Universidade Estadual da Paraíba (UEPB): Sistema Eletrônico de Editoração de Revistas
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Conformidade com a norma ABNT ISO/IEC 27001-2006: um estudo de caso sobre a implementação de Sistema de Gestão da Segurança da Informação
Get PDFSince the 1990s, the management models of organizations have undergone strong processes of technological innovation, driven by the acceleration of globalization. Executives and managers need quick solutions in the face of an increasingly globalized world. In this context, Information Security Management, which plays an extremely important role in the organizational environment, is geared towards protecting information from the constant digital threats of the external environment. This research aims to verify the compliance of a supermarket with the requirements of standard 27001 of the Brazilian Association of Technical Standards of 2006, especially with regard to the existence and implementation of an Information Security Management System and Information Security Policy. The research is characterized as descriptive with a case study and qualitative approach. The data collection instruments were a questionnaire applied to the Information Technology Manager and a checklist applied to the Human Resources Coordinator of the supermarket under study. The results show that, although the supermarket adopts some preventative actions, it was not found to have an Information Security Policy, nor was it found to have an Information Security Management System, as established by the aforementioned standard in items A.5 and A.8. To this end, it is suggested that the supermarket\u27s management include an Information Security Policy in its strategic planning, and make the supermarket less vulnerable to digital attacks from the external environment.Os modelos de gestão das organizações têm passado principalmente a partir de 1990, por fortes processos de inovação tecnológica, impulsionados pelo aceleramento da globalização. Executivos e gestores necessitam de soluções rápidas diante de um mundo cada vez mais globalizado. Neste contexto, a Gestão da Segurança da Informação, a qual exerce um papel extremamente importante no ambiente organizacional, está voltada a proteger a informação das constantes ameaças digitais do ambiente externo. Esta pesquisa tem como objetivo verificar a conformidade de um supermercado com os requisitos da norma 27001 da Associação Brasileira de Normas Técnicas do ano de 2006, especialmente no que tange à existência, à implementação de um Sistema de Gestão da Segurança da Informação e à Política de Segurança da Informação. A pesquisa se caracteriza como descritiva com estudo de caso e abordagem qualitativa. Os instrumentos de coleta de dados foram um questionário aplicado junto à Gerência de Tecnologia da Informação e um checklist aplicado à Coordenação de Recursos Humanos do supermercado objeto de estudo. Os resultados apontam que, apesar do supermercado adotar algumas ações de prevenção, não foi encontrado uma Política de Segurança da Informação, como também a ausência de um Sistema de Gestão da Segurança da Informação, conforme estabelece a referida norma nos itens A.5 e A.8. Para tanto, sugere-se à direção do supermercado, inserir em seu planejamento estratégico uma Política de Segurança da Informação, e tornar o supermercado menos vulnerável os ataques digitais vindos do ambiente externo
Dentistry Students’ Knowledge of Pediatric Patients Who Suffered Violence: A Systematic Review
Get PDFObjective: To review the literature unprecedentedly to identify the dentistry students\u27 knowledge of pediatric patients who suffered violence. Material and Methods: A systematic review was conducted using PubMed, Web of Science, LILACS, SciELO, Google Scholar, and OpenGrey electronic databases up to November 2021. The "Grey Literature" was verified through Google Scholar and Open Grey searches to avoid any selection bias. There was no restriction on the date of publication or language. Results: The systematic search yielded 2.756 studies in the first selection phase, but only twenty-two articles were included. All selected articles were published between 1998 and 2021 and used a questionnaire to evaluate the dentistry students\u27 knowledge regarding child maltreatment cases. Brazil was the country that had the most studies included (10 articles). Despite the majority of the students presenting insufficient knowledge about child maltreatment, evidence from this research showed that every form of approach by professionals toward child maltreatment should be considered important. Conclusion: Therefore, there are deficiencies regarding the teaching-learning methodology, reinforcing the need for improvements in Dentistry undergraduate curricula
Insulin-Like Growth Factor-1 and Insulin-Like Growth Factor Binding Protein-3 – Biomarkers for Skeletal Maturity Assessment in Class II Malocclusion
Get PDFObjective: To estimate the serum levels of non-radiologic biomarkers, Insulin-like Growth Factor-1 (IGF-1), and Insulin-like Growth Factor Binding Protein-3 (IGFBP-3) to potentially identify the pubertal growth spurt in skeletal Class II malocclusion subjects. Material and Methods: Eighty subjects (M-38, F-42) with skeletal Class II malocclusion in the age range of 11-18 years were recruited for the cross-sectional study. Human serum IGF-1 and IGFBP-3 were quantitatively assessed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, and the cervical stage (CS) was evaluated from a lateral cephalogram. Results: Gender-wise comparison of the mean serum IGF-1 levels revealed that the initial peak was detected at CS2 in both genders, [males (87.87 ng/mL), females (78.49 ng/mL)]. However, there was a cognizable difference in the second peak of the mean serum IGF-1 levels between males (CS5, 68.58 ng/mL) and females (CS4, 74.63 ng/mL). Mean IGFBP-3 serum levels in male subjects were high in CS4 (47.24 ng/mL) with a further spike in CS6 (50.54 ng/mL), and in female subjects, it was found to be highest in CS3 (51.95 ng/mL) and then in CS5 (49.68 ng/mL). Conclusion: Mean IGF-1 levels exhibited both sexes\u27 prepubertal and late pubertal spikes. Mean IGFBP-3 levels revealed a pubertal and a late pubertal spike in both sexes, with an earlier growth trend observed specific to females compared to males
