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Utilizing Radio Commercials to English Speech Education
Get PDFThis paper examines English speech education based on comparisons of the writing techniques in English persuasive speeches and Japanese radio commercials. Reviewing the technical characteristics of radio commercial copywriting from a viewpoint of visualization technique, the similarities between radio commercials and persuasive speeches are explored. It also introduces a classroom practice which uses "radio shopping" in English speech education to help students learn the importance of the visualization technique in their own English speeches. Several "revised" sentences by the students, which contain new visualization ideas, derived from the previous study of radio commercials, are shown along with the original sentences found in their English speeches. This demonstrates how visualization techniques in radio commercials enable students to enhance their awareness and ability to express their ideas so that the audience may easily visualize and comprehend the key points in the speeches.10KJ00005073331研究論文Research Paperjournal articl
The Birth of Japanese National Literature in 1890 : A Study of "National Literature" in Japan as a "Nation State" (4)
Get PDFIt was in 1890 that the first book about the history of Japanese literature was published. The history of Japanese Literature was written by MIKAMI Sanji and KOUZU Kuwasaburo, who had studied in the Japanese Study Course at the Imperial University. This paper aims to clarify the process of making this book. In the first chapter, therefore, I mention the foundation of the Imperial University, and in the second chapter, I interpret the characteristics of the book.7KJ00004723232研究論文Research Paperjournal articl
Practical Freedom : "One from" or "One of" the Natural Causes?
Get PDFThe first section of the chapter "The canon of pure reason" in Kant's Critique of Pure Reason is entitled : "On the ultimate end of the pure use of our reason". In the last paragraph of this section Kant wrote : "Wir erkennen also die praktische Freiheit durch Erfahrung, als eine von den Naturursachen, namlich eine Kausalitat der Vernunft in Bestimmung des Willens". Paul Guyer and Allen W. Wood translate the passage into English as follows : "We thus cognize practical freedom through experience, as one of the natural causes, namely a causality of reason in the determination of the will". However, since Kant used an unhappy expression "eine von den Naturursachen", it is inevitable that a controversy arises about its interpretation. Namely the phrase can also be translated as "(the) one from the natural causes". Whether one cognizes practical freedom as "one of the natural causes" or as "the one from the natural causes" -that makes all the difference. In this paper I study that phrase in respect of the probability of its interpretation. First, I make some grammatical examinations. Then I probe Kant's argument in that section in order to understand the exact meaning of the phrase in its context. Although I find that each interpretation grammatically has both good points and bad points, I conclude from the contextual analysis that we should choose the interpretation "the one from the natural causes" as being justifiable. Then I argue that this interpretation raises no questions in regard to the understanding of Kant's concept of freedom, because "practical freedom as the one from the natural causes" falls in line with the development of Kant's philosophical thinking, if we only approve the provisional character of practical freedom. In contrast to this, if we should choose the interpretation "practical freedom as one of the natural causes", some serious problems would arise in regard to the understanding of Kant's concept of freedom. At the end of my argument, I also mention those problems which seem to me not to be resolved. Thus I make in conclusion a suggestion that researchers, who ground their argument about Kant's philosophical thinking, especially his concept of freedom, on that interpretation, should find it worth reviewing.15KJ00004723240Research Paperjournal articl
Singapore's Ethnic Politics and Representations of the "Malays"
Get PDFThis paper examines Singapore's ethnic politics through an analysis of the representations of people in the Malay "racial" group. Ethnic politics plays a significant role in a process of multiethnic Singapore's nation building and economic development. The state classifies its citizens into four "racial" categories ; Chinese, Indians, Malays, and other and defines culture and mother tongue of each of the three main categories. Cultural and language differences within each category are ignored. Each "racial" category is imposed specific representations based on culture seen as shared by the entire group. These representations construct an ethnic hierarchy in which "racial" groups are positioned according to a degree of its contribution to the state's economic development. In this hierarchy, the Malays hold its position at the bottom while the Chinese at the top. The mass media have reported problems particular to the Malays, which are derived from their representations and which are closely linked with their economic positions in Singapore. In contrast to such representations, the representations of "new Malays" reported in the 1990s have been created in a process of cultural homogenization : they are similar to those of other successful Singaporeans unless their religious affiliation is specified.16KJ00004723241Research Paperjournal articl
Healing Grief Through Music Therapy : Loss and Composition : Relief Through Song-Writing
Get PDFMourning work is designed to treat people who have developed psychological problems due to the loss of a loved one. It facilitates recovery, provides essential aid, and has resulted in many reported successes. Therapy which involves the therapist using music to treat the client is one of its many forms. In this essay I will thoroughly discuss one method of music therapy I researched in case study reports. The therapy involves song-writing in a joint effort between the therapist and the client, and is known to contribute to recovery from grief. People take a considerable blow when they lose an irreplaceable loved one, becoming overwhelmed and coming to a standstill. It is then that the sympathy of a therapist in the form of music composition helps them along the path to recovery.13KJ00004723238研究ノートResearch Notejournal articl