University of Illinois at Chicago
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Low Dimensional Materials for Infrared Imaging
No full textThe current state-of-the-art technology for infrared (IR) imaging primarily relies on HgCdTe detectors. Low-dimensional materials offer an alternative with lower operational and production costs. Additionally, the band gap can be varied with the size in colloidal quantum dots (CQDs) and with strain, number of layers, and electric field in 2D materials. In this thesis, I explore CQD and 2D materials for IR sensing. Carrier extraction is a serious issue with CQD-based devices. The electronic energy levels of the ligands used for photoexcited carrier transport are not aligned with those of the CQDs creating an energy level mismatch that hinders an efficient charge transport. I explored two methods—the shape of the CQD and quadrupole moment in the ligand— for tuning the band edges of the CQDs without altering the energy gap. Computationally, I studied the band gap variation and the band edge positions with the CQD shape for a given size. Similarly, I show that the quadrupole in ligands attached to either end of a Sn-CQD will change the potential inside the CQD and thus alter the position of the conduction and valence band edges. We present a systematic method and propose specific ligands to achieve good alignment with either the conduction or the valence band edge. The band gap of bilayer 2D materials has been demonstrated to vary considerably under an applied electric field. However, materials such as MoS2 suffer from low photon absorption. To address this limitation, I focused on selecting materials with small interlayer distances and then used various stacking orientations to increase absorption considerably. Furthermore, I specifically applied this approach to hexagonal BAs and hexagonal BP to evaluate their use for possible hyperspectral sensing. My work addresses and presents theoretical solutions to significant bottlenecks in achieving low-dimensional infrared detectors
Contextualization of care in pediatric residency - converted audio recording for Salehi-Weiner-Schwartz-2024
No full textWe designed a pilot study in our pediatric residency program at the University of Illinois at Chicago (UIC) categorical pediatrics program in which visits with patients during regularly scheduled continuity clinics were recorded with consent both residents and parents or other caregivers, and assent of patients ages 12 or up.Following the visit, caregivers returned the device, and audio was uploaded to a secure server approved for the storage of patient sensitive data. It was then listened to by a member of the research team trained in 4C. The listener, a board-certified pediatrician and clinician educator (JS), 4C coded each encounter, and also notated on a spreadsheet any additional pediatric resident patient/family interactions that he identified as learning opportunities either because they represented positive behaviors that should be reinforced or opportunities to improve care.Midpoint in the study one of the investigators (JS) provided feedback to the residents on the findings from the 4C coding, both in the form of an in person and emailed presentation of the data showing examples of both successful and missed opportunities to identify and address contextual factors in patient’s lives that appeared relevant to planning their care (e.g., asking about frequent missed appointments).</p
Water Quality Dataset (Chicago and San Diego Beach Water -- ENT Concentration)
No full textBeach water testing for fecal indicator bacteria (FIB) is a key element of public health protections for beachgoers. Because the process can be expensive and time-consuming, many beaches are infrequently monitored, putting the health of the public at risk. Machine learning (ML) models using large sets of FIB, weather, and other types of environmental data have been applied to predict FIB levels at beaches. If ML models developed using data from frequently monitored beaches in one location could be effectively applied to another location, referred to as generalization, public health protections could be easily extended to those infrequently monitored beaches. We found that \newgreen{as source to target generalization} \olds{such transfer learning} augmented by transfer learning (TL) can predict FIB exceedance with a specificity of 0.70 to 0.81 and sensitivity ranging from 0.28 to 0.76, depending on the beaches and TL methods. This degree of specificity and the high end of the sensitivity range are comparable to the performance of regression and ML models developed using data from a given beach and applied to that same beach. Future research into optimizing the selection of data-rich source beaches for developing models that are applied to a given target beach may further improve transfer learning.</p
Air filtration to improve indoor air quality (IAQ) and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) outcomes in a high-risk urban population of U.S. military veterans
No full textNo description supplie
Weak Brill–Noether on abelian surfaces
No full textWe study the cohomology of a general stable sheaf on an abelian surface. We say that a moduli space satisfies weak Brill–Noether if the general sheaf has at most one non-zero cohomology group. Let (X, H) be a polarized abelian surface and let v=(r,ξ,a) be a Mukai vector on X with v2⩾0, r>0 and ξ·H>0. We show that if ρ(X)=1 or ρ(X)=2 and X contains an elliptic curve, then all the moduli spaces MX,H(v) satisfy weak Brill–Noether. Conversely, if ρ(X)>2 or ρ(X)=2 and X does not contain an elliptic curve, we show that there are infinitely many moduli spaces MX,H(v) that fail weak Brill–Noether. As a consequence, we classify Chern classes of Ulrich bundles on abelian surfaces.</p
Three infections, one fight: an implementation study to map needle prevalence and evaluate HIV, syphilis and hepatitis C prevention interventions in Regina, Saskatchewan – a protocol
