University of Illinois at Chicago
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Action Learning Brief: Overview of Building Healthy Communities
No full textThis document is the first in a three-part action learning brief series providing an overview of the Building Healthy Communities COVID‑19 Response, Recovery, and Resiliency Initiative led by the Cook County Department of Public Health. It outlines supports provided to community-based organizations, key evaluation findings, community engagement efforts, equity considerations, technical assistance activities, and major outcomes such as vaccine distribution, resource delivery, and organizational capacity-building.</p
EchoSig data
No full textInput data and output for EchoSig with open source code: https://github.com/YuchiQiu/EchoSig</p
Community meets governance: Chicago's co-governance model for inclusive public policy, health, and racial equity
No full textThis poster was presented to the 2025 Minority Health Conference at the University of Illinois Chicago. It presented research about Chicago's collaborative governance model, also known as co-governance. Co-governance differs from typical approaches to governance because it engages in a strategic learning process with other community stakeholders to frame public value, its drivers, and the strategic resources required to influence community outcomes. This research was conducted to inform how co-governance should function in Chicago according to Chicago residents themselves. This approach ensures a shared definition of co-governance and takes it a step further by beginning to address civic trauma and strengthen civic relationships in Chicago.</p
Structural racism in the subjective well-being literature: A narrative review
No full textThis narrative review poster was presented to the University of Illinois Chicago Minority Health Conference in Chicago in April 2025. The narrative review explored how structural racism is addressed in subjective well-being (SWB) literature. It found that although structural racism is a key determinant of health and quality of life, its association with SWB is rarely explored, leaving a detrimental gap in SWB literature.</p
Greater Lawndale Healthy Work Certification Program Principles: Process Guide
No full textThe Greater Lawndale Healthy Work Certification Program Principles Process Guide describes the six-step methodology used to develop the Healthy Work Certification Program Principles, an evidence- and worker-informed framework that establishes values and practices for the Greater Lawndale Healthy Work Business Certification Program. The program aims to shift the local employment landscape toward healthier jobs by increasing adoption of healthy work principles among businesses, strengthening accountability to higher labor standards, and leveraging grassroots worker organizations advocating for good jobs and equitable hiring practices in Chicago. The guide is designed to support replication of this participatory, community-academic approach to developing healthy work interventions in other settings.</p
Aluminum Nitride (AlN) Ceramic Surfaces for Enhanced Dropwise Condensation
No full textCondensation is ubiquitous in a wide variety of industrial applications ranging from heating, ventilation and air conditioning (HVAC), to harvesting water from the atmosphere and thermal management of many devices. Dropwise (DwC) and filmwise (FwC) condensation are the two primary modes of condensation, and their dominance is governed by the wettability of the cooled surface. In DwC, the condensate forms droplets, which eventually coalesce with each other and leave the surface by gravity (if the surface is inclined). In FwC, a film of liquid is formed on the surface. From well-known theories of wetting and condensation, it has been established that DwC is more efficient than FwC. Therefore, surface engineering is warranted to enhance condensation heat transfer by promoting DwC. While numerous studies, including our own, have explored the role of wettability in condensation, creation of hydrophobic ceramic surfaces presents an interesting challenge. Ceramics, like Aluminum Nitride (AlN) (which are attractive due to their high thermal conductivity and combined high electrical resistance), are hard, brittle and chemically resistant, which presents difficulties in creating micro or nano scale roughness necessary to impart specific surface properties. In this study, the wettability (hydrophobic/ superhydrophilic) characteristics of AlN are modified with ultimate goal to obtain the desired mode of condensation and increase the heat transfer from the surface. An environmental chamber is used to investigate the condensation performance of wettability-altered AlN plates over a range of wettability and environmental conditions. The temperature and relative humidity of the chamber are set at desired levels and the condensation heat transfer coefficients are estimated using the Inverse Heat Transfer (IHT) methodology. The study provides a step towards efficient and reliable wettability engineering of ceramic surfaces, which can be used in numerous scenarios that require thermally conductive, chemically resistant or hard surfaces that do not wear over extended periods of operation.</p
Caregivers of Adults with IDD in India Needs Assessment Dataset
No full textThis is a strengths-based mixed methods needs assessment conducted with a convenience sample of 100 caregivers to gain an understanding of the needs and strengths of family caregivers of adults with intellectual and/or developmental disabilities (IDD) living in Hyderabad, India, so that “culturally adapted” strategies and interventions could be developed. </p
Epidemiology of Facial Fractures Encountered in the Emergency Department Setting in the United States: An Update of Nationwide Estimates
No full textBACKGROUND: Facial fractures cause morbidity and involve intense resource use. Over the last two decades, several societal developments such as enactment of the Affordable Care Act and the COVID-19 pandemic occurred that could have potentially impacted facial fracture care.
PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to present the newest available nationwide epidemiologic data on facial fractures encountered in hospital-based emergency department (ED) settings in the United States (US), for years 2021 and 2022, and narratively compared to 2007, when the last epidemiologic data were published using the same database source.
STUDY DESIGN, SETTING, AND SAMPLE: This was a descriptive retrospective case series of the 2021 and 2022 Nationwide Emergency Department Sample database. All ED visits for the years 2021 and 2022 were included in the study, and those with missing data were excluded from analysis.
PREDICTOR VARIABLE: Given the descriptive study nature, there were no predictor variables.
MAIN OUTCOME VARIABLE: The primary outcome variable was the frequency of facial fractures. Secondary outcome variables included fracture site, sociodemographic variables (age, sex, race, and insurance status), and patient- and hospital-related factors (disposition and ED charges in 2022 US dollars).
COVARIATES: There were no covariates.
ANALYSIS: Descriptive statistics, including weighted frequencies, weighted means, standard error, and 95% CI, were calculated.
RESULTS: Between 2021 and 2022, there were 965,750 facial fracture-related ED visits, representing a 9.5% interval increase over the 2 years and up to 24% increase compared to 2007. Mean age (46.6 years, standard error 0.2; 95% CI 46.4-47.3) and female presentation (37.4%) measurably increased compared to 2007, whereas the uninsured population decreased. Nasal bone (58.1%) was the most commonly involved area, followed by the orbit, maxilla, mandible, and zygoma. Most were routinely discharged from the ED (66.5%), and 23.3% were admitted. Mean ED charge was 10,794,020,671 for 2021 and 2022.
CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE: Recognizing these significant sociodemographic, patient, and hospital-related changes can guide clinical care and policy-making, especially for targeted resource allocation. The findings can also serve as the basis for follow-up studies using complementary data sources.</p
Illinois State Policies for Worker Protection
No full textExecutive SummaryAs labor markets have evolved in recent decades, federal laws protecting workers have changed little. The federal minimum wage has remained at 14/hour exceeds the federal floor, and Illinois law provides combined sick and family leave at one hour per 40 hours worked (capped at 40 hours/year). Workplace postings must appear in multiple languages. However, Illinois lacks secure scheduling laws and has limited gig worker protections.Chicago (Cook County) has gone further. The city’s minimum wage is 14/hour minimum falls short of the living wage needed in most communities—ranging from approximately 21 in Cook CountyNote: Generated by authors using the calculator available at https://livingwage.mit.eduWorkers in precarious and gig arrangements often lack access to benefits that support health and economic stability. Policies like higher minimum wages improve mental health, food security, and reduce illness-related absences (Paul Leigh et al., 2019; Winkler et al., 2025), while secure scheduling enhances sleep, economic security, and well-being (Harknett et al., 2021) and paid leave bolsters family health at minimal employer cost (Bartel et al., 2023). As gig work continues to grow, Illinois has opportunities to strengthen protections for this expanding workforce segment.Policy Options for IllinoisThis policy brief outlines four strategic pathways for strengthening worker protections in Illinois.1. Minimum Wage. Evaluate whether the state minimum wage meets living-wage thresholds. Consider expanding Chicago’s One Fair Wage ordinance—which eliminates the tipped minimum wage—statewide.2. Secure Scheduling. Adopt statewide scheduling protections modeled on Chicago’s Fair Workweek Ordinance, requiring advance notice of schedules and compensation for last-minute changes.3. Paid Leave. Expand the state’s Paid Leave for All Workers Act beyond the current 40-hour annual cap to better support workers managing illness and family responsibilities.4. Gig Workers. Evaluate the impact of the Freelance Worker Protection Act on workforce conditions and economic growth and consider additional protections for gig workers.What’s Next?Illinois and its largest county and city have enacted worker protections, including a state minimum wage above the federal $7.25/hour, combined sick and family leave (one hour earned per 40 hours worked, capped at 40 hours/year), and multilingual workplace postings of employment rights. In the absence of additional federal standards, states and localities have implemented such measures. As the gig economy grows, Illinois faces decisions about extending these protections to its expanding low-wage contract workforce.</p
Action Learning Brief: Technical Assistance Approaches to Foster Health Equity
No full textThis document is the third brief in a three-part action learning series examining the role of technical assistance within the Building Healthy Communities COVID‑19 Response, Recovery, and Resiliency Initiative led by the Cook County Department of Public Health. It summarizes how technical assistance providers and CCDPH supported community-based organizations through both structured and adaptive methods, including training, coaching, resource sharing, and capacity-building. The brief highlights evaluation findings on the impact of technical assistance, challenges related to implementation, the importance of relationship‑building, and opportunities to advance racial and health equity through stronger community engagement and collaborative systems change.</p
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