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Orthodontic mini-implants: A systematic review.
Get PDF AbstractPurposeTo compile and analyze the literature regarding orthodontic mini-implants (MIs) placement, clinical applications, success rate, adverse effects and patients’ pain experience in clinical practice.MethodologyPublications about orthodontic MIs variables were systematically searched from PubMed, Science Direct, and Google Scholar Beta electronic data bases using “orthodontic in conjunction with implant, microimplant, screw, miniscrew, screw implant, mini-implant, and temporary anchorage” as keywords. Data from selected articles were extracted and compiled to produce a summarized report. ResultsSeveral areas are suitable for MI placement. However; the region between second premolar and first molar is the safest. The MI success rate ranges from 77.7% to 93.43%. The pain associated with MIs is far less than tooth extraction and significantly lower than patients’ expectation. Root resorption is among the adverse effects and gonial angle pattern influences the MI success rate. ConclusionMIs offer a wide range of clinical anchorage application due to their minimal anatomical location limitation. The success rate of MI is reliably high. The pain caused by orthodontics MI is significantly lower than patients’ expectation.  
Advanced Glycation End Products, the Hidden Bridge between Diabetes and Periodontitis - A Review
Get PDFAn association between oral infections and systemic diseases especially diabetes mellitus has been suspected for centuries. It has been assumed that is due to the fact that diabetic patients have a compromised ability to respond to infectious challenges which predisposes the patient to bacterial infections such as periodontal disease.Over the past decade, a growing body of scientific evidence suggests an exquisite association between oral infection (eg, viruses, bacteria, yeast) and systemic diseases. However, the possibility that periodontal disease either predisposes or exacerbates the diabetic condition has received only little attention. This review highlights the two-way relationship between diabetes mellitus and periodontal disease
The Management of Patient with Oligodontia Associated With Attention Deficit Hyperactive Disorder – A Rare Case Report
Get PDFOligodontia is characterized by missing six or more teeth in primary and permanent dentition exclusive of the third molars. Hereditary is the main etiologic factor and the principal clinical features are reduction in number of teeth, changes in the morphology of teeth, their eruption time and improper development of alveolar ridges. Prevalence of Oligodontia is 0.35% in Indian population. Treatment of Oligodontia is through a multidisciplinary approach. Attention Deficit Hyperactive Disorder (ADHD) is the most commonly diag-nosed behavioural disorder of childhood. It is a problem with inattentiveness, over-activity, impulsivity, or a combination. It affects about 3-5% of school aged children. ADHD may run in families, but the etiology is unknown. Depression, lack of sleep, learning disability and behavioural problems may appear with ADHD.The aim of this study was to describe a clinical case of 7 year old child with multiple congenital missing teeth associated with ADHD syndrome.  
Application of Lasers in Prosthodontics
Get PDFIn clinical dentistry lasers were introduced with the hope of overcoming some of the drawbacks posed by the conventional methods of dental procedures. Since its first experiment for dental application in the 1960s, the use of laser has increased rapidly in the last couple of decades. The specialty of Prosthodontics takes all concepts of dentistry and integrates effective comprehensive treatment planning. The practice will necessarily include a wide variety of patients seeking a diverse range of care. These include individuals who are highly fearful of dentistry and have long-term neglected care and those who have complex medical histories and require more specialized, advanced procedures. Some also have phobias and/or allergies to anesthetics. Lasers have become an integral part of treatment for these patients. The aim of this review is to describe the current and emerging applications for lasers in prosthetic dentistry. Used in conjunction with or as a replacement for traditional methods, it is observed that specific laser technologies are becoming an essential component of contemporary dental practice over a decade
Does Root Canal Overfilling Cause Development Of Radicular Cyst? Report of Two Cases
Get PDFOverfilling of root canal is an endodontic complication, characterized by extrussion of filling materials into the periapical tissues, which might be a causative agent of important pathological changes. This report presents two cases of overfilled left upper and lower molar teeth associated with potential development of large radicular cysts. In the first case a cyst of mandible, causing sensory disturbances, was diagnosed five years after endodontic treatment, while the second case describes a cyst in maxillary antrum, diagnosed two years after an endodontic therapy was performed.In the present cases, the patients underwent a cysts enucleation with extraction of endodontically treated teeth. This report also discuss about influence of overfilling as a potential etiological factor on radicular cyst development
