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About the Sentence Understanding of the Learner Which is Analyzed from the Lexical Side : Based on the Analysis of the Test Result of the Learner
Get PDFAn accurate understanding of communication at the sentence level occupies an important position in language learning. When the transmission is performed, correct mutual understanding, or common understanding, may not always take place with both parties. It is necessary to comprehend the entire discourse to achieve common understanding, instead of understanding each sentence as a discrete unit. To explore this area an experiment to investigate the causes and language environment of comprehension errors made while reading a newspaper article was conducted. Results show that problems arose from anaphoric relations, connection or unity characteristics, and the context of each point of view of the related words and phrases. By7KJ00005073328研究論文Research Paperjournal articl
The Canonization of Japanese National Literature in 1890's : A Study of "National Literature" in Japan as a "Nation State"(5)
Get PDFIn this paper we will examine the process of the canonization of Japanese National Literature in the 1890's. The history of Japanese Literature, written by MIKAMI Sanji and KOUZU Kuwasaburo (1890), was the first book that surveyed the history of Japanese national literature. HAGA Yaichi, who was called the father of Japanese National Literature, wrote Ten Lectures of National Literature in Japan in 1899. We assess the change of canons between 1880-89 through the comparison of these two books.8KJ00005073329研究論文Research Paperjournal articl
Comparison of Japanese and international manners : Impact of different cultures on international business relations
Get PDFThe essence of etiquette lies in an individual's thoughtfulness towards others, which is expressed in the form of manners. Manners are exercised based on an individual's will, that is not, by any means, to be enforced by laws or through coercion. Just as it is common sense to wear clothes in public, we should practice manners and etiquette on a daily basis in order for all of us in a society to live in harmony. The word etiquette was introduced to Japan after World War II. Contrary to general belief, the word is not English, but is of French origin and first appeared in 1387 A.D. The term was originally used to describe a placard that would guide guests visiting the French royal courts. The word transformed over time to encapsulate all acts of being considerate towards others. That is the meaning of the word etiquette that we know today. Reigisahou (rei-gi-sa-ho) is the Japanese word for etiquette, and also has its origin in courtly manners. Modern manners come from a hierarchical society that has created an order of ranks, and instilled a sense of respect towards the higher ranked individuals. It is necessary for the Japanese people who play an active role in this modern international society to understand the differences in manners among various cultures in and outside of Japan. We will investigate the different manners around the world by taking an in-depth look at their cultures and comparing them.9KJ00005073330研究論文Research Paperjournal articl
Past and Present of the Education System of Sri Lanka and Corresponding Problems
Get PDFThe human development index (HDI) of Sri Lanka ranks 9^ among the 23 Asian countries selected for the purpose of this paper. The literacy rate ranks 10^, and the secondary education ranks 7^ among the same countries. However, GDP per capita ranks 12^ among these countries, thereby showing a weaker level of economic development in Sri Lanka. In other words, while the general education system in this country has shown a satisfactory level, the same cannot be said for the economic development. As such, this paper has analyzed the education system and its corresponding problems in Sri Lanka to identify the reasons for the low economic development of the country. Sri Lanka has a long history in relation to the school education system, which dates back to 314 BC. Educational institutes were established at this time with the objective of spreading knowledge about Buddhism. Sri Lanka was invaded by the Europeans (Portuguese, Dutch, and Britons) in the latter years and, during the reign of the Europeans, educational institutes were established with the objective of spreading Christianity. In 1934, a free education system was introduced from the primary level up to the university level, while the national language was designated as the main language of instruction. Currently, a 5-4-2-2 (number of school years) system has been adopted for the education from the primary level up to the senior high school. University education continues for an additional 3 to 5 years depending on the area of specialization. Technical and vocational training education starts after the completion of the junior high school. However, higher education as well as the technical and vocational education remains quite weak in Sri Lanka. Enrolment in schools of this level has been a difficult task for the youth, mainly due to the lack of capacity of such institutes. The urban-rural disparity of tertiary education has been intense. In addition, the quality of the education at the higher and technical institutes has created another problem, not only for the upgrading of higher and technical education (tertiary education), but for the economic development of the country as well. The prevailing gap between secondary and tertiary education has been unexpectedly high. As such, this paper proposes an urgent need to restructure and reorganize the higher and technical education system in order to achieve a higher level of economic development in this country.4KJ00004723229研究論文Research Paperjournal articl
Training to play a large part to preschool education for the childcare person : The childcare person training In Aichi Tokai-city nursery school for five years
Get PDFIn Aichi Tokai-city, childcare persons have studied together a day in summer season. I was asked to teach them how to play a large part to preschool education. It passed 5 years to teach them from the start.So I thought what and how to teach them. I decided to blend a lecture and an exercise. I told them both theory and my experiences in kindergarten and in nursery school. Then they read practical cases or recorded daily happenings.After they thought by themselves, they talked with a few members. And they spoke their opinions each other.As a result, they could reconsider about their daily practice and change their planning point of view.6KJ00006320100論文journal articl
The Study of the Mongolian Food Life
Get PDFIn the Mongolian Tent called "Pao", where we visited for surveying the Mongolian Food Life in Neimenggu (Inner Mongolia), China, there were a television and a video recorder in their living room and there was a large-sized freezer storing mutton and pork refrigerated in another cooking tent. These mutton and pork were cooked in the oven. Fuel for cooking was dried, hardened cow dung because of its efficiency.In the Mongolian foods, there are two kinds of "Meals" as "White Meal" and "Red Meal". White Meal means that most of food ingredients depend on dairy products such as milk, cheese in the breakfast. On the other hand, Red Meal means they eat meats of livestock as their big feasts, such as mutton and pork. Of course they take cereal products as every day foods.The cooking methods of the meats are simply boiling or roasting the meat and they are simply seasoned with salt. They don't use any spices at all. The principle of their living that "they should consume the foods which are produced there" is strictly observed.Therefore, we understand the origin of the Mongolian traditional food life coming from their ancestors in this grassy plain for so long time.10KJ00006320120論文journal articl
