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Endodontic Pathogens - Revisited
No full textMost of the diseases of the dental pulp and periradicular tissues are caused by microorganisms. From past to present different studies have been carried out to establish the role of microorganisms in endodontic pathology. Successful endodontic treatment depends on complete elimination or reduction in the number of these organisms. Currently the focus of research is to find out and identify specific genera and species of the pathogens involved. Culture based methods have been used for a long time to isolate and identify the specific group of bacterias associated with the disease process. However, the endodontic microflora has remained restricted for a long time, because of the limitations of culture methods and fastidious nature of some of the organisms. With the introduction of Polymerase Chain Reaction based methods in endodontic microbiology, the endodontic microbiota has expanded and new endodontic pathogens are continuously added to the list. Results of studies have clearly defined the microbial difference between primary, persistent and secondary endodontic infections. The purpose of this review paper is to revisit the microflora associated with primary and secondary endodontic infections. More over several of the bacterial species recently identified and added in the microflora have been reviewed. Organisms other than bacteria such as archaea and fungi have also been listed
Clinical Use of magnets in Prosthodontics - A Review
Get PDFMany of the attachments and retentive devices used to improve the mechanical stability of prosthesis require specialized equipment and accessories, with sophisticated chairside and laboratory techniques. The attachments are subject to wear and may require adjustment or replacement in service. A method of prosthesis retention which overcomes some of these difficulties uses small, but very strong, permanent magnets. These magnets are applied in various ways by several investigators for the well-being of the patients
Solitary Bone Plasmacytoma of the maxilla- A rare case report
Get PDFAbstract:Aims and Objectives: Plasmacytoma is a discrete, uni-focal, monoclonal neoplastic proliferation of plasma cells. It can be either solitary or multiple and skeletal or extraskeletal. Solitary bone plasmacytoma accounts for 3% of all plasma cell neoplasms with 50% of cases transforming into multiple myeloma. Since plasmacytoma is a rare lesion in the oral cavity, this case presentation is an attempt to focus on the clinical, histopathological aspects of this lesion and the spectrum of plasma cell neoplasms.Case description: We report a case of solitary bone plasmacytoma in a young patient, presenting as a painless ulcero-proliferative growth in the maxillary region. OPG showed radiolucency with respect to non-healing extracted tooth socket (16) with slight bony erosion. Microscopy revealed mature and immature plasma cells with eccentrically placed nucleus, suggestive of solitary plasmacytoma.Conclusion: The purpose of this article is to report a rare case of solitary bone plasmacytoma with emphasis on diagnostic workup. 
Multiple Non-Syndromic Hyperdontia- Report of an Unusual Case
Get PDFThe aims and objectives are to report a case of multiple supernumerary premolars and molars, an unusual anomaly in a non-syndromic patient. This article reports a case of 28 years old patient with non-syndromic supernumerary premolars and molars. The patient had 6 supernumerary premolars, 2 distomolars, and maximum number of supernumerary premolars in the maxilla making this case very unusual. The detection of multiple supernumerary teeth is usually a coincidental finding, often detected on Radiographs. This case report lays stress upon the role of early detection, radiographic examination and frequent evaluation to detect any complications which may be associated with supernumerary teeth
Comparison of salivary IgA levels in caries free and caries active children
Get PDFPurpose: The aim of the study was to compare the salivary IgA levels and dental caries status in caries active and caries free children.Methods: Thirty children in the age group of 8-10 years were selected and divided into two groups, Group I caries free (dfs=0) and Group II caries active (dfs>10). Whole salivary IgA level was estimated using radial immunodiffusion method.Results: Whole salivary IgA levels were significantly higher in caries free children as compared to caries active children.Conclusions: Naturally occurring salivary IgA antibodies can play an important role in immunological control of dental caries.Key Words: Salivary IgA, dental caries, mutans streptococc
Advances in Gingival Retraction
Get PDFIntroduction of new materials and improved technologies has created new opportunities to attain these goals of prevention and aesthetics in dental practice. For a precision fit and long-term success with fixed prosthetic dental restorations, the quality of impressions taken is a key element of decisive importance. Taking an accurate impression requires appropriate tooth preparation and soft-tissue management followed by proper selection of impression material, system, tray and the impression technique. The purpose of this review is to demonstrate the high qualities of a new, preventive and improved, temporary retraction materials and techniques
Enhancing Esthetic Outcome through Interdisciplinary Approach: A Case Report
Get PDFLoss of interdental papilla and gingival recession are one of the major concerns for esthetic zone. To restore sustainable periodontal health and the normal, esthetic appearance of a healthy 17 year old girl with generalized chronic periodontitis, a combined esthetic surgery and orthodontic technique were used. This interdisciplinary approach resulted in stable periodontium and an esthetically pleasing appearance of anterior region.  
