions are often questioned and debated in the context of great power polarities. Although the context for discussions is relevant, India’s experiences in recent history, especially during the Cold War have been underestimated and overlooked. This article argues that challenges during the Cold War and the foundations of NonAligned Movement (NAM) should be considered fundamental when explaining India’s foreign policy decisions and the idea of strategic autonomy that drives its politics on international arena. Even more, considering the NAM principles and building upon post-Cold War decisions, India’s idea of strategic autonomy reflects Nehruvian idealistic and moralistic principles combined with PM Modi’s realistic foreign policy principles. These principles and the idea of strategic autonomy will be explained through three Indian foreign policy choices. Firstly, India’s focus on the region exhibits the desire to build up a strong region to minimise the risks from possible great power rivalries. Secondly, relations with emerging powers like BRICS and IBSA demonstrate the ambition of building up a just world order. Thirdly, India’s ambition to reform UN and its economy exhibits its ambitions of raising into a great power status where power and responsibilities are interrelated. Finally, India’s idea of strategic autonomy will be explained, where power, responsibilities and moralistic world view are all part of it.
Lapsesõbraliku õigusemõistmise kontseptsiooni ja selle põhimõtete rakendamine Eesti õigussüsteemis alaeliste õigusrikkujate juhtumite kohtulahendite näitel
No full textLapsesõbralik õigusemõistmine on uudne, laste õigusliku staatuse muutumisega seotud kontseptsioon, mis hõlmab endas laste õigussüsteemiga kokkupuutumisega seonduvat ennetust, koolitust, sekkumist ning tõhusaid abivahendeid, lähtudes esmajoones lapse parimatest huvidest. Eestis on (õigus)süsteemi lapsesõbralikkuse tagamisega seotud eelkõige lastekaitsesüsteem ning seda reguleeriv alates 01.01.2016 kehtiv uuendatud Lastekaitseseadus. Artiklis kajastatud uuringu eesmärgiks oli lapsesõbraliku õigusemõistmise raamistikku kasutades analüüsida Eesti õigusliku süsteemi ning alaealiste kriminaalasjade menetlemise lapsesõbralikkust. Kvalitatiivses uuringus analüüsiti dokumendianalüüsi raames Eesti õigusliku raamistiku lapsesõbralikkust ning lisaks alaealiste asjade menetlemise lapsesõbralikkust alaealiste õigusrikkujate kohtulahendite (n=11) näitel. Laste poolt sooritatud õigusrikkumiste menetlemisega seotud õigusaktide analüüs näitas, et lapsesõbralikku õigusemõistmist toetav seadusandlus on Eestis küll nõuetekohaselt väljatöötatud ja rakendatud, kuid arenguruumi on spetsialistide valdkondadeülese koolituse, sekkumismeetmete turvalisuse ning lapse huvide tagamise osas. Juhtumite analüüs tõi välja kitsaskohad laiemas tugisüsteemis – õigusrikkujat alaealist ehk abivajavat last toetav tugi- ja sekkumissüsteem õigusemõistmise eel ja järel ei ole piisavalt lapsesõbralik. Kumuleerunud komplekssed probleemid seotult pere, kooli, suhete ja tervisega on jäänud analüüsitud juhtumite puhul õigeaegselt vajaliku sekkumiseta ning on viinud õigusrikkumiste korduva ning üha tõsisemate tegude sooritamiseni. Lapsesõbraliku õigusemõistmise põhimõtete tõhusamaks rakendamiseks on vajalik kuulata ära ja õigusemõistmisel arvestada lapse arvamust ning tegeleda spetsialistide koolitamise ning ennetus- ja sekkumismeetmete arendamise, kättesaadavuse tagamisega
Неизвестная рукопись ранней редакции сатиры А. Ф. Воейкова «Дом сумасшедших» [An Unknown Manuscript of the Early Version of Alexander Voeikov’s Satire “Dom sumasshedshikh”]
No full textThis article introduces to a wide scholarly audience a newly discovered manuscript of Alexander Voeikov’s (1779—1839) satirical poem Dom sumasshedshikh (The Madhouse). The author’s argument is that the discovery of this manuscript helps us to establish the exact date of the poem’s composition, 1814, and not 1817, as was previously thought. Reading the poem in context provides an additional proof for Alexei Balakin’s hypothesis, as the text of the satire refers to the polemics of the day on how to render Greek hexameter in Russian verse
Лев Толстой в Польше: Материалы к библиографии (1990–2008)[Leo Tolstoy in Poland: A Very Short Bibliography (1990—2008)]
No full textThis comprehensive bibliography lists 36 translations of Leo Tolstoi’s works into Polish, and over 100 publications on Tolstoi, which appeared in Poland from 1990 to 2008
Ukraina Sitši küttide leegion (1914–1918) [The Legion of Ukrainian Sich Riflemen in 1914–1918]
No full textThis article is devoted to the sole Ukrainian national military unit that existed in World War I, namely the Legion of Ukrainian Sich Riflemen. It was founded in August 1914 within the Austro-Hungarian Armed Forces as Th e Imperial and Royal Ukrainian Volunteer Legion, being a part of the Austrian Territorial Army (Landwehr). Th e creation of the Legion was initiated by the Supreme Ukrainian Council, the national steering body, composed of infl uential Ukrainian politicians, public figures and activists. Th ere were 28,000 volunteers altogether, young women among them, who responded to the appeal of the Council and gathered in Lviv in the first days of the war. Most of them were members of various Ukrainian paramilitary and sport organizations which maintained old Cossack traditions.
