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Repetitive Strain Injuries and its Incidence in Practicing Dentists
No full textBackground The objective of this study was to investigate factors associated with repetitive strain injuries in practicing dentists and the means that can reduce the incidence of it. Methods A representative sample of practicing dentists (aged 21 through 69 years) from Tamilnadu and Andhra Pradesh states of India was randomly selected. The authors collected the data through a self-administered questionnaire that asked for information about the number of hours they practice a day, their postures during treatment procedures, and whether they had any other means to prevent developing Repetitive strain injury. The Authors did a descriptive analysis of the study. Results A final sample of 500 dentists participated in this Study. The results showed 86.4% of the surveyed dentist had RSI. The incidence of RSI was 80% among men and 85% among women. Occurrence of RSI had a direct co-relation to the number of years of practice, the number of hours they practice a day, and number of patients they treat in a day. It had an indirect correlation to the number of hours of their sleep and their regular exercises. One of the most startling findings was that, 85% of dentists who have been practicing for less than 5 years had RSI. Conclusion Improper postures, repetitive movements without intermediate stretches, and failure to adopt the proper ergonomics for work are the frequent cause for repetitive strain injuries. Repetitive strain injury was an influencing factor in work fatigue among dentists and reduction in providing quality treatment to patients. Clinical Implications Dental Practitioners mostly retire from practice due to Repetitive Strain Injury rather than any other reason hence arises the need to educate them about the causes of repetitive strain injury and how ergonomics can effectively be used to reduce it
Correlation of Third Order Angle and Incisor Inclination - A Cephalometric and Dental Cast Study
No full textA method of recording incisor inclination is described using thetooth inclination protractor (TIP). This instrument was used torecord incisor crown inclination on dental casts. The scores wererelated to traditionally determined inclinations for the upper incisor to occlusal plane obtained from cephalometric radiographic analysis.The following angles were measured on the radiographs: maxillary incisor to occlusal plane and sella-nasion plane. Measurements were also made with the TIP: maxillary incisor to occlusal plane.There were statistically significant systematic differences betweenthe TIP and the radiographic assessments. The following differences were found. The TIP underscored the lateral cephalometrically determined maxillary incisor inclination by 10.32°. The TIP was shown to be a simple, inexpensive, reliable, and valid method of assessing incisor inclination.Keywords: incisor inclination, cephalometrics, tooth inclinationprotracto
Streptococcus Mutans Group And Lactobacillus Counts In Proximal Amalgam And Resin Composite Restorations: An In Vivo Study
No full text Aim & Objectives: This study assesses the quantity of streptococcus mutans group and lactobacillus in interproximal contact of posterior teeth with proximal amalgam and resin composite restorations. Methods: Twenty patients were divided into two groups (n=10) according to the type of restorative material they presented: amalgam (AM) or resin composite (RC). In the same patient, one interproximal Class II amalgam or resin composite restoration and one interproximal contact without restorations (control group – C) were studied. The material was collected from the interproximal with the aid of a piece of sterilized dental thread, and stored in phosphate buffered saline solution. The material was seeded on plates containing Mitis Salivarius Bacitracin Sucrose agar and Rogosa agar culture medium and incubated at 37°C for 48-72h. The colony forming units (Log10 CFU/mL) were counted and the data were submitted to the Student’s-t test (5%). Results: There was significant difference between Groups C and AM (p=0.019) with regard to lactobacillus count. For streptococcus mutans group, there was significant difference between Groups C and RC (p=0.015). Conclusion: There is significantly greater growth of streptococcus mutans group in RC Class II restorations and lactobacillus in AM restorations when compared with interproximal contact without the presence of restorations
Vascular malformation of buccal mucosa : A case report
No full textVascular lesions are among the most common congenital and neonatal abnormalities. Most of the congenital vascular malformations were often misdiagnosed and left untreated. These lesions are the result of an embryonic abnormality of the vascular system. This is a case report of 8 year male patient who reported in the department of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry, Nair Hospital Dental College, Mumbai with a chief complaint of swelling on the right side of face since birth. It was diagnosed as vascular malformations of buccal mucosa of right side. It is emphasized that the management of these cases requires a multidisciplinary approach. Laser therapy, embolization followed by surgical excision is the favourable treatment modalities.Keywords: Congenital, Vascular Malformations, Laser therap
MTA - The Barrier for Endodontic Success!
Get PDFThe elimination of microbiological colonization in any parts of human body is a crucial principle of treating infection and root canal system is no exception. The major challenges associated with endodontic treatment of teeth with open apices are achieving complete debridement, canal disinfection and optimal sealing of the root canal system.In the absence of a natural apical constriction, the production of mineralized tissue in the apical region is important to create an apical barrier and allow 3-dimensional adaptation of obturating material within the root canal system.A clinical case of central incisor have been treated with the use of an apical plug of MTA for apexification that had suffered premature interruption of root development as a consequence of trauma.The remaining portion of the root canals was then closed with thermoplasticized gutta-percha. At 6-month follow-up period the clinical and radiographic appearance of the tooth showed resolution of the periapical lesions
Prevalence of Torus palatinus among Saudi population in Abha
Get PDFAim: To assess the prevalence of torus palatinus (TP) in relation to age, gender and site among Saudi people in Abha.Materials and Methods: A total of 326 subjects, including 150 male and167 female, were included in the study. A self-administered quisstionaire followed by clinical examination was performed. The data was collected and analyzed in excel spread sheet. Results were displayed in tables and bar charts.Results: The total number of patients with torus palatinus were 3 (0.92%) among the total 326 patients screened. The prevalence of torus palatinus was more frequent in women than in men. Age group 19-45 years had the maximum prevalence of torus palatinus and all the patients presented with flat shaped tori.  
