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ANGKA KAPANG DAN KHAMIR PADA LADA PUTIH ASAL BANGKA
Get PDFNumbers of Mold and Yeast on White Pepper from BangkaWhite pepper is one of Indonesia's spices that are needed for both public consumption and exports. Post-harvest processing of white pepper by farmers is often done with unclean. Each source of white pepper has different water content and will affect the quality of white pepper. In this study, seven samples (S1, S2, S3, S4, S5, S6, S7) were from Bangka. All samples tested had higher water content than SNI quality standard (13%), but still below the quality standard 2 (18%). Sample S2 has the highest water content compared to other samples. Sample S1 and S2 have high Numbers of Mold and Yeast (AKK) and do not suitable with quality standart of BPOM. Of all samples, S2 had the highest AKK (5,51 x 104 colony / g) and sample S5 had the smallest AKK (8,8 x 102 colony / g). This shows the relationship between water content in white pepper with AKK. White pepper that has a high water content has a high AKK, whereas white pepper that has low moisture content has low AKK.Keywords: white pepper, Numbers of Mold and Yeast, moisture contentABSTRAKLada putih adalah salah satu rempah Indonesia yang banyak dibutuhkan baik untuk konsumsi masyarakat ataupun ekspor. Proses pengolahan pasca panen lada putih oleh petani sering dilakukan dengan tidak bersih. Setiap sumber lada putih memiliki kadar air yang berbeda dan akan mempengaruhi kualitas lada putih. Pada penelitian ini,tujuh sampel (S1, S2, S3, S4, S5, S6, S7) berasal dari Bangka. Semua sampel yang di uji memiliki kadar air yang lebih tinggi dari standar mutu 1 SNI (13%), namun masih berada di bawah standar mutu 2 (18 %). Sampel S2 memiliki kadar air yang paling tinggi dibandingkan dengan sampel lainnya. Sampel S1 dan S2 memiliki  (Angka Kapang Khamir) AKK yang tinggi dan tidak memenuhi syarat mutu. BPOM. Dari semua sampel, sampel S2 memiliki AKK paling tinggi (5,51 x 104 koloni/g) dan sampel S5 memiliki AKK paling kecil (8,8 x 102 koloni/g). Hal ini menunjukan hubungan antara kadar air pada lada putih dengan AKK. Lada putih yang memiliki kadar air tinggi memiliki AKK yang juga tinggi, sedangkan lada putih yang memiliki kadar air rendah memiki AKK yang rendah.Kata Kunci: Lada putih, Angka kapang khamir, Kadar Ai
MODEL SEBARAN SPASIAL DAN KESESUAIAN HABITAT SPESIES INVASIF MANTANGAN (Merremia peltata (L.) Merr.) DI TAMAN NASIONAL BUKIT BARISAN SELATAN
Get PDFSome of conservation area is invaded by some invasive species like Merremiapeltata in Bukit Barisan Selatan National Park. The aim of this study is to identify the distribution and habitat characteristics of M. peltata, as well as building a model of the spatial distribution and habitat suitability of M. peltata Tampang Resort, BBSNP. The research was conducted at Resort Tampang, BBSNP, from March to May 2014. For modeling, have been used 9 independent variables, like distance from the road, distance from the garden, elevation, slope, aspect, surface temperature, Normalized Difference Index (NDVI), Normalized Moisture Index (NDMI), and Forest Canopy Density (FCD). Modeling process that have been done with binary logistic regression used GIS-based modeling.The result of habitat suitability analisys show that the most suitable habitat for M. peltata at the Tampang Resort BBSNP is at elevation of 0-100 meters above sea level, slope 8-15%, aspect 90-180degrees, distances from the road >800 meters, distance from the garden/human activities >800 meter, surface temperature <260C, NDVI values between 0.42-0.62, NDMI value between 0.3-0.4, and FCD value between 50-75%. The results of validation test shows that model can predict 96.87% of M. peltata presence, and 50% of M. peltata absence at Tampang Resort, BBSNP
TINGKAT KEMATANGAN BIJI KOPI ARABICA (Coffea arabica L.) DALAM MENGHASILKAN KADAR KAFEIN
