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NUMBER-SPECIFICATION IN NUMERAL CIEN: WHERE GENERALITY MEETS LEXICAL SPECIFICITY
No full textNumbers express the primary concept of cardinality, the measure of the number of elements in a set that answers the question how many? Linguistically, they are conveyed through simple (dos ‘two’) or complex (doscientos ‘two hundred’). Although numerals higher than 1 are inherently plural, plurality only overtly appears on cien ‘hundred’ and millón ‘million’ and only when the numeral is part of a multiplicative number (doscientas sillas ‘two hundred.f.pl chairs’ vs. additive ciento dos sillas ‘one and hundred two chairs’). The additive vs. multiplicative constraint on overt number is analyzed as follows: complex numerals have a functional head that encodes plurality. This head is potentially realized as an affix that attaches to the root. Since additive numerals involve coordination, the Coordinate Structure Constraint blocks -s from attaching to the root. Multiplicative numerals, on the other hand, allow for -s to attach to the root, since no additional structure blocks attachment. Plurality only appears overtly on cien ‘hundred’ and millón ‘million’ because the morphological insertion rules for plurality in cardinals treats the null plural as default and the -s plural as marked (and restricted to a few roots). Approximative numerals (miles de personas ‘thousands of people’) obligatorily show plural marking and de, instantiating yet another source of number, a functional DIV(ision) head.</p
Data related to Feasibility and efficacy of peak-velocity interval training vs. moderate-intensity walking training in people with multiple sclerosis with severe fatigue and walking impairment: a pilot randomized controlled trial
No full textData for article: Cleland, B. T., Jeng, B., Brown, N., Motl, R. W., & Madhavan, S. (2025). Feasibility and efficacy of peak-velocity interval training vs. moderate-intensity walking training in people with multiple sclerosis with severe fatigue and walking impairment: a pilot randomized controlled trial. Multiple Sclerosis and Related Disorders, 106930. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.msard.2025.106930Introduction : High-intensity interval training (HIIT) may yield greater improvements in walking and fatigue for people with multiple sclerosis (MS) than moderate-intensity, continuous training (MICT). This pilot project established the feasibility of peak velocity interval walking training (PVIT, a novel form of HIIT) in people with MS who had elevated fatigue and walking dysfunction and determined initial efficacy on fitness, walking, fatigue, and cognition.Methods : Twelve people with MS [49.3 (7.4) years of age; 9 female; 1 - 34 years post diagnosis; Fatigue Severity Scale Score >4; Patient-Determined Disease Steps score 3 - 6] were randomly assigned into PVIT (n = 7) or MICT (n = 5) and completed 12 sessions of training up to 40 min. Feasibility was measured throughout as rates of recruitment, randomization, retention, adherence, and compliance. Pre- and post-assessments included peak oxygen consumption, walking performance, fatigue severity, and cognition.Results : All participants who enrolled were successfully randomized and completed all sessions (100 % retention) with no adverse events. Adherence was high (86 %) as was intensity compliance (100 %) and did not differ between groups. PVIT resulted in greater walking velocity (relative to maximal overground velocity, 95 % vs. 70 %) and heart rate reserve (93 % vs. 55 %) than MICT. Peak oxygen consumption improved more in the PVIT than MICT condition (14 % vs. 1 % improvement, p Conclusion : Initial results suggest that PVIT as a form of HIIT is safe, feasible, and may improve aerobic fitness more than MICT in people with MS who have elevated fatigue and impaired walking function.</p
Organizational Readiness for Transformational Partnerships in Biopharmaceutical Companies
No full textThis research explores biopharmaceutical companies' organizational readiness for transformational partnerships and more specifically, for the prevention of CMDs (phenomenon of interest). The researcher posited a relationship between organizational, leadership, and readiness factors and organizational readiness to engage in transformational partnerships within biopharmaceutical companies. A sequential, qualitative research design was utilized to maximize the assessment of the current state of organizational readiness for subunits of prevention and partnership in context. Results from a document analysis and semi-structured interviews, the researcher concluded that there are challenges for BC organizational-level readiness for effective and impactful achievement of SDG 3 via transformational partnerships that will have a significant impact on population health; however, a great deal of thought, effort, and motivation is present. These insights highlight the practice- and leadership-oriented elements that support more transformational, systems-level change.</p
