Universidade Estadual da Paraíba (UEPB): Sistema Eletrônico de Editoração de Revistas
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Different Methods for Using a Validated Comic to Promote the Safe Use of Fluoridated Toothpaste Among Children
No full textObjective: To evaluate methods for utilizing a validated educational comic to promote the safe use of fluoridated toothpaste among children. Material and Methods: This quasi-experimental study included 33 educators from four municipal preschools in Macapá, Brazil. Schools were randomly assigned to two groups: G1 (educators read the comic independently; n=19) and G2 (educators read the comic and later participated in a dentist-led discussion; n=14). Educators completed pre- and post-intervention questionnaires. Educators served as the unit of analysis, and statistical analyses were conducted at α=5%.
Results:
Knowledge improved in both groups. A significant reduction was observed in the amount of toothpaste applied to children\u27s toothbrushes, along with increased awareness of the risks associated with toothpaste sitting on the brush before brushing began (p<0.05). G2 demonstrated a higher frequency of correct responses regarding toothpaste use and quantity. Furthermore, in G2, perceptions of fluorosis risk were significantly associated with key factors, including the age-appropriate amount of toothpaste (p=0.0277), children applying toothpaste independently (p=0.0251), adult supervision (p=0.0284), swallowing toothpaste (p=0.0425), and encouraging expectoration (p=0.0152). Conclusion: The comic effectively improved educators\u27 knowledge of safe toothpaste use. The addition of a group discussion further enhanced this effect, underscoring the importance of integrating independent learning with interactive strategies to optimize oral health education
In Vitro Cytotoxicity and Genotoxicity Evaluation of an Orabase Libidibia ferrea L.
No full textObjective: To evaluate the cytotoxic and genotoxic effects of a phytotherapeutic ointment containing 2% L. ferrea L extract. Material and Methods: Libidibia ferrea L. barks were used as raw material. The extract was prepared by decoction under reflux in a hydroalcoholic solution. The extract concentration in the orabase formulation was determined based on the minimum inhibitory concentration. Biocompatibility was assessed by cell culture tests from MRC5 human fibroblasts. The Alamar Blue test evaluated cytotoxicity; the Trypan Blue Solution trial evaluated cell viability. The comet assay on alkaline and neutral pH assessed genotoxicity. Test results were tabulated and analyzed through descriptive and inferential statistics, with ANOVA Test (p≤ 0.05). Results: No cytotoxic activity or morphological induction of cell death for the test formulation. Regarding genotoxicity, the Juca formulation could not induce DNA damage in MRC-5 at 25 and 50 μg/mL concentrations through the comet assay at neutral or alkaline pH. Conclusion: The tested formulation is biocompatible, and no cytotoxic or genotoxic effects were observed under test conditions, demonstrating viability for future in vivo tests
Availability of Periodontal Instruments, Procedures, and Specialized Referral in Primary Health Care in Brazil
No full textObjective: To analyze the availability of periodontal instruments, services, and specialized referrals in Primary Health Care and compare Brazilian geographical regions. Material and Methods: The historical time series analysis was carried out based on secondary data extracted from the 1st (2012), 2nd (2014), and 3rd (2018) cycles of the external evaluation of the Basic Care Access and Quality National Program. A comparison was carried out between the proportion (%) of Oral Health Teams (OHT) and dependent variables (Periodontal instruments, service offered, and specialized referral) and the independent variables of Brazilian geographical regions and years. Results: The number of OHT evaluated was 12,562 (2012), 18,333 (2014), and 21,817 (2018). Increase was observed in the availability of periodontal probe, periodontal curette, sharpening stones, and sodium bicarbonate jet for the Brazilian OHT, and in all regions of the country between 2014 and 2018 (p<0.001), and reduction in the availability of dental ultrasound in Brazil, mainly in the Southern (p<0.001), Southeastern (p<0.001), and Midwestern (p=0.008) regions. Supragingival Scaling and Root Planing were the most commonly performed periodontal procedures. At the same time, frenotomy/frenectomy was the least performed procedure by the OHT in Brazil and in all Brazilian regions, with a gradual increase according to the cycle (p<0.001). The offer of periodontal specialist referral increased from 54.6% (2012), 68.3% (2014), to 81.8% (2018) in Brazil and all Brazilian regions (p<0.001). Conclusion: Despite the increase in periodontal instruments, procedures, and specialist referrals in Brazil, regional differences were still observed