No full textIntroduction Saskatchewan is facing a public health crisis driven by high rates of HIV, syphilis and hepatitis C virus (HCV) infections, particularly among people who use drugs. Injection drug use is a major contributor to these syndemic infections, exacerbated by structural barriers such as stigma, poverty and limited culturally safe healthcare. Innovative, community- informed approaches are urgently needed to improve prevention, testing and linkage to care. Methods and analysis This study will implement a rapid assessment and response system in Regina, Saskatchewan, Canada, integrating geospatial mapping of community needle prevalence with pop- up interventions. Needle hotspot maps will be used to guide the deployment of community- based pop- up events offering point- of- care testing for HIV, syphilis and HCV, alongside education on pre- exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) and postexposure prophylaxis (PEP). A convergent participatory mixed- methods design will be used to evaluate feasibility, acceptability and effectiveness, guided by the Reach, Effectiveness, Adoption, Implementation and Maintenance framework. Quantitative data will assess changes in knowledge of PrEP and PEP, satisfaction with the intervention and report new diagnoses and participant demographics descriptively. A qualitative substudy will include 30 participants and will explore experiences with the intervention, barriers to care and perceptions of service delivery. Ethics and dissemination Ethical approval has been obtained from the research ethics board of the Saskatchewan Health Authority (#24–91). Findings will be disseminated through peer- reviewed publications, conference presentations and community reporting. This study may provide a model of community- based geospatial testing and education that could be scaled up and adapted elsewhere.</p
Jimmy Gonzalez-Vicker_Accepted Manuscript: Identifying Connections Between Evidence-Based Practice and the Maker Movement within Libraries: A Survey of Professionals from Within Each Field_Fall_2025
No full textABSTRACTTo identify any existing connections between the maker movement within libraries and evidence-based practice (EBP), a custom web-based survey was developed to target two populations: EBP and maker movement professionals. EBP professionals were asked about any experiences with the maker movement (processes such as 3D printing, sewing, and design). Professionals within the maker movement, primarily libraries, were asked about the use of an evidence-based approach for their service model(s). Investigators used descriptive statistical analysis to review responses. From 27 EBP respondents, a majority indicated support for the integration of maker learning into curricula. Of the 26 maker respondents, about half indicated that they had not learned about EBP prior to this survey, yet a majority responded “yes” or “definitely yes” when asked if EBP offers learning opportunities to the maker movement. While only 9% reported that their maker service model was created based on research, a majority of maker professionals indicated that more evidence-based approaches could bring constructive growth to service models. Survey results show there is potential to build connections between these fields; while they may appear to exist on opposite sides of the professional and educational spectrum, there is literature that expresses overlap.</p
Socioculturally Appropriate Internet-Based Geriatric Care Model for Older Adults Living With HIV: Experience-Based Co-Design Approach
No full textBackground:Older adults living with HIV face challenges accessing regular geriatric care, and while virtual care services could offer a solution, they may come with limitations.Objective:This study aimed to co-design a culturally appropriate virtual care model tailored to older adults’ needs using the experience-based co-design methodology.Methods:We used a qualitative, experience-based co-design approach with 19 older adults living with HIV. The process involved 3 phases: identifying needs through interviews and questionnaires, codeveloping a care model prototype through focus groups and a workshop, and refining the model using feedback from a world café format. Data were analyzed using thematic content analysis.Results:The co-design process led to a virtual care model prototype that directly addressed participants’ key needs. These included personalized communication methods, simplified technology interfaces for easier access, and culturally responsive care practices. Participants emphasized the importance of privacy in virtual consultations, flexible scheduling to accommodate health fluctuations, and ongoing support for managing both HIV and aging-related conditions. Their feedback shaped a model designed to bridge service gaps, offering a more inclusive, accessible, and patient-centered approach to virtual geriatric care.Conclusions:This study co-designed a potential virtual geriatric care model grounded in the experiences of older adults living with HIV. By integrating participants’ insights throughout the design process, the model offers a promising approach to improving care for this vulnerable population. Future directions for research to test this model are proposed.</p
A systematic approach to modeling monthly maximum temperature and total rainfall in Kenya
No full textGoodness of fit (GOF) test approaches for selecting probability distributions of climatic variables are pervasive in the statistical literature. However, a combined approach of multiple tests remains underutilized despite evidence supporting their improved precision. Increased erratic climatic conditions pose severe threats to economic stability, necessitating robust statistical methods for climate modeling. To address this need, this study evaluates probability distributions for climatic variables using a comprehensive approach that combines multiple tests. A scoring system ranked each distribution’s performance across tests, with a composite score indicating the best fit. To assess robustness, sensitivity analysis on the best-performing distribution examined the influence of partitioning data into different segments (block sizes). The results show a generalized extreme value (GEV) distribution consistently outperforming other temperature and rainfall data distributions across multiple metrics. Extended block sizes capture long-term climatic patterns but introduce greater uncertainty due to fewer data points, while shorter block sizes tend to overfit. Intermediate block sizes provide a balance, producing reliable parameter estimates and stable return levels. These findings underscore the importance of selecting suitable block sizes and confirm the robustness of the GEV distribution for climate modeling. The study contributes to improved methodologies for risk assessment and climate adaptation strategies, particularly in regions such as Kenya.</p
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