Get PDFLevels of Arabica (Coffea Arabica L.) Coffee Materials in Producing Caffein Coffee is a plantation crop that has long been cultivated in Indonesia. One type of coffee grown in Indonesia, namely arabica coffee. Arabica coffee is coffee that has superior quality compared to other types of coffee. Testing of caffeine content in Sukamakmur village arabica coffee is differentiated into three types of coffee berries based on the maturity level of the coffee fruit. The level of maturity of coffee fruit is marked by the color of coffee fruit skin. The collection of young coffee fruit is characterized by green fruit rind, half-aged coffee, orange rind and old coffee, dark red rind. Arabica coffee fruit is processed from drying, drying, and roasting and grinding into arabica ground coffee. Powder coffee samples are used for water content testing, phytochemical identification, and caffeine level testing. Caffeine content testing using UV-Vis spectrophotometry. The results of water content testing showed that the highest water content was found in coffee with a maturity level of half old, the lowest moisture content found in old coffee. Phytochemical identification testing performed showed powdered coffee samples containing active compounds of saponins, flavonoids, and alkaloids, as well as tannins. The highest caffeine content is found in ground coffee with the maturity level of coffee half old at 1.56% and the lowest caffeine level in ground coffee with a young coffee level of 0.93%.Keywords : Coffea arabica L., Level of maturity, Level of caffeine. ABSTRAKKopi adalah tanaman perkebunan yang sudah lama dibudidayakan di Indonesia. Salah satu jenis kopi yang ditanam di Indonesia, yaitu kopi arabika. Kopi arabika merupakan kopi yang memiliki kualitas superior dibanding jenis kopi lainnya. Pengujian kadar kafein pada kopi arabika desa Sukamakmur dibedakan menjadi tiga jenis pengambilan buah kopi berdasarkan tingkat kematangan buah kopi. Tingkat kematangan buah kopi ditandai dengan warna kulit buah kopi. Pengambilan buah kopi muda ditandai dengan kulit buah berwarna hijau, kopi setengah tua, kulit buah berwarna jingga dan kopi tua, kulit buah berwarna merah tua. Buah kopi arabika diolah dari penjemuran, pengeringan, dan penyangraian serta penggilingan menjadi kopi bubuk arabika. Sampel kopi bubuk digunakan untuk bahan pengujian kadar air, identifikasi fitokimia dan pengujian kadar kafein. Pengujian kadar kafein menggunakan metode spektrofometri UV-Vis. Hasil pegujian kadar air menunjukkan bahwa kadar air tertinggi terdapat pada kopi dengan tingkat kematangan setengah tua, kadar air terendah terdapat pada kopi tua. Pengujian identifikasi fitokimia yang dilakukan menunjukan sampel kopi bubuk mengandung senyawa aktif saponin, flavonoid, dan alkaloid, serta tanin. Kadar kafein tertinggi terdapat pada kopi bubuk dengan tingkat kematangan kopi setengah tua sebesar 1,56% dan kadar kafein terendah pada kopi bubuk dengan tingkat kopi muda sebesar 0,93%.Kata kunci: Coffea arabica L., Tingkat kematangan, Kadar kafein
OPTIMASI PRIMER SINGLE NUCLEOTIDE AMPLIFIED POLYMORPHYSM (SNAP) PADA GEN BRASSINOSTEROID (BRI) KELAPA SAWIT
Get PDFOptimisation of Single Nucleotide Amplified Polymorphism (SNAP) Primers in Brassinosteroid (BRI) Gene of Oil Palm Oil palm varieties that have high yields still have a high rate of stem height increase, and it has an impact on difficulties at harvest. Brassinosteroid (BRI) is one of the growth hormones that regulate stem height increase. In this study, the sample used is three types of oil palm, namely E. guineensis which represents the height growth of normal oil palm stems, E. oleifera which represents slow stem height growth, and the result of crossing or hybrid Eo x Eg which is expected to inherit the traits between the two the crossed parent. Sequencing was carried out on samples using a specific primer for the BRI gene that triggers elongation and division of stem cells. The Single Nucleotide Amplified Polymorphisms (SNAP) primers used in the analysis process need to find the optimum temperature to