Two Protocols for Assessing the Risk of Dental Caries in Adolescents: A Comparative Study
No full textObjective: To evaluate the caries risk in adolescents, according to different protocols. Material and Methods: This is an observational, cross-sectional, quantitative, and analytical study, performed in 2024, in Araçatuba city, São Paulo, Brazil, with 15-year-old adolescents enrolled in an educational foundation that helps them find work. Sample size calculation was performed considering the prevalence of high risk of dental caries as the main outcome. Caries risk was evaluated according two protocols: 1) Technical Area of Oral Health of the State Department of Health of São Paulo, Brazil (TAOH); 2) American Dental Association (ADA). Data were collected by a single researcher through clinical examinations and interviews. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics techniques and the binomial test was used to compare the proportions according to the caries risk. Results: 103 adolescents participated in the study. The proportion of low caries risk was higher (p=0.0113) in TAOH protocol compared to ADA protocol. Dental caries index (DMFT) was 3.56+3.39. The classification according to TAOH protocol was: 59.23% high risk; 25.24% moderate risk; and 15.53% low risk. The classification according to ADA protocol was: 62.14% high risk; 33.01% moderate risk; and 4.85% low risk. Conclusion: In both protocols, the caries risk of most adolescents was classified as high. The proportion of low caries risk was higher according to the TAOH protocol compared to ADA protocol
Assessing Mothers\u27 Knowledge of Preventing Dental Caries in Breastfed versus Bottle-Fed Children: A Cross-Sectional Study
No full textObjective: To assess maternal knowledge about ECC prevention in breastfed versus bottle-fed children, exploring how breastfeeding practices and socio-demographic factors like education and income influence this understanding. Material and Methods: This cross-sectional study involved 340 mothers from the dental clinics at Qassim University. Mothers, aged 20-49 and currently breastfeeding or bottle-feeding, completed questionnaires covering socio-demographic background, birth-related information, and knowledge about the dental health of toddlers. The questionnaires were adapted from previous studies and translated into Arabic. Data analysis was conducted using SPSS, focusing on descriptive statistics and Chi-square tests. Results: The majority of participating mothers fell within the 30-39 age range, were employees, and predominantly practiced mixed feeding. While many showed acceptable to high knowledge about child dental prevention and awareness of dental caries due to lactation, significant gaps were noted in areas like the timing of the first dental visit and understanding of the impact of nocturnal breastfeeding on caries development. Variations in knowledge were also observed across different income groups and lactation types. Conclusion: The study highlights the need for targeted educational interventions to bridge knowledge gaps among mothers, particularly regarding the timing of dental appointments and the implications of feeding practices on dental health. It underscores the importance of educational and socio-economic factors in shaping maternal knowledge about ECC prevention
A RECONSTRUÇÃO RACIONAL DA TERMODINÂMICA SEGUNDO MOULINES:: A EMERGÊNCIA DE CRITÉRIOS SUBJACENTES À METODOLOGIA DOS PROGRAMAS DE PESQUISA DE LAKATOS
No full textThe methodology of Lakatos’ research programs has been widely employed in a variety of areas to rationally reconstruct the sciences, with the benefit of making explicit processes in history that had hitherto remained unknown and ignored. However, despite this, several criticisms were made about the method of research programs and their applicability. Some of these criticisms stem from the lack of knowledge of the authentic nature of the methodology of research programs and its application. The analysis of a case, the rational reconstruction of thermodynamics proposed by Moulines, evidences characteristics that were until then discrete, underlying criteria, which can be invoked to dissolve or settle some of these criticisms, revealing that the Lakatosian model is itself a research program capable of improvements while a core structure remains unchanged.A metodologia dos programas de pesquisa de Lakatos foi empregado amplamente em diversos campos para reconstruir racionalmente inúmeras áreas da ciência, com o benefício de tornar