Salivary Changes, Systemic Conditions, and Medication Use in Independently-Living Aged: A Cross-Sectional Study
Get PDFObjective: To determine the unstimulated salivary flow, pH, and buffering capacity and their associations with systemic conditions and medication use in independently living aged. Material and Methods: This cross-sectional study included 72 participants with a minimum of 60 years recruited in Belo Horizonte, Brazil. A questionnaire was used to collect age, sex, presence of systemic diseases, and medications in continuous use. Salivary data collection was performed to determine unstimulated salivary flow, pH, and buffering capacity. Descriptive, bivariate, and multivariate analyses were performed (p<0.05). Results: Most of the sample had at least one systemic disease (81.9%) and used at least one medication (79.2%). Female participants (p=0.01), those with five or more systemic diseases (p<0.01), and hypertension (p=0.04) had reduced salivary flow. Participants with systemic diseases (p=0.02), taking any medication (p=0.04), in a polypharmacy regimen, and presenting hypertension (p=0.02) had more acidic salivary pH. Participants with diabetes had average salivary buffering capacity (p=0.02). In the adjusted multiple regression models, no explanatory variable was significantly associated with the salivary outcomes. Conclusion: Systemic alterations and medication use appear to be related to salivary changes in older adults. Integrative assessment of older adults is fundamental to identifying and controlling the factors that may modify their salivary characteristics
Treatment Trends in Paediatric Dentistry with Evolving Training and Education of Postgraduate Students in India: A Retrospective Study
Get PDFObjective: To assess and analyse the pattern of dental treatment services and their characteristics provided to children by evaluating the clinical use of materials and prevalence in material research in a major postgraduate paediatric tertiary care hospital in India over three years. Material and Methods: Institutionally approved retrospective analysis was conducted by auditing the clinical records of 2644 patients who visited and had treatment in the Outpatient and Inpatient Department of Paedodontics and Preventive Dentistry from January 2017 to December 2019. Clinical logbooks of postgraduate students were analysed by crosschecking with the department\u27s data warehouse. Results: Out of the 2644 children who had treatment, more than two-thirds of them were in the age group of 4-7 years old. Around 5.6% of the patients were specially-abled children. Extraction (33.5%) was the most common treatment, followed by restorative treatment (29.1%). Endodontic treatment had a prevalence of 19.8%, with a reduced prevalence of preventive treatment care (0.5%). Patients who had traumatic tooth management included 2.8% of the study population. The prevalence of preventive care was found to be 2.1%. The teaching curriculum with theoretical and clinical skill practices was under the country\u27s assigned authority. Conclusion: Despite advancements in paediatric dentistry, more children had extraction treatment with less observed utilization of preventive care. The widening of the training prospectus includes comprehensive care and an amplified focus on preventive care in the academic curriculum of paediatric postgraduates, which is the need of the hour
Impact of Photobiomodulation during Root Canal Treatment on Oral Health-Related Quality of Life: A Randomized Clinical Trial
Get PDFObjective: To evaluate the impact of endodontic treatment with photobiomodulation on oral health-related quality of life (HRQoL). Material and Methods: Seventy participants with single-rooted teeth and a diagnosis of asymptomatic apical periodontitis were selected and randomized into two groups: control group (CG, n = 35), root canal treatment without additional treatment, and experimental group (EG, n = 35), root canal treatment associated with antimicrobial photodynamic therapy and low-level laser therapy. OHRQoL was assessed using the Oral Health Impact Profile Questionnaire (OHIP-14) at baseline and 7 and 30 days after treatment. Data were subjected to Wilcoxon, Mann-Whitney tests, and linear regression using the generalized estimating equation model, using the Statistical Package for Social Science software with a significance level of 5%. Results: No statistically significant differences were found between groups regarding sociodemographic and clinical characteristics (p>0.05). There was also no difference in the OHRQoL between the CG and EG (p>0.05). However, there was a statistical difference in OHIP-14 scores between baseline and the 7- and 30-day follow-up intervals in both groups for all domains (p<0.05). Conclusion: Root canal treatment, with or without photobiomodulation, significantly improved the OHRQoL of participants after 7 and 30 days of treatment
Root Temperature Variation during Gutta-Percha Removal Using Stainless Steel and NiTi Instruments