obtain the optimum PCR conditions. Four primers of Single Nucleotide Amplified Polymorphism (SNAP) that get the optimum temperature with a mixture of normal reagents are BRI 69 Alt-Rev and BRI 562 Ref-Rev at 55oC, BRI 1206 Alt-Rev at 57oC and BRI 1206 Ref-Rev at 58oC. Two primers require additional MgCl2 in the reactant mixture, namely BRI 69 Ref-Rev at 55oC and BRI 2115 Alt-Rev at 56oC.Keywords: Oil palm, Brassinosteroid, Primer, DNA, GenesABSTRAK Varietas-varietas kelapa sawit yang memiliki daya hasil tinggi umumnya masih memiliki laju pertambahan tinggi yang relatif cepat dan berakibat pada kesulitan saat panen. Brassinosteroid (BRI) merupakan salah satu hormon pertumbuhan yang mengatur pertambahan tinggi batang. Pada studi ini, Sampel yang digunakan adalah tiga jenis kelapa sawit yaitu sampel E. guineensis yang mewakili pertumbuhan tinggi batang kelapa sawit normal, E. oleifera yang mewakili pertumbuhan tinggi batang lambat, dan hasil persilangan atau hibrida Eo x Eg yang diharapkan mewarisi sifat antara kedua induk yang disilangkan. Sekuensing dilakukan pada sampel menggunakan primer spesifik gen BRI yang memicu pemanjangan dan pembelahan sel batang. Primer Single Nucleotide Amplified Polymorphisms (SNAP) yang digunakan dalam proses analisis perlu dicari suhu optimumnya agar didapatkan kondisi PCR yang optimum sehingga dihasilkan produk PCR yang spesifik. Empat primer Single Nucleotide Amplified Polymorphism (SNAP) yang mendapatkan suhu optimum dengan campuran pereaksi normal yaitu BRI 69 Alt-Rev dan BRI 562 Ref-Rev pada suhu 55oC, BRI 1206 Alt-Rev pada suhu 57oC dan BRI 1206 Ref-Rev pada suhu 58oC. Dua primer membutuhkan tambahan MgCl2 pada campuran pereaksinya yaitu BRI 69 Ref-Rev pada suhu 55oC dan BRI 2115 Alt-Rev pada suhu 56oC.Kata Kunci: Kelapa sawit, Brassinosteroid, Primer, DNA, Ge
RIAP PERTUMBUHAN JATI UNGGUL NUSANTARA ROTASI KEDUA DI KEBUN PERCOBAAN COGREG UNIVERSITAS NUSA BANGSA
Get PDFThe copies JUN in the UNB Experimental Garden is the second rotation, this is an economic and ecological consideration. According to previous studies that sengon copies can be done in 3 rotations. JUN and sengon have similar physical characteristics of wood. The characteristics of the wood include the water content, density and density of wood. So that it is assumed, the growth of sengon stands also has similarities with the growth of JUN stands. In this research, it will be seen whether the JUN increment in the second rotation will produce results that are in line with expectations, and whether it will be feasible to continue in the third rotation. Riap in the second rotation will be a consideration for the next rotation. The prediction of increment in the next rotation can be calculated by knowing the increment in the second rotation. This study took a sample of 20% of the total population or as many as 1084 JUN copies stands. From this study it was concluded that the increment in the second rotation was 2.8 cm / year or decreased by 40%, so to obtain the lowest grade woodworking (AI) it took 7 years and 8 months. If it is continued in the third rotation it requires a cycle of 17 years 8 months to obtain an AI standard and requires a cycle of 26 years 8 months to obtain the AIII standard. From the results above, it is recommended that for JUN copies only until the second rotation because the predicted cycle is still below 10 years. The third rotation cannot be done because the growth of diameter increments is below 2 cm / year, so the cycle takes more than 10 years. Â
KEANEKARAGAMAN JENIS BURUNG DI HUTAN KOTA BUMI PERKEMAHAN DAN GRAHA WISATA CIBUBUR
