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As FACETAS DE AGACHAMENTO ENCONTRADAS NO TÁLUS E TÍBIA DE UM INDIVÍDUO SEPULTADO NO CEMITÉRIO DO ENGENHO JAGUARIBE, ABREU E LIMA-PE, SÉC XVII-XIX.
No full textO trabalho apresenta as remodelações ósseas não patológicas encontradas no tálus e na tíbia de um indivíduo sepultado no cemitério do Engenho Jaguaribe, Abreu e Lima, litoral norte do Estado de Pernambuco. Para esse estudo, consideramos nas análises do tálus, a localização da faceta, o tipo de faceta de acocoramento (medial, lateral, contínua e combinada), os tipos de extensão da face troclear (lateral, medial, contínua), e a identificação das facetas correspondentes na extremidade distal da tíbia. Essas remodelações indicam o hábito de agachar, assim como a configuração de alteração no colo do tálus e extensão da face troclear, a aparente faceta na extremidade anterior da epífise distal da tíbia indica que o indivíduo do sepultamento 8 possuía o hábito de agachar, podendo também representar outros efeitos causais de posição, resultando em dorsi-flexão (flexão para cima) do pé em direção ao joelho. Essa técnica de agachamento associa-se a um conjunto maior de posições corporais necessárias ao desenvolvimento de atividades de subsistência, plantio e lida nos engenhos de Pernambuco, em especial o Engenho Jaguaribe.
 
Direito Penal Vingativo : estudo jusliterário sobre a pena como vingança pelo crime em Foucault e Kafka e seus possíveis reflexos na sociedade brasileira contemporânea
Full text linkO estudo realiza uma análise jusliterária sobre a pena como forma de vingança, usando as obras Na Colônia Penal, de Franz Kafka, e Vigiar e Punir, de Michel Foucault. Inserido no movimento Direito e Literatura, o trabalho explora como a ideia de punição se aproxima da vingança, identificando pontos comuns entre pena e vindita nas obras analisadas. A pesquisa examina os reflexos dessa concepção de pena na sociedade brasileira contemporânea. Com abordagem qualitativa e método histórico-comparativo, o estudo propõe e testa a hipótese de que a penologia moderna traz um fundo de vingança, refletido tanto na doutrina quanto na literatura
A Cultura Digital na sala de aula: utilizando as TIDC’s no ensino de Língua Espanhola
Full text linkThe present work aims to weave some reflections on the presence of digital culture in the classroom space, seeking to demonstrate how TDICs are interfering in contemporary teaching practices, in the particular case of Spanish Language teaching. From a theoretical-methodological point of view, we mainly resorted to bibliographical analysis, using several authors who have dedicated themselves to the study of the topic in question, such as Pierre Lévy (1999), Silva e Lima (2011) and Santos ( 2021). In this sense, we intend to understand the developments of digital culture in contemporary society and the impacts of new technologies on innovative teaching practices in E/FL (Spanish as a Foreign Language) classes.Este estudo tem como objetivo refletir sobre a presença da cultura digital no ambiente escolar e analisar como as Tecnologias Digitais da Informação e Comunicação (TDIC’s) podem contribuir para práticas de ensino inovadoras, especialmente no ensino da língua espanhola. Do ponto de vista metodológico, realizou-se uma pesquisa bibliográfica, qualitativa e exploratória que melhor se adequa ao desenvolvimento do presente estudo, fundamentada em autores como Pierre Lévy (1999), Silva e Lima (2011) e Santos (2021). Os resultados indicam que a cultura digital e a cibercultura vêm transformando significativamente as relações e as formas de apren- dizagem na sociedade contemporânea, com impactos diretos no ensino de línguas estrangeiras. Aplicativos como Duolingo, Babbel, YouTube e Netflix demonstram-se ferramentas eficazes para o desenvolvimento de habilidades linguísticas, como leitura, escrita, oralidade e tradução. Sendo assim, o uso das TDIC’s no ensino de espanhol pode tornar as aulas mais dinâmicas, interativas e atrativas aos estudantes.
