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Role Definition and Negotiation --Uncovering Secondary English Teachers' Experience in Japan
No full textOver the course of a six-month period, five English teachers at the junior and senior secondary level were interviewed and had their classes observed as part of this ethnographic study. Attempting to uncover the diverse teaching contexts and cultures among participants, teachers' personal histories appear to have a strong influence on how they conceptualize their multiple roles as teachers. Teachers' work lives appear to be strongly affected by a multitude of systemic and local factors that influence how they are able to conduct themselves as educators. Emerging from this study is a place of seeming contradiction and paradox where teachers must negotiate their roles between their educational ideals and educational realities. This ongoing negotiation appears to have allowed teachers to make changes in how they define and carry out their jobs. Participant teachers hope that educational reform may more closely align their educational reality with their educational ideals.10KJ00006952759研究論文Research Paperjournal articl
A Survey on Water for Living in Vietnam
No full text適切な水供給と健康や衛生の改善は21世紀の重要な課題である。筆者らは、水環境の現状と保全について検討することを目的として、各地の生活用水調査をおこなっており、中央アジアのキルギス、ウズベキスタン、中国の西安からウルムチおよびタリム盆地周辺のアジアの乾燥地域の水事情はすでに報告した。ベトナムの国土は南北に細長く広がり、地域によって気候が異なるが、全体としてはモンスーン気候帯に属する。水資源は豊富とはいえず、常に水不足の問題を抱えており、農業に大量の水を必要とするため、それ以外の用途間には厳しい競争がある。また、給水と排水に関わる衛生施設へアクセスできる人口の割合は低い。本報では、ベトナムのハノイからホーチミンまでの飲料水事情について報告する。調査した都市には上水道があり、住民は、調理には水道水をそのまま使っていたが、飲用するためには蒸留水を購入していた。また、洪水による断水もしばしばある。一部のホテルやレストランを除き、細菌学的には問題はなかったが、ダナン、ホイアンの水道水は総硬度が200mg/lを超えていた。ミトーのメコン河沿いにあるレストランの水道水の総硬度は600mg/l以上の高い値を示した。同時にNa^+、Cl^-も多く含有していた。ほとんどの試料中に有機物が残留しており、ホイアンではNO_3^-が多量に検出されたことから、高度浄水処理はなされていないようである。将来的な危険性を考えると、塩素処理の徹底とともにオゾン処理や生物活性炭処理などの早急な導入が望まれる。また、生活排水を処理しないで河や海に流している地域もあり、近年の急速な観光化やリゾート開発を考えると、排水処理施設の設置や処理能力の向上も重要な課題である。12KJ00006952819資料Research Datajournal articl
Exploring students' previous language learning experiences and their attitudes and motivations concerning English
No full text3KJ00000227413journal articl
Apocalyptism in the Evangelion : the cultural difference between the West and the East in their Apocalyptism
Get PDFThis article is an analysis of the popular carton, 'Neon Genesis Evangelion', focussing on Apocalyptism and its dissolution. Certainly, this cartoon contains those motives which have been typical of apocalyptic stories. It is also certain that these descriptions of the 'end' of history Insinuate the contemporary setback of the idea of the ever progressing World. In this carton, however, it is Apocalyptism as such which comes to the end. Experiential reality will not foreshadow, as the destination of its inherent d evelopment, any apocalyptic Utopia. This is the very reason that Apocalyptism was required in the West in order to radically terminate the repetiton of sinful human behaviours. Such Apocalyptism, however, is difficult in taking deep root in Japan, where human life has been imbued with Oriental pantheism and the concept of erernally returning time. In this respect, 'Neon Genesis Evangelion' calls our serious attention, as it clearly shows the cultural difference between the West and the East in their apocalyptic imagination.5KJ00005175568journal articl
A Study of the Factors of a "Breakdown of Classroom Discipline" and the Proposals of its Improvement
Get PDF近年授業崩壊・学級崩壊が発生し,不登校園児児童生徒が急増しています。2001年度の不登校児童生徒は,過去最高で13万9000人となった。実効があがっていないのである。(文部科学省の学校基本調査)子供は,学校は来たい所だけれど怖いし不安があり緊張するという。周囲から子供に愛情が十分に注がれていないことや社会の中の重要な子供もと言う責任ある指導と訓練,子供の人間になる体験が足りないためで,孤立しており社会的な存在としての精神的な力が衰退しているからだ。世界が多情報の中で個性化,選択性を求めており,大人は国際性,社会性,貢献性が求められているのにもかかわらず,教育と子育てが不適切なままである。世界における児童の国語の読みと計算,理科についての学力比較調査の結果が公表された。日本では,子供の学力が低下したと言われている。超不適切教育環境が,不登校児童生徒を増やしている。きめのこまやかな配慮が,特に都市部とその周辺で希薄になっている。子供のモデルとなる大人が第一に希薄なのです。社会の鏡であり,コピー人間が子供なのです。対症療法的な後手後手の手当ては,目に見える成果を出せないでいる。There have recently been many cases of a breakdown of classroom discipline in Japan and therefore the number of children and students who refuse to go to school is on the increase. In 2001, the number of those children and students has reached 130,000, which is the largest number ever. This figure shows that any effective measures haven't been taken to the solution. A worldwide comparative survey on the children ability of reading and writing, calculation and science shows that the scholastic ability of Japanese children is said to be declining. Children are an example of a society. We tend to be too late in dealing with those problems, which often ends with no results. Proposal 1 ; Twenty students per Class is a desirable size and a class of under twenty students can be called a small class and this is far better. We must immediately abolish overcrowded classes. We must get rid of a breakdown of order in classes and of human relationship with others. Proposal 2 ; The prime minister, the minister of Education, Culture, Science and Technology, governors and head of each local government are all responsible for those problems. They are to blame for a breakdown of classroom discipline. Proposal 3 ; There is no service which meet the needs of children and their parents, and thus good education cannot be revived. I want those who are in charge I mentioned in Proposal 2 to go through the agony at least for one week that the teachers are suffering every day an their classroom. Proposal 4 ; A class of forty students is a 'tragic class' in which every students lose hope. A class of twenty students enable almost all the students in class to achieve their learning. Only 3 - 6% of schools in Japan adopts appropriate educational systems and the rest doesn't. 94% of schools in Japan does not provide the students with appropriate education, which is a real tragic situation. A class of twenty students is the only way to save schools in Japan and our country as well.6KJ00005175569journal articl