Get PDFJamboree Campsite Cibubur (BUPERTA) is located on the outskirts of Cibubur City which provides good suitable for birds. This study aims to study the diversity of bird species and identify habitat characteristics. Methods used are counting method, MacKinnon type list, habitat profile creation and interview. Shannon-Wiener's diversity index is obtained with a value of 2.921in the high category of it in a region. Number of bird species recorded as many as 22 species of birds. Category of easy type meeting types such as types of coconut honey, bondol java, bird church, cucak kutilang. The use of some types of tree strata such as feeding location, playground or chatting with each other and resting location, but not always the birds use only one type of habitat but there are some birds that use some habitat type in their daily activities. is carried out to see how vegetation shape and environmental conditions become the observation plot. The result vegetation analysis was obtained the identified tree level is 9 species. This refers to the background of the urban forest area that was once a rubber plantation. Level of dominance type rubber (Hevea brasiliensis) amounted to 14 individuals. The Import Value Index (INP) of vegetation analysis for plant type pole level with highest INP value is rubber of 54.08%, while the second highest pole is eboni (Diospyros celebica) of 48.13%
PERSEPSI DAN SIKAP MASYARAKAT TERHADAP PENGELOLAAN HUTAN ADAT (Studi Kasus di Kasepuhan Pasir Eurih, Desa Sindanglaya, Kecamatan Sobang, Kabupaten Lebak, Provinsi Banten)
Get PDFPerception and Behavior of Indigenous People to Indigenous Forest Management are essential to maintaining the sustainability of forest functions. The aims of this study were to describe and explain the perception and behavior of indigenous peoples to indigenous forest management. The Data were conducted by interview and observation which analyzed by using descriptive analysis. The results showed that the indigenous people of Kasepuhan Pasir Eurih had a high perception of the community with a percentage of 90% - 93.34% indicated by a good understanding that their lives depend on indigenous forest resources and want to sustain the resources. The number of community’s dependence on indigenous forest ecosystems is very high, especially in sustaining its economic life. While high behavior with percentage is about 73.33% - 93.33% which means that the community is very understanding of conservation activities in indigenous forest management
PERFORMANSI HUTAN RAKYAT DI KELURAHAN SELOPURO KECAMATAN BATUWARNO KABUPATEN WONOGIRI
Get PDFManagement of private forest is influenced by cultural habits and local knowledge. It can be influencing the management of forest, especially for its performance. So that, the utilities of forest resources is expected to provide its productivity, sustainability, and efficiency. This aim of this study was to measure the level of performance in private forest management in Selepuro Village, Batuwarno Subdistrict, Wonogiri Regency, Central Java Province. This study used a survey method. The data were conducted by interviewed using a structured questionnaire to respondents. The data were analyzed using descriptive analysis. The results showed that the level of performance of private forest in Selopuro Village was high. The private forest performance is shown by high levels of private forest productivity, sustainability of private forest management, benefits of rules in the management and efficiency of private forest cost management. Therefore a high private forest performance will encourage forest management to be better. Keywords: Performance, Private Forest, Private Forest Managemen
PENGIKATAN AFLATOKSIN B1 DENGAN HASIL EKSTRAKSI UMBI ILES-ILES (Amorpophallus oncophylus) SECARA INVITRO