Macro-Regional Disparities in Specialized Dental Care for Children in the Brazilian Unified Health System: An Ecological Study
Full text linkObjective: To investigate macro-regional disparities in specialized outpatient dental care for children in the Brazilian Unified Health System (SUS). Material and Methods: An ecological study was conducted using a longitudinal, retrospective, and quantitative approach. The number of outpatient dental procedures (ODPs) performed by Pediatric Dentists in the SUS was retrieved by the Outpatient Information System (SIA/SUS), considering the period between 2008 and 2022, as well as the five macro-regions of Brazil. Statistical analysis was based on descriptive and analytical approaches. The significance level was adjusted to 5%. Results: More than 29 million outpatient dental procedures were performed in the last 15 years by Pediatric Dentists in the SUS. The incidence rate of ODPs was significantly lower in the Northeast macro-region compared to the other macro-regions and the national estimate (p<0.05). The north was the only macro-region that showed a decreasing temporal trend over the last 15 years (p=0.026), while the others were stationary (p>0.05). However, when the COVID-19 pandemic years were removed, testing from 2008 to 2019, the trend was also stationary (p=0.351). In addition, the North macro-region was the only one not correlated with the national estimate (p=0.478), showing a distinct pattern in the incidence rate of ODPs over the last 15 years. Nonetheless, The variability of this particular variable was striking across all macro-regions, but it was especially pronounced in the north. Conclusion: There are macro-regional disparities in specialized dental care for children in the Brazilian Unified Health System
Evaluation of Dentists\u27 Knowledge in a Brazilian city about Managing Dental Injuries in Children According to IADT Guidelines: A Cross-Sectional Study
Full text linkObjective: To evaluate the knowledge level of dentists in Mossoró, RN, Brazil, regarding dental trauma management based on the current guidelines of the International Association of Dental Traumatology (IADT). Material and Methods: Dentists working in Mossoró and regularly registered with the Regional Dentistry Council of Rio Grande do Norte responded to a printed or digital questionnaire investigating sociodemographic and professional profiles with 12 questions about dental trauma management. Jamovi 2.3.28.0 software assisted the statistical comparisons between subcategories relating to the participants\u27 sociodemographic and professional profiles, with a 5% significance level. Results:69 dentists participated in the study. The mean percentage of correct answers was 50.24%, including all inquiries. The lowest rates of correct answers regarded tooth intrusion and avulsion (14.5% and 31.88%, respectively). The overall median score for the proper management of dental trauma was 6.0 points, considering a maximum possible score of 12, categorizing the participants\u27 overall knowledge as acceptable. Sex, clinical experience, postgraduate degree, primary activity sector, the number of previously treated cases, and self-reported knowledge of dental trauma did not significantly affect dentists\u27 knowledge level. Conclusion: The knowledge level of dentists in Mossoró regarding dental trauma management is acceptable based on current IADT guidelines
Comparison of Novel Bioactive Materials in Indirect Pulp Therapy in Deciduous Teeth: An in Vivo Study
Full text linkObjective: To assess the clinical success of Biodentine, NeoPutty, and calcium hydroxide as pulp capping materials for indirect pulp capping in carious primary teeth. Material and Methods: Indirect pulp treatment was performed on 36 deciduous molars in patients with deep carious lesions. The teeth were randomly assigned to three groups (n=12): Biodentine, NeoPutty, and calcium hydroxide. Statistical analysis was conducted using SPSS software version 21.0. Pearson\u27s Chi-square test was employed to compare success and failure rates of the materials at three different time intervals (30, 90, and 180 days) and overall success and failure rates regardless of the time intervals. Results: Different pulp capping materials yielded varying success rates. The NeoPutty demonstrated a success rate of 91.67%, the Biodentine 83.33%, and the calcium hydroxide 58.33% after 6 months. However, these differences were not statistically significant (p>0.05). Conclusion: Indirect pulp treatment with calcium silicate-based materials, such as Biodentine and NeoPutty, showed superior results compared to calcium hydroxide. Although differences in success rates were observed among the materials, they did not reach statistical significance
Assessing the Quality of YouTube® Videos on Nitrous Oxide/Oxygen Inhalation: A Multi-Dimensional Approach for Pediatric Dentists