Get PDFObjective: To assess the temperature variation of gutta-percha removal with stainless steel and two NiTi instruments using infrared thermography and thermocouples. Material and Methods: 45 single-rooted teeth were divided into three groups (n = 15) according to the following gutta-percha removal instruments: Largo Peeso (L), Protaper Retreatment (PR), and Reciproc (R). Thermal analysis was conducted using a FLIR T650sc infrared thermography camera and three thermocouples. For infrared thermography assessment, the infrared camera was programmed to acquire thermograms every 15 seconds before the gutta-percha removal started until temperature normalization. Root temperature was assessed in the thermograms using FLIR tools software v6.4 with the straight-line tool along the long axis of the tooth and in the cervical, middle, and apical thirds of each tooth. The temperature from the thermocouples was recorded and registered for each root third. Inferential statistical analysis Kruskal-Wallis and post hoc Tukey tests were used. Results: For the infrared thermography camera, the highest median temperature value was found 15 seconds after gutta-percha removal for the L technique (20.3°C), which presented the highest temperatures at all studied times. For thermocouples, the highest temperature was found in the middle third during gutta-percha removal with L (20.7°C). PR and R presented similar patterns of root temperature. Conclusion: Stainless-steel L temperature reaches values above 10°C; however, the exposure time was too short to cause injuries to the periodontium
Understanding the Visual Behavior for the Improved Cone Beam Computed Tomography Diagnosis and Management of Traumatic Dental Injuries: An Eye-Tracking Study
Get PDFObjective: To investigate the relationship between eye-tracking visual parameters and the precision of diagnoses and management for traumatic dental injuries (TDIs) in anterior teeth, utilizing CBCT to understand how visual observation is linked to cognitive processing. Material and Methods: A total of nineteen calibrated endodontic postgraduate residents participated in this study. They were subjected to an eye-tracking technology to analyze their interaction and interpretation of CBCT images. CBCT scans of maxillary teeth affected by TDIs were collected from individuals seeking treatment at the endodontic division of KAUD. Seven TDI cases were viewed through the Experiment Centre software, integrated with a SensoMotoric Instruments (SMI) eye-tracking device (Sensomotoric Instruments, Teltow, Germany), capturing the participants’ eye movements as they analyzed CBCT image views. Clinical details were provided for each case, and residents formulated their diagnoses and management. The association between the parameters of eye-tracking behavior and the accuracy of both diagnosis and management was examined using the Mann-Whitney test. Results: A longer duration spent scanning the entire CBCT scan and a prolonged time until pathology detection were associated with accurate diagnosis and treatment decisions. However, a significant association was not found between longer time spent on areas of interest or the number of revisits with the accurate diagnosis and management. Conclusion: This study demonstrates that detailed examination of CBCT scans enhances diagnostic precision and management for traumatic dental injuries, underscoring the potential of targeted training to improve diagnostic accuracy. Future research with larger and more diverse samples is recommended to confirm these findings
Orthodontic Retention Protocols: Evaluating the Effectiveness of Different Retention Protocols in Maintaining Post-Treatment Tooth Alignment
Get PDFObjective: To evaluate the effectiveness of various orthodontic retention protocols, including removable retainers, fixed retainers, and a combination of both. Material and Methods: A cohort of orthodontic patients (n=240) was divided into four groups: Removable Retainer Group, Fixed Retainer Group, Combination Protocol Group, and Control Group. Tooth alignment stability, patient satisfaction, compliance, and adverse event occurrence were assessed over two years. Data analysis included regression analysis and comparisons between groups. Results: Fixed retainers demonstrated superior effectiveness in maintaining tooth alignment stability compared to removable retainers and the combination protocol, with the slightest deviation from baseline alignment. The Fixed Retainer Group also reported the highest patient satisfaction and compliance rates. Adverse events and complications, such as retainer breakage and discomfort, were more frequent in the Removable Retainer Group. Conclusion: Fixed retainers offer superior tooth alignment stability, patient satisfaction, and compliance, while adverse events are relatively infrequent and manageable. However, patient preferences and needs should be considered when choosing the most appropriate retention strategy
Breakdown in Hypomineralization in Deciduous Teeth: An Association between Anthropometric, Orthodontic and Dental Caries Data
Get PDFObjective: To analyze the association of dental tissue fracture related to hypomineralization and its association with anthropometric, orthodontic, and dental caries in deciduous teeth. Material and Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted with 313 children aged 6 to 10. Data were collected through clinical examination based on criteria from the European Academy of Pediatric Dentistry (EAPD) for the diagnosis of hypomineralization. Facial biotype analysis was conducted based on collected data. Orthodontic data were collected in terms of Angle classification and malocclusions. The diagnosis of dental caries was guided by ICDAS II (International Caries Detection and Assessment System) parameters. Statistical analysis involved descriptive analysis, Fisher\u27s exact test, and the chi-squared test. Results: 23.3% of children had hypomineralization in deciduous, and 20.4% had post-eruptive breakdown preceded by hypomineralization (PEBH). The analyses indicated that weight, height, facial biotype, and malocclusions are not significantly associated with PEBH. Dental caries was associated with the presence of hypomineralization (p<0.001) and breakdown in deciduous teeth (p<0.001). Conclusion: An association between dental caries, hypomineralization, and PEBH was found for deciduous teeth. Orthodontic and anthropometric parameters were not associated with post-eruptive breakdown preceded by hypomineralization