Relationship between Periodontal Disease and Respiratory Diseases
Get PDFThe anatomical continuity between the lungs and the oral cavity makes the latter a potential reservoir of respiratory pathogens. The micro-organisms may enter the lung by inhalation, but the most common route of infection is aspiration of what pneumologists have long referred to as oropharyngeal secretions. Therefore, it is possible that oral micro-organisms might infect the respiratory tract. Dental plaque can act as a reservoir for respiratory infections. Microorganisms can be released from the dental plaque into salivary secretions, which are then aspirated into lower respiratory tract to cause respiratory diseases like pneumonia and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Periodontal diseases and respiratory diseases including bronchial asthma have an inflammatory nature thus mandates a positive correlation between these. This review focuses on the relationship between periodontal diseases and respiratory diseases
Relationship between life event stress and periodontitis and its response to treatment
No full text Aims and objectives - The objective of this study was to assess the effect of life event stress on various clinical periodontal parameters like gingival index (GI), Oral hygiene index (OHI) and Clinical attachment level (CAL). Methods – 40 subjects between the age group of 25-60 years participated in the study. All the subjects filled a stress questionnaire. Based on this questionnaire, the individuals were divided into- Group A (stressed group) and Group B (non-stressed group). All the clinical periodontal parameters were examined and recorded as baseline. The subjects underwent supragingival scaling followed by subgingival scaling and root planing and the clinical parameters were re-evaluated at 1, 3 and 6 months. Pearsson correlation, Spearman rank correlation, independent t tests and group comparisons were used as statistical methods.Results - There was no statistical significance between stress and the mean scores of GI, OHI, CAL at baseline. The mean scores of GI, OHI and CAL were evaluated and compared at baseline and at 1, 3 and 6 months after non surgical periodontal therapy. There is no statistical difference in the mean scores of GI, OHI and CAL level for Group A and Group B.Conclusion - Thus stress is only a weak predictors for assessing the clinical periodontal parameters. 
Benign Tumours Of Salivary Gland-A Review
No full text Tumours of salivary gland are a heterogeneous group of lesions arising from major or minor salivary glands. They were classified as benign and malignant. There was a female preponderance [1.16:1.0] for the benign tumors and a male preponderance [1.32:1.0] for the malignant tumors. Pleomorphic adenoma (69%) was the most common tumor and 20% were located in minor glands. Malignant tumors were predominantly mucoepidermoid carcinoma (30%) and adenoid cystic carcinoma (30%). Treatment starts with an appropriate diagnosis including histopathological evaluation, immunohistochemistry and imaging techniques. Benign tumors require careful excision as they are encapsulated and residual tissue after surgery can increase the risk of tumor recurrence. Minor salivary gland lesions have a good prognosis and can be treated safely by conservative local excision. 
Bilateral double teeth in primary dentition: A case report
No full textOdontogenic anomalies can occur as a result of conjoining or twinning defects. These include fusion, gemination and concrescence. Synodontia or fusion is the union of two independently developing primary or secondary teeth. The fused crown is broader than non fused adjacent teeth and thus resembles gemination. However, tooth counting reveals decreased numbers. An unusual case of bilateral fusion in primary mandibular incisor region in a four year old boy is reported. Conclude that double teeth in primary dentition have to be carefully analysed as it may be associated with anomalies in the permanent dentition. Correct diagnosis of the condition implicates in a better prognosis for the patient
Stem Cells in Regenerative Endodontics : A Review
No full textRegenerative Endodontics is expected to become the next big treatment revolution. It is the creation and delivery of tissues to replace a diseased, missing and traumatized pulp dentin complex, in addition to tooth supporting tissues. It employs dental stem cells for this which is especially important because they are a type of mesenchymal stem cells that produce more neurotrophic factors than other cell types. These cells have demonstrated the ability to protect and repair neural tissue in diseases like spinal cord injury and stroke and hence can also be used for development of treatment solutions for such diseases. Dental stem cells are also easy to procure and preserve for use in future therapies. This article takes you through the source, methods of delivery and outcome of using these stem cells in regenerative endodontics. It also highlights the scope of the treatment in the present day and age