PARTISAN DIVISION ON RANKED-CHOICE VOTING
No full textExecutive SummaryRanked-Choice Voting: What is It?Ranked-choice voting (RCV) has emerged as an increasingly partisan issue in American electoral politics. After initial momentum in 2022 with implementation in Maine and Alaska, RCV experienced significant setbacks in 2024: Ballot measures failed in six states, Nevada reversed its 2022 approval, and seventeen states have enacted legislative bans.Under RCV, voters rank candidates in order of preference. If no candidate achieves a majority of first-place votes, the last-place finisher is eliminated and the votes of all who ranked that candidate first are transferred to the second-choice candidates. The process repeats until a candidate secures a majority. Proponents contend RCV reduces “spoiler” effects from minor-party candidates and expands voter choice. Critics argue it introduces unnecessary complexity and can produce counterintuitive results.Who likes RCV?One might expect partisan preferences for RCV to vary by local context—Republicans favoring it where right-leaning minor parties compete, Democrats where left-leaning parties attract votes. However, contemporary positioning on RCV does not follow this geographic logic; partisan alignment appears relatively uniform across different electoral contexts.For instance, 2024 referendum results demonstrate consistent positive associations between Republican vote share and opposition to RCV. Across eight states and five municipalities, the higher the Trump vote, the lower the RCV support. In Alaska, where voters narrowly rejected repealing RCV by 0.2 percentage points (despite pro-RCV forces having outspent opponents 500,0), district-level results showed near-linear correlation between Republican presidential support and anti-RCV voting. Nevada’s identical referenda in 2022 and 2024 showed most counties shifting both toward Republicans and against RCV.Legislative DivisionLegislative voting patterns reveal even more pronounced partisan divisions. Across seventeen states that have banned RCV since 2022, most roll-call votes show Republican legislators voting nearly unanimously to prohibit the system and Democratic legislators voting nearly unanimously against such bans.Political discourse has centered on procedural questions, with Republicans citing voter confusion and delayed tabulation and Democrats questioning the necessity of banning an unused system. Academic research provides context for both perspectives: RCV does introduce specific complications—including scenarios where additional support can paradoxically harm a candidate—yet studies examining effects on voter confusion, campaign civility, and turnout have produced mixed results.Partisanship and Public Support for RCV (of late)Recent ballot measures reveal increasingly partisan divides in public support for ranked-choice voting, though the pattern is more complex than simple party alignment. Figure 1 examines 2024 RCV ballot measure results across 8 states and 5 municipalities, plotting the Republican (Trump-Vance) vote share against the proportion opposing RCV. The analysis reveals a strong positive correlation (r=0.66 for states alone, higher when including municipalities): jurisdictions with higher Republican vote shares consistently showed greater opposition to RCV, with more Democratic venues proving substantially more receptive to electoral reform.However, a notable pattern emerges in the data—RCV consistently underperformed expectations based on partisanship alone. In all but two cases (Alaska and Richmond, California), opposition to RCV exceeded what Trump’s vote share would predict. This systematic underperformance suggests that while partisan alignment clearly matters, RCV faces measurable resistance even in Democratic-leaning areas. The authors caution against drawing direct individual-level inferences from these aggregate patterns, but the findings indicate the issue doesn’t break purely along party lines, with RCV facing headwinds beyond simple Republican opposition.ImplicationsWhile RCV has a long history in the United States, the current backlash against RCV appears strongly (though not perfectly) partisan and largely disconnected from this empirical evidence. However, the authors argue that much work remains to fully understand the partisan dimensions of RCV support, requiring deeper analysis of aggregate votes, voter files, ballot-image data, surveys, and campaign rhetoric. Critically, they contend that the increasingly common assumption that RCV primarily benefits Democrats over Republicans remains largely untested, with effects likely more complex and conditional than widely recognized. The authors urge advocates and opponents alike to resist viewing electoral reform through a reflexive partisan lens, instead engaging seriously with logic and evidence. Election rules, they argue, are too consequential to be dismissed as arcane technicalities or resigned to as inherently unfair.</p