Full text linkObjective: To evaluate the content, credibility, quality, and alignment with American Academy of Pediatric Dentistry (AAPD) guidelines of YouTube® videos on Nitrous Oxide/Oxygen (N2O/O2) Inhalation for pediatric dentists. Material and Methods: Two hundred YouTube® videos on N2O/O2 inhalation were assessed using an AAPD-aligned checklist for content, Journal of the American Medical Association (JAMA) benchmarks for credibility, and Video Information and Quality Index (VIQI) elements for quality. A total score combining these three tools determined each video\u27s overall quality. Analysis used Kruskal-Wallis tests and Spearman\u27s correlation, while reliability was assessed using Cohen\u27s kappa. Results: Of the initial 200 videos, 82 were thoroughly analyzed, with only 15.9% contributed by pediatric dentists. Mean scores were: JAMA 0.62/4 (SD=0.87), VIQI 4.68/10 (SD=2.10), content 8.01/33 (SD=7.50), and total 26.39/100 (SD=20.44). Most videos failed JAMA credibility criteria (63.4-96.3% absence rates). For VIQI, 75.6% rated poor for visual clarity. Significant positive correlations existed between video duration, interaction index, and total score (p<0.05). Most videos demonstrated limited coverage of crucial aspects, such as contraindications, pre-operative instructions, behavior management, delivery systems, monitoring, staff safety, occupational risks, and legal documentation. Conclusion: Existing YouTube® content on N2O/O2 inhalation falls short of AAPD guidelines and quality standards (including content, credibility, and technical aspects), underscoring the need for pediatric dentists to validate information with reliable sources. There is an immediate call for high-quality, guideline-adherent content
Consumption of Cariogenic Ultra-processed Foods and Maternal Report of Dental Caries and Dental Pain among Preschool Children
Full text linkObjective: To assess the association between cariogenic ultra-processed foods (UPF) consumption and maternal reports of dental caries and dental pain among preschool children. Material and Methods: This cross-sectional study included 505 mothers of children aged 3 to 5 years enrolled in the Municipal Public School System in a large southern Brazilian city (Curitiba, Paraná). Socioeconomic data, maternal reports on dental caries and dental pain among children, and frequency of consumption of cariogenic UPFs among those children were collected. Univariate and multivariate Poisson regression analyses with robust variance were used for the data analysis (α=0.05) and presented in prevalence ratio (PR) and 95% confidence interval (95% CI). Results: The presence of dental caries and dental pain among children in the upper tercile of consumption of cariogenic UPFs was, respectively, 11.6% (95%CI:1.028-1.213) and 8% (95%CI:1.001-1.165) higher than that in the lower tercile. Dental caries and dental pain increased, respectively, by 12% (95%CI:1.074-1.169) and 10.3% (95%CI:1.060-1.149) for each year of the child. Moreover, a higher household income was a protective factor for dental caries (PRa:0.978; 95%CI:0.959-0.997) and for dental pain as well (PRa:0.977; 95%CI:0.958-0.997) among the children. Conclusion: A higher consumption of cariogenic ultra-processed foods (UPFs) was found to be associated with maternal reports of dental caries and dental pain among preschool children
Impact of Different Photoinitiers of Adhesive Systems on Mechanical Properties, Sorption, Solubility, and Microtensile Bond Strength to Dentin
Full text linkObjective: To evaluate the influence of photoinitiators on the physicochemical properties of simplified conventional adhesive systems. Material and Methods: Three adhesive systems were tested: Adper Single Bond 2 (3M), Ambar (FGM), and Ambar APS (FGM). For the cohesive strength (CS) test, specimens (n =10) were prepared and subjected to mechanical testing in a universal testing machine (Instron 3342). For the cross-link density (CLD) test, eight specimens of each material were prepared and subjected to Knoop microhardness measurements before and after immersion in ethanol for 24 hours. For the sorption and solubility (SS) test, ten specimens (n=10) of each material were prepared and tested over 28 days. For the dentin bond strength (BS) test, human molars (n=6) were restored, sectioned, and tested in a universal testing machine at a 1 mm/min speed. The data were analyzed using one-way ANOVA, two-way repeated measures ANOVA, and Holm-Sidak for mean contrasts (α=0.05). Results: Statistical analysis revealed no significant differences between the materials in the BS (p=0.40), CS (p=0.356), CLD (p=0.189), and solubility (p=0.157) tests. However, for the sorption test, a significant difference was observed between the adhesive systems, with Single Bond showing the highest values compared to Ambar and Ambar APS, which were similar. Conclusion: The APS photoinitiation system provides no advantage in the analyzed properties
Discussing the Hand-Over-Mouth Technique
Full text linkObjective: To discuss the relevance or not of using the “Hand Over Mouth Technique” (HOM) to manage children\u27s behavior in dental offices today, with an emphasis on ethical and legal aspects. Material and Methods: A literature review was carried out considering legal frameworks in the administrative, civil, and criminal spheres, aiming to identify potential violations that put professionals at risk of legal, civil, and criminal ethical proceedings. Results: Some crucial aspects need to be highlighted when discussing HOM, including the context in which it was used and the current reality of dental care for children. Dental treatment for children must be based on the humanization of care, health promotion, with parents inside the office, and minimally invasive dentistry. Techniques such as selective dentin removal, atraumatic restorative treatment, application of silver diamine fluoride, and conscious sedation are a reality in pediatric dentistry offices and offer effective and less traumatic treatment possibilities. Conclusion: Using Hand Over Mouth Technique violates the Code of Dental Ethics and at the same time, places the professional who uses it in a borderline situation in relation to the Brazilian Statute of the Child and Adolescent and the Consumer Protection Code