Role of Prosthodontics in Forensic Odontology
Get PDFForensic odontology plays an important and often decisive role in the identification of disaster victims. Dental description of unknown or missing persons in cases of mass disasters is a very successful means of identification in forensic research. Difficulties arise if the natural dentition has been lost for one reason or another and has been replaced by dental prosthesis. From the prosthodontist view this difficulty can be prevented by delivering a prosthesis that carries patient identification. Forensic identification based on assessment of prosthodontics appliances is assuming greater significance, as labeling of dentures and other prosthetic appliances could provide vital clues for patient identification. 
Comparison of Titanium bone plates and screws vs. stainless steel bone plates and screws in the management of mandibular fractures – A long term clinical study
Get PDFIntroduction: In the past inter-maxillary fixation has been the traditional method for supporting bone ends in close apposition to allow undisturbed bone healing of the fractures of mandible. The most recent as well as versatile method of management of mandibular fractures is the miniplate fixation, which uses the principle of monocortical osteosynthesis. Several metals have been tried since 1920’s. Although gold, silver, copper and its alloys, lead and aluminium and its alloys were used and tested, stainless steel emerged through the era as the new corrosion resistant material. At about the same time or later on other metals or alloys like titanium were introduced with claims of lots of advantages over the classic stainless steel. These observations prompt a study to compare titanium bone plates and screws with stainless steel bone plates and screws used in the treatment of fractures of mandible. Objectives: The objectives of the present study was to study the versatile nature and the biocompatibility of the titanium material and to determine the usefulness of titanium mini plates over the stainless steel plates in the management of fractures of mandible. Materials and methods: The present study comprised of thirty four subjects with fractures of mandible at various anatomical sites. All patients included in this study were found to be of good health without any evidence of clinical infections. The procedure was done under general anesthesia. The fractures were exposed through appropriate incisions. Sixteen of the patients were treated with titanium bone plating system and eighteen with stainless steel plating system. The plates and screws used were of standard design, size and calibration. The patients were recalled for follow-up at 3 weeks, 3 months and 6 months and the data was recorded. Results: In a total of 34 patients the T-test revealed a significant difference in the average time taken for adaptation and plating of the 2 system of plates. The average time taken for stainless steel plate was 6.82min and for that of titanium was 3.64 min. The test for comparison of infection rate showed that 20% of the patient treated with stainless steel plates and screws had local infection while the success rate for titanium plates was 100%. 20% of cases treated with titanium system encountered the complication of shearing and fracture of the titanium screw head while fitting the screw. Wound dehiscence in case of stainless steel bone plates was noted in one out of ten patients (10%) while in the group treated with titanium plates it was 0%. Conclusion: In this study of short duration, titanium plates were found to be very ideal in the management of mandibular fractures. Titanium plates were more biocompatible when compared to stainless steel plates as evidenced by the rate of infection. In all cases the plates were found to be rigid, stable and satisfactory for use in the facial skeleton. Titanium plates being more malleable were easily adapted to the varying contours of the mandible which clinically translated into reduced time required for plating
Periodontal findings in a patient with Dimorphic anaemia
Get PDFDimorphic anaemia can present itself with deficiency of more than one nutrients. The blood picture shows the presence of morphologically different red blood cells. The cause of dimorphic anaemia has to be established in order to systematically manage the patient. Combined deficiency of iron and folic acid more commonly lead to dimorphic anaemia with clinical features of both forms of anaemia. The aim of this paper is to report a rare finding of periodontal involvement in a patient with dimorphic anaemia