Influence of pre-cure temperature on Vickers microhardness of resin composite
No full textObjectives: The aim was to assess the effects of the pre-heating or pre-cooling resin composite on surface hardness. Methods: Sixty test specimens (TS) were made of resin composite Z250, using a steel matrix 3mm x 5mm, light cured with an XL3000 light cure appliance. The TS were divided into 6 groups of 10 specimens, altering the light cure time (CT), 20 or 40s, and the resin composite temperature (TEMP), 5oC, 24oC or 54oC. The TS were stored in distilled water at 37oC for 24 hours and the Vickers microhardness analysis was performed. Both the TS top and bottom were analyzed. Results: The results of two-way ANOVA showed that the temperature had a significant effect on microhardness. At the top, higher microhardness values were observed for the temperature of 54oC, while the temperature of 5oC and 24oC presented no significant differences. Conclusion: It was concluded that pre-heating resin composite significantly increased the resin microhardness, the light cure time of 40 s improved top microhardness for the use of resin at 24 oC or 5 oC. Key-words: composite resins, temperature, microhardnes
In Vitro Comparative Analysis Of Fracture Resistance Using Different Adhesive Materials & Preparations On Reattached Tooth Fragments.
No full textAim: The aim of this study was to investigate the influence of different adhesive materials & different preparations on fracture resistance of reattached tooth fragments. Material and Methods: 170 sound extracted human permanent incisors were selected.10 teeth were maintained as a control group and remaining 160 teeth were divided equally and randomly into four groups(n=40) based upon the materials used for reattachment. Each group were further divided into four sub-groups(n=10) on basis of different preparations. The specimens were fractured & reattached by different adhesives after doing different preparations, and then the specimens were thermocycled in between +5oC and +55oC for 150 cycles. All specimens were subjected to test in a universal testing Machine (Instron) at the cross-head speed of 0.5mm/min. The fracture resistance was calculated in Mega-Pascals by dividing force (Newton) with the surface area (sqmm2) of the fractured surface. Different preparations were compared using independent samples ‘t’ test for two groups. For more than two groups, One-Way Anova and Bonferroni post hoc test was applied. Results: When different preparations were compared by using same material, statistically significant difference was found between all preparations except between chamfer & stair step-chamfer(p > 0.05).On the other hand, when preparation was kept same and different materials were compared, a significant difference was found between all materials with bevel & reverse bevel preparations. In chamfer & stair-step chamfer preparations, statistically significant difference was found between all materials except between compomer & composite and dual-cure resin cement &resin modified G.I.C(p > 0.05). Conclusions: Compomer showed maximum resistance to fracture when chamfer preparation was used but neither the different preparations nor the different materials were able to attain the fracture resistance obtained from intact teeth. The best fracture resistance was about 50 % of intact teeth. 
Adhesion of Cariogenic Streptococci to Orthodontic Metal and Ceramic Bracket: A Quantitative In-vitro Study
No full textThe aim of this study is to quantitatively evaluate adhesion of cariogenic streptococci to orthodontic metal and ceramic brackets, with respect to incubation time,the saliva coating and strain of cariogenic strepococci like streptococci mutans and streptococci sobrinus. Method of the study: 30 metal and ceramic brackets are bonded onto the extracted premolars. Two strains of microorganisms, streptococcus mutans and streptococcus sobrinus are used. Saliva is collected by spitting method into a chilled centrifuged tube in the ice box and centrifuged at 3500xg for 5 minutes. The resultant supernatants are immediately used for pellicle formation and bacterial adhesion assay. The specimens are divided into two groups. An experimental group and a control group. In experimental group the specimens are incubated in 2.0ml of unstimulated whole saliva with agitation for 2hrs at 37ºc. after this procedure the microorganisms are added to the specimen and agitated for 3,6, and 9hrs at 37ºc. the bacterial colonies are counted at each interval using a Petroff-Hauser cell counter. For the control group same procedure is performed with sterile phosphate buffered saline (PH 7.2). Results: The results of the statistical test three- way factorial ANOVA on the adhesion of the cariogenic streptococci with respect to the type of strain, and type of bracket material indicates that streptococcus mutans showed highest amount of adhesion compared to streptococcus sobrinus and also bacterial adhesion to metal brackets is more compared to ceramic brackets due to high surface energy of metal brackets. Conclusion: Each strain of cariogenic streptococci has a charesteristic adhesion pattern to different bracket materials. Material with a high surface energy will attract more bacteria to its surface than a material with low surface energy. Metal brackets increase the level of bacterial adhesion because of their high surface energy compared to ceramic brackets.  
Homeopathy in Dentistry -An Overview
No full textAbstract Title of the article: Homeopathy in Dentistry- an Overview Minimum intervention is the catchphrase of the moment as is applying a natural approach to dental practice. Homoeopathy cannot replace the mechanical arts of dentistry and there is not a homeopathic remedy that will selectively numb a tooth. However homoeopathy is a useful adjunct to conventional dentistry. It may be used effectively in the place of drugs prescribed which sometimes have unpleasant side effects. The basic law of homeopathy is "The Law of Similars” which states that a substance can cure a disease if it produces in a healthy person symptoms similar to and much milder than those of the disease. Key-words:Constitutional Homeopathy, Homeopathy, Law of Similars, Potentization, Proving, Pathological homeopathy,