An accessory binding site in α3β4 nicotinic receptor
No full textThis data was acquired by whole cell patch clamp technique on HEK293T cells expressing α3β4 nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs). </p
Supplemental Material: EARLY WATER ON MARS HINDERED SUBDUCTION-DRIVEN PLATE TECTONICS
No full textSupplemental Material: EARLY WATER ON MARS HINDERED SUBDUCTION-DRIVEN PLATE TECTONICS Pramanik et alThis document includes Extended results, Figures S1 to S3, and Supplementary Table S1.</p
Assessing Readiness for Staff Training Systems in Idaho’s Local Health Departments: An Embedded Case Study
No full textThe public health workforce is undergoing a critical transformation, driven by increasing demands for workforce development, new infrastructure investments, and self-identified training needs among local health department (LHD) staff. This research explored the readiness of Idaho’s LHDs to implement or enhance workforce development systems. Using an embedded multiple case study design, the researcher investigates how workforce development is characterized, assesses readiness to support enhanced systems supporting staff training, and generates recommendations to enhance systems supporting staff training within and among LHDs in Idaho.Grounded in the R=MC² readiness framework, the study employed a phased qualitative approach that included listening sessions, document analysis, interviews, and a facilitated discussion with LHD leaders. Findings reveal that workforce development in Idaho LHDs is primarily understood as staff training, which is largely informal and lacks a shared vision across agencies. While motivation to improve training systems is high, capacity—both general and innovation-specific—is limited due to constraints in staffing, expertise, and funding. Despite these challenges, LHD leaders demonstrate openness to innovation and cross-agency collaboration.Recommendations emerging from the study focus on bolstering the foundational elements of workforce development and staff training systems. Recommendations for enhancing efforts among LHDs build upon agency-level recommendations and include coordination among LHDs on a shared vision for staff training, coordinate efforts to assess staff competencies, develop template materials to be shared among agencies, and ensure deliberate collaboration opportunities to enhance staff training efforts.</p
Validation of surface-based registration for genioplasty osteotomies: comparison with regional voxel-based registration
No full textDespite lower reported accuracy of genioplasty osteotomies, significant variation exists in the accuracy analysis techniques, without full validation. The purpose of this study was to compare the accuracy of surface-based registration (SBR) and regional voxel-based registration (R-VBR) for genioplasty osteotomies, to allow greater rigor in scrutinizing accuracy data. In a retrospective cross-sectional study of consecutive genioplasty patients at a single-center over a 5-year period, postoperative cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) scans were collected. The CBCTs were oriented to a known pitch/roll/yaw and set as the reference, and compared with the unoriented raw volumes. Both volumes were segmented to surface models, and SBR was performed using the genioplasty segment as the mutual region of interest. Angular (°) and linear (mm) errors at the pogonion and menton were measured, and compared with those of R-VBR, with accuracy thresholds of 0.5° and 0.3 mm. In 34 eligible subjects, angular errors ranged from 0.32° to 0.64°, and linear errors ranged from 0.11 to 0.44 mm for SBR (P </p
Identifying the Information Needs of American School Nurses: Results of a National Survey
No full textNo description supplied</p
Blood Lead Level Test Results for Children Residing in North Carolina in 1992-2019
No full textBlood lead level (BLL) test results for years 1992-2019 for children residing in North Carolina. These data are collected as part of the Childhood Lead Poisoning Surveillance program. There is one record per child and test with a unique identifier for each child. Information includes the BLL test result in micrograms per deciliter, date of the test, demographic information (race, ethnicity, sex), birth date, X/Y coordinates and census block. Note that the 2015 records are incomplete. Some records are missing.Source: NC Dept of Health and Human ServicesThis is a metadata-only record. To receive access to the dataset, you would need to work in collaboration with the Children's Environmental Health Initiative (CEHI) to develop an IRB/DUA. If interested, fill out the Research Project Plan form (linked here) and send it to us at [email protected] data will be stored and maintained for as long as our agreements allow.</p
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