Get PDFAflatoksin B1 Binding with Tubers of Iles-Iles (Amorpophallus oncophylus) Extract on InvitroAnimal feed plays an important role in determining livestock productivity and food security for humans. Animal feed produced by the animal feed industry is still corn-soya based, its raw material composition is dominated by soybean and corn meal, which is easily contaminated with aflatoxin. Aflatoxin compounds known to cause disruption to both animals and humans, because it is carcinogenic. Some aflatoxin binding methods have been using glucomannan containing yeast product (GYP), hydrated sodium calcium aluminosilicate (HSCAS), zeolite, bentonite, kaolin, and activated carbon, and this method is imported so the price is quite expensive. This study aims to test the ability of extracted iles-iles as a binder of aflatoxin B1 in feed in vitro. The results showed that iles-iles extract can bind aflatoxin well like glucomannan from Mycosorb although the binding of Aflatoxin by Amorphophalus extract is less bound than the binder of Mycosorb. Giving extracts weighing 41.25; 82.1 and 102.75 mg have the aflatoxin binding ability with a 3.88-axis increase in succession; 6.25 and 5.97 ppb or as high as 9.86; 15.8; 15.2%. The binding of aflatoxin with glucomannan from the mycosorb product was able to absorb 27.10% aflatoxin in 41.25 mg binder weight and decrease in binder material 82.1 mg (19.63%) and 102.75 mg (23.97% ).Keywords: Aflatokin B1, iles-iles tubers, glucomannanABSTRAKPakan ternak memiliki peran penting karena menentukan produktivitas ternak maupun keamanan pangan bagi manusia. Pakan ternak yang diproduksi oleh industri pakan ternak masih berbasis corn-soya, komposisi bahan bakunya didominasi oleh bungkil kedelai dan jagung, yang mudah terkontaminasi aflatoksin. Senyawa aflatoksin diketahui dapat menimbulkan gangguan baik pada hewan maupun manusia, karena bersifat karsinogenik.  Beberapa metode pengikatan aflatoksin selama ini menggunakan glucomannan containing yeast product (GYP) (Mycosorb®), hydrated sodium calcium aluminosilicate (HSCAS), Zeolit, bentonit, kaolin, dan karbon aktif dan metode ini bahannya berasal dari import sehingga harganya cukup mahal. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji kemampuan hasil ekstraksi iles-iles sebagai pengikat aflatoksin B1 dalam pakan secara in vitro.  Hasil penelitian didapat bahwa ekstrak iles-iles dapat mengikat aflatoksin dengan baik seperti glukomanan dari Mycosorb walaupun pengikatan Aflatoksin oleh ekstrak Amorphophalus lebih sedikit terikatnya dibandingkan dengan pengikat dari Mycosorb. Pemberian ekstrak dengan berat 41,25 ; 82,1 dan 102,75 mg memiliki  kemampuan mengikat aflatoksin dengan  kecenderungan meningkat secara berturut turut 3,88; 6,25 dan 5,97 ppb atau sebesar 9,86; 15,8; 15,2%. Pengikatan aflatoksin dengan glukomannan dari produk mycosorb mampu menyerap 27,10% aflatoksin pada penggunaan bahan berat pengikat 41,25 mg dan menurun pada bahan berat bahan pengikat 82,1 mg (19,63%) dan 102,75 mg (23,97%).Kata kunci : Aflatokin B1, umbi iles-iles, glukomana
PENGELOLAAN KOLABORASI HUTAN PENDIDIKAN DAN PELATIHAN JAMPANG TENGAH – SUKABUMI
Get PDFCollaborative forest management Training Central Jampang by involving the local community, is one alternative in the management of the Forest Training. Where the Forest Training functions as a means of supporting education and training conducted by the Forestry Training Centre can be run in accordance with the vision , mission and goals without ignoring the existence of the people residing in the vicinity. The purpose of the study is to determine the condition and potential of Forest Training Central Jampang to organize and conduct an evaluation of Training Forest neighborhood becomes a means of integrated practice models in the context of forestry and agricultural land rehabilitation, soil and water conservation as well as identify and implement forest management activities collaboratively Training Jampang Tengan between forest managers and local residents, especially farmers. Training Forest Middle Jampang condition is quite alarming because many suffered damage, such as physical buildings and plots and the current instance has been partially improved. Forest Development Training Central Jampang done through empowerment and community development activities around the Forest Training form of collaborative activities such as beekeeping, forest utilization patterns so as to provide benefit agroforestry economic, social, and technology to communities around the Forest Training