explícitos processos na história que metodologias rivais, como o indutivismo, o convencionalismo e o falseacionismo dogmático, eram incapazes de abordar satisfatoriamente. Apesar disso, várias críticas foram tecidas sobre o método dos programas de pesquisa e sua aplicabilidade. Algumas dessas críticas nascem do desconhecimento da autêntica natureza da metodologia dos programas de pesquisa e sua aplicação. A análise de um caso, a reconstrução racional da Termodinâmica, proposta por Moulines, evidencia características (mais ou menos) implícitas – propostas aqui como critérios subjacentes – que podem ser evocados para dissolver ou dirimir algumas dessas críticas, revelando que o modelo lakatosiano é, ele próprio, um programa de pesquisa passível de aperfeiçoamentos, enquanto sua estrutura nuclear se mantém inalterada
Introducción al dossier - Tiempos precarios. Comunidades y territorios en la imaginación contemporánea
No full textIntroducción al dossier
Energy Drink Consumption Causes Severe Dental Erosion: An in Vitro Study
No full textObjective: To evaluate whether the consumption of energy drinks promotes dental erosion and assess the effectiveness of various treatments. Materials and Methods: Forty specimens of bovine root dentin were prepared (4.00 mm × 4.00 mm × 3.00 mm in thickness). For erosion, the specimens were immersed in an energy drink (pH 3.24 at 10°C) in 1-minute cycles three times a day for 5 days. After the cycles, the specimens were divided into four groups (n = 10): NT, no treatment; FV, 5% fluoride varnish; L, laser Er,Cr:YSGG; and FV+L, 5% fluoride varnish followed by application of the Er,Cr:YSGG laser. The surface roughness and the wear profile of the dentin were analyzed by confocal laser scanning microscopy. Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) and Tukey post-hoc tests were performed for the surface roughness analysis. For volume loss, the Kruskal-Wallis test was used (α=0.05). Results: There was no statistically significant difference between the groups in the control region (p>0.05) for surface roughness. In the experimental area, the NT (4.109 ± 0.184) and FV (3.850 ± 0.231) groups exhibited the highest surface roughness, with no significant difference between them. However, they showed a statistically significant difference from the L (2.058 ± 0.160) and FV+L (1.907 ± 0.179) groups (p<0.05), which also did not reveal any differences between themselves. The mean volume loss in all groups was approximately 20%, which remained after the treatments. Therefore, no statistical differences were found (p>0.05). Conclusion: The consumption of energy drinks can lead to dental erosion, resulting in volume loss and increased roughness. None of the treatments could reverse the loss of volume. The irradiated groups achieved the best results in terms of surface roughness
Evaluation of the Risk of Percutaneous Injuries in Students of a Brazilian University - A Preliminary Report
No full textObjective: To evaluate the risk of percutaneous injuries (PCIs) that novice predoctoral operators undergo due to non-compliance with biosafety standards in the Endodontics clinic. Material and Methods: This is a prospective longitudinal observational study, developed for two years, which included 120 dental students from the Endodontic Clinic of Dentistry course. The following circumstances were analyzed: burs left in the handpiece after use; bare needles lying on the instrument tray or being recapped with two hands; cannulas left in the suction; Gates-Glidden drills left in the micromotor; and biosafety violations involving endodontic files. Descriptive and inferential statistical analysis was performed using Chi-square test (α=5%). Results: The sample consisted of 75% women (90). Ninety-nine students (82.50%) were involved in situations that could cause percutaneous injuries. Despite the risk, no accidents occurred during the study period. In total, 364 situations involving risk of percutaneous injuries were observed. In this study, 209 (57.4%) cases of burs left in the handpiece after use were observed, 60 (16.5%) cases of aspiration cannulas left in the suction, 52 (14.3%) cases of bare needles on the instrument tray or being recapped with two hands, 26 (7.1%) cases of Gates-Glidden drills left in the micromotor socket and 17 (4.7%) cases of biosafety violations involving endodontic files. A significant difference (p<0.05) was observed between the 5 types of risk situations. Conclusion: There was a high percentage of the risk of percutaneous injuries in novice predoctoral operators. Burs left in the handpiece after use were the most encountered risk situation, and most novice predoctoral operators in the Endodontic Clinic disrespected biosafety standards