Tallinn University Publications
Not a member yet
873 research outputs found
Sort by
Эдип в Клонках: К полигенезису «мельничного цикла» Хармса [Oedipus in Klonki: Understading the “Mill Cycle” by Kharms]
No full textThis article is an attempt to explain the core plot of the so-called “mill cycle” by Daniil Kharms (early 1930s). As part of this task, the author specifies some known subtexts (from Goethe, Pushkin, Zabolotsky, occult literature) and introduces some previously unknown ones (from Aeschylus, Shakespeare, Poe, Khlebnikov, etc.). In line with his long-term work in the field poetics, the author adheres to the belief that all the significant subtexts of the cycle are closely linked by an intelligible and reconstructable interrelationship. This dictates the entire course of the study, which purposefully reveals the relative character of the motivations behind Kharms’s intertextual techniques. Olga Freidenberg’s 1928 paper unexpectedly turns out to be a “dispatch center” of sorts responsible for the semantic coordination of this literary polyphony
Examining the Indefensible: Guarding Estonia in the Interwar Period and the Future
No full textEstonia failed to take adequate lessons from World War I to defend itself from the looming threat of the Soviet Union, and instead spent its limited resources on acquisitions of marginal utility and failed to adequately reform its military. Its international position was further weakened by an inability to forge appropriate alliances due to infighting among the countries of Northern Europe. This paper will shed light on the complex interplay of geopolitical factors, internal dynamics and the strategic choices made by Estonia during that critical time and explore how these insights can inform current defence strategies. During the interwar period, Estonia sought to modernise and organise its military forces, facing constraints in arming its soldiers with a hotchpotch of equipment comprising leftover Russian and German arms, lendlease British equipment, and other sundries. Despite these challenges, Estonia made efforts to establish a defensive line in the northeast of the country and pursued alliances with Finland, Latvia, Poland and other states. It made preparations for a southeastern defensive network along the Võru axis, but ground had not yet been broken by the time of the Soviet ultimatum. Both efforts ultimately failed, and Estonia was occupied by the Soviet Union in 1940. Lessons from this failure can be applied to the current strategic situation in the Baltic region, given the continuing importance of NATO and the renewed military significance of deliberate defensive positions backed up by long-range precision firepower and anti-access/area-denial weapons
History of Estonian Military Thought
No full textIn 2021, Dr Igor Kopõtin, currently Lead Research Fellow at the Estonian Military Academy, initiated the research project “Estonian Military Thought 1920–1940,” based on research contributions from scholars of the Estonian Military Academy, the Estonian War Museum – General Laidoner Museum, the Estonian Maritime Museum, and the University of Tartu. The aim of the project was to explore the factors that influenced the content and development of Estonian military theory and art of war. The work resulted in several studies on Estonian national art of war and theory of war, focusing primarily on analyses of research papers on warfare by Estonian higher and senior officers, written in the period between the two wars. Some studies were published in the “Occasional Papers” series of the Estonian Military Academy. Two of these are examined below.
Book Review: Uncovering the Hidden Cost of Capitalism: Insights from theImperial Mode of Living
No full textImperial Mode of Living: Everyday Life and Ecological Crisis of Capitalism by Ulrich Brand and Markus Wissen, 2021, Verso.
Constitutional Review in Estonia – a Model for 30 Years?
No full textConstitutional Review in Estonia – a Model for 30 Year
Из материалов для комментария к «Капитанской дочке»: 9–11 [Notes and Queries on _The Captain’s Daughter_ (9–11)]
No full textThere are three sections in this article, all concerning The Captains Daughter (Kapitanskaia dochka, 1836) by Alexander Pushkin. The first section reconstructs the hidden yet crucial train of thought launched by the elder Grinev’s reading of The Court Almanach for 1772, which comes to drive the novel’s plot in a surprising direction. The second section investigates the protagonist’s failed military career. The third section discusses Pushkin’s linguistic lapse (na son griadushchii instead of na son griadushchim), a distortion of a liturgical phrase well known to Orthodox Christians
Michael Calmeyer: A Dutch Infantry Officer Contemplates Modern War, 1935–1940
No full textIn the 1930s, Michael Calmeyer, a Dutch infantry officer, extensively studied the current military developments of the time and the war of the future. He based his conclusions on thorough analyses of numerous international publications, primarily in French, German and English. He concluded that modern technology, particularly tanks and aircraft, had reintroduced mobility in warfare, while also increasing its speed. Consequently, classical manoeuvre warfare was making a comeback, with the infantry still playing a leading role. While he considered extreme and one-sided views such as those of Douhet, Fuller and Liddell Hart to be impractical, he acknowledged that elements of these views did influence major powers. Calmeyer saw this view confirmed both in contemporary conflicts, and within the professional publications of Morretta and Alléhaut. Notably, Calmeyer was, between 1937 and 1939, the only Dutch officer seconded to Wehrmacht units and the Kriegsakademie in Berlin. He advised the Dutch army leadership to focus primarily on building strong defences against motorised and mechanised attacks, as well as maintaining high morale and commitment among the soldiers. After all, modern warfare would demand the utmost from every individual soldier
Assessing Multilingual Learners: Global Findings Informing Research Needs in Estonia
No full textThe article establishes the research needs regarding the assessment of multilingual learners (MLs) in Estonia in relation to the advances made in the field abroad, keeping in mind the changing Estonian schooling context (transition from Estonian/Russian-medium education to Estonian-only medium education, i.e. a situation where the students’ schooling language is Estonian). The article identifies MLs as a heterogeneous group whose assets (e.g., multilingual access to information) as well as hurdles in the assessment process of studying via a foreign language/L2 (comprehension of instructions, managing time, responding to tasks, etc.) have increasingly been the focus of educational research abroad. With regard to the similarly heterogeneous Estonian MLs, virtually no research is available about the ML assessment participants and processes here. Research needs are then proposed with regard to Estonian ML’s assets, teachers’ ML assessment practices, ML behavior during assessment, ML assessment tools, and ML assessment frameworks
Hungarian as a Heritage Language in the Austrian Higher Education System: Morphological Features of Young Adults\u27 Written Language Use
No full textIn our study, we examine the written language use of Hungarian of university students in Austria who have Hungarian as a heritage language and who take Hungarian courses as part of foreign language education. We conduct a detailed analysis of their writing samples to identify and systematize the morphological and morphosyntactic phenomena that characterize their use of written Hungarian. Understanding these linguistic features may later contribute to the development of effective language pedagogy and teaching methods to support the successful education of this specific target group