Austrian military authorities limited the strength of the Legion to 2,500 men. In September 1914, the newly recruited soldiers pledged their allegiance not only to Austria but also to Ukraine. Aft er that the Legion was deployed to the Transcarpathian region, where training was completed and the Legion was sent to the front in spring 1915. The Legion participated in the liquidation of the Russian breakthrough near Berezhany on 2 November 1915. In the battle on the slopes of the Lysonia hill more than a thousand Ukrainian rifl emen were killed, wounded or taken prisoner by the Russian forces.
In summer 1916, during the Russian main off ensive commanded by General Alexei Brusilov, the Legion defended its positions during two months along the hill path between Pidhaitsi and Berezhany and was surrounded. One hundred and fifty Ukrainians were killed in action and 1,000 taken prisoner.
In February 1917, the Legion returned to the trenches near Berezhany. After the February revolution in Russia and the fall of the Russian Monarchy the hostilities ceased for a while. The legionaries fraternized with Ukrainian soldiers in the Russian army. In summer, the Russian Provisional Government under pressure from the Allies launched a new offensive. At the end of June 1917, the Legion entered a fi erce battle near the village of Koniukhy. As a result almost a half of approximately 1,000 riflemen were killed or captured by the enemy. Later, the remains of the Legion, along with soldiers from its reserve and replenishment unit, participated in the counteroff ensive of German and Austrian troops. On their way to the Zbruch river the legionaries took bloody revenge, capturing the town of Kozova.
In February 1918, the Ukrainian People’s Republic was established and signed a peace treaty with Germany and other Central Powers. German and Austrian troops occupied Ukraine and drove the Bolsheviks out. Th e Legion also participated in the occupation. Riflemen were deployed near the city of Oleksandrivsk (modern day Zaporizhia), where they stayed until the end of the Great War. Aft er the disintegration of Austria-Hungary, the Legion became the regular military unit of the West Ukrainian People’s Republic, proclaimed in November 1918. Former legionaries participated in the Polish-Ukrainian War and suffered heavy losses. Finally, on 2 May 1920, the unit was disbanded
Leedu relvajõudude arengukatsumused 1918. aasta novembrist 1919. aasta maini
No full textÜlevaade konverentsiettekande põhjal
India impeerium maailmasõjas
No full textReview of: George Morton-Jack, The Indian Empire at War: From Jihad to Victory, The Untold Story of the Indian Army in the First World War. London: Little, Brown, 2018. 582 lk
Positive and negative politeness in spoken Lithuanian
No full textThe aim of the research is to discuss the means of expression of positive and negative politeness in prepared and spontaneous spoken language. The research is based on the speech-act theory by Searle (1976) and the theory of positive and negative politeness by Brown and Levinson (1978, 2009). The research data are conversations from the Corpus of Spoken Lithuanian, which comprise semi-formal and formal communication in the media, academic discourse, and spontaneous communication in service domains. In total, the research data consist of 144,893 words. The research demonstrates that different politeness strategies are employed in different spoken language registers
Editorial
No full textSeveral things have changed in the editorial board of STSS in the past months. First, we have a new managing editor Epp Reiska. Epp works at the Tallinn University Institute of International Social Studies and has been helping the team already since fall. Her help has turned out to be vital to the good management of the journal and we look forward to many more years with her. Second, our long time book review editor Filippo Menga has taken up the position of associate editor of the Elsevier journal Political Geography. To be able to devote himself fully to his new task, he has left our editorial team and has been replaced by two new book review editors. We issued an open call and received a number of applications beyond our expectations. In the end, we selected Prof Junpeng Li (Central China Normal University) and Prof Ahsan Ullah (University of Brunei Darussalam), who will help identify books and reviewers for the next years.