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PERUBAHAN TUTUPAN LAHAN HUTAN DI CAGAR ALAM RAWA DANAU MENGGUNAKAN CITRA LANDSAT DAN SISTEM INFORMASI GEOGRAFI
Get PDFRawa Danau Nature Reserve is an area of the old volcanic caldera located in Serang District, Banten Province about 100 km to the west of Jakarta. This area has been identified as a very important natural site on the island of Java. This is based on the fact that the main wetland ecosystem at Rawa Danau is the only remaining freshwater swamp forest ecosystem of peat swamp forests in Java Island. The objective of this study was to identify land cover classes and their changes in Rawa Danau Nature reserve area on 2006, 2011, and 2016, and also calculate degradation rate and reforestation during the time of observation. This study was conducted in April - June 2017. Data sources was generated from landat image ETM+7 coverage year of 2006 and 2011, Image Landsat OLI 8 coverage year 2016 and other supporting digital maps. Supporting tools and instruments used were software, ArcGis 10.1, Erdas 9.1, GPS, Camera and Stationary. The result showed that land cover can be successfully classified both digitally or visually and  composed of secondary swamp forest, marsh bushes, fields, settlements, water body and swamp. Highest degradation during 2006-2016 occured on swamp forest that was converted into fields, while highest reforestation happened on fields that became swamp area.  Key words: Degradation, Image Landsat, Land Cover Changes, Land Cove
PENDUGAAN POTENSI TEGAKAN DAN KONTRIBUSI HUTAN RAKYAT TERHADAP PENDAPATAN MASYARAKAT DI KECAMATAN CIGUDEG KABUPATEN BOGOR
Get PDFForests are one of the great natural resources of its role in various aspects of life both economic aspects, social, development and forest environment and its ecosystem as the basis of national development capital with the diversity of flora and fauna that can provide benefits for human life. One effort to support the balance of natural ecosystems and economic needs is the formation of community forests, aimed at increasing the income and welfare of the people. This can be seen from the existence of traditional folk forests in the effort of the community itself without the intervention of the government (pure self-help), either in the form of one species plant (pure forest), or with the pattern of agroforestry. The purpose of knowing about the potential and condition of community forest, and the amount of revenue contribution from the result of community forest management is compared with Minimum Regional Wage (UMR) Bogor Regency. Methods in this study using survey approach and analyzed qualitatively and quantitatively by using systematic sampling with random start with 20% sampling intensity. The result of research on the potential of community forest stands is 1.213,586 m3, derived from Sengon, Jabon, Acacia, Mahogany and Jati. The contribution of peasant forest income is on average 29,88% compared to UMR value of Bogor Regency
SERANGAN HAMA PENGGEREK DAUN PADA TEGAKAN DAMAR (Agathis alba) di NEGERI HUNITETU, KECAMATAN INAMOSOL, KABUPATEN SERAM BAGIAN BARAT
Get PDFForest damage is not only caused by human activity, but can also be caused by other causes such as pest attacks. The purpose of this study was to determine the intensity and extent of leaf borer infestation  in Damar stands in Hunitetu village of, Inomosol subdistrict, West Seram Regency. The method used in this study is the survey method. The results of the study showed that the leaves pests in the damar stands were green grasshopper (Atractomorpa crenulata) and snout beetles (Hylobius sp), with an intensity of damage of 11.00% for green grasshoppers (Atractomorpa crenulata) and 2.70% caused by snout beetles (Hylobius sp). Both are in the category of minor attacks. While the broadattack of green grasshopper's (Atractomorpa crenulata)   of  50.20%  belongs to category of severe attack and snout beetle (Hylobius sp), amounting to  43.89%  belonging to the category of moderate attacks
PENGUJIAN PARAMETER FISIK SABUN MANDI CAIR DARI SURFAKTAN SODIUM LAURETH SULFATE (SLES)
Get PDFPHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF LIQUID SHOWER SOAP CONTAINED OF SODIUM LAURETH SULFATE (SLES) SURFACTANTSoap could be produced by saponification and neutralization process. It was contained of fatty acid, KOH, glycerin, and surfactan. The properties of surfactant determined physical properties of soap as the quality parameter of soap. The study was conducted to examine some of the physical parameters of liquid bath soap (stability test: color, aroma, viscosity, homogeneity, viscosity and pH) in accordance with applicable standards. The study was conducted using soap which was contained of SLES surfactants (Sodium Laureth Ether Sulfate). The results were pH 8.61 and viscosity 55254 cps on stability test include oven test, cycle test, room test, and sun test.Keywords: liquid shower, Sodium Laureth Ether Sulfate, soap stability ABSTRAKSabun yang merupakan salah satu kosmetik pembersih dapat dibuat melalui dua proses, yaitu saponifikasi dan netralisasi. Sabun tersusun dari berbagai bahan, seperti asam lemak, KOH, gliserin, dan surfaktan. Sifat surfaktan dalam sabun menentukan sifat fisik dari sabun yang dihasilkan dan sebagai salah satu faktor penentu mutu. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menguji beberapa parameter fisik sabun mandi cair (uji stabilitas: warna, aroma, kekentalan, homogenitas, viskositas dan pH) sesuai dengan standar yang berlaku, sehingga dapat dilanjutkan ke tahap pengujian berikutnya. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan menggunakan surfaktan SLES (Sodium Laureth Ether Sulfate). Beberapa parameter fisik terukur adalah pH 8,61 dan viskositas 55254 cps pada pengujian stabilitas meliputi oven test, cycle test, room test, dan sun test.Kata Kunci: sabun cair, Sodium Laureth Ether Sulfate, stabilitas sabu
PENETAPAN NILAI KALORI DALAM BATUBARA DENGAN KALORIMETER PARR 6200
Get PDFDetermining Calory Value of Coal With Calorimeter Parr 6200Â Coal is a source of energy utilized by the process of making cement. This type of coal determines the quality and calorific value of the coal. Determination of calorific value on coal is done by using calorimeter. Coal types studied were A and B coal mixture with ratio 80:20, 70:30, 60:40, and 50:50. The results showed that the mixture of A and B coal with a ratio of 80:20, 70:30, 60:40, and 50:50 can be used for combustion in the manufacture of cement in the furnace because it has a calorific value above 6000 in accordance with the standards of the cement factory . Water content affects the calorific value of coal, the higher of moisture content, the lower the heating value.Keywords: Coal, Calorimeter, Heat valueABSTRAKÂ Batubara merupakan sumber energi yang dimanfaatkan oleh proses pembuatan semen. Jenis batubara menentukan kualitas dan nilai kalor dari batubara tersebut. Penentuan nilai kalor pada batu bara dilakukan dengan menggunakan kalorimeter. Jenis batubara yang diteliti yaitu Campuran batubara A dan B dengan perbandingan 80:20, 70:30, 60:40, dan 50:50. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa campuran batubara A dan B dengan perbandingan 80:20, 70:30, 60:40, dan 50:50 dapat digunakan untuk pembakaran dalam pembuatan semen di tanur bakar karena memiliki nilai kalori diatas 6000 sesuai dengan standar perusahan pabrik semen. Kadar air mempengaruhi nilai kalori batubara, yaitu semakin tinggi kadar air semakin rendah nilai kalor.Kata Kunci: Batu Bara, Kalorimeter, nilai kalo
ALTERNATIF METODE ANALISIS PENETAPAN KADAR ASAM MEFENAMAT DALAM PONSAMIC 500 mg TABLET SALUT SELAPUT
Get PDFAlternative of analytical methods of assay mefenamic acid in posamic 500 mg film coated tabletThe level of active substance is a requirement that must be met to ensure the quality of medicinal preparations, to carry out the assay of the active drug substance required a method that has been validated. The validity of alternative methods of assay in ponsamic mefenamic acid 500 mg film coated tablet (trade name) has been performed. Mefanat acid assay method using UV spectrophotometry, so that the limited availability of tools that can be resolved HPLC. The validity of alternative methods tested by the parameters of accuracy with standard addition method and parameters accuracy. Based on the results obtained by the value of the linearity was r equal to 0,999 and the percentage difference spectrophotometric method with HPLC method (% difference) at 0,16%. The results showed an alternative method of assay in ponsamic mefenamic acid 500 mg film coated tablet (trade name) using spectrophotometric methods, qualified acceptance in accordance with ISO / IEC 17025.Keywords: Mefenamic acid, validation method, UV spectrophotometryABSTRAK Pemeriksaan kadar zat aktif merupakan persyaratan yang harus dipenuhi untuk menjamin kualitas sediaan obat, untuk melakukan penetapan kadar zat aktif obat dibutuhkan suatu metode yang telah divalidasi. Validitas metode alternatif penetapan kadar asam mefenamat dalam ponsamic 500 mg tablet salut selaput (nama dagang) telah dilakukan. Metode penentuan kadar asam mefanat menggunakan spektrofotometri UV, sehingga ketersediaan alat HPLC yang terbatas dapat teratasi. Validitas metode alternatif diuji berdasarkan parameter akurasi dengan metode penambahan baku dan parameter ketelitian. Berdasarkan hasil diperoleh nilai linearitas adalah r sebesar 0,999 dan persentase perbedaan metode spektrofotometri dengan metode HPLC (% Difference) sebesar 0,16%. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan metode alternatif penetapan kadar asam mefenamat dalam ponsamic 500 mg tablet salut selaput (nama dagang) menggunakan metode spektrofotometri, memenuhi syarat untuk diterima sesuai ISO/IEC 17025.Kata kunci : Asam mefenamat, Validasi metode, Spektrofotometri U
SERANGGA HAMA TERKINI YANG MENYERANG TANAMAN SENGON (Falcataria moluccana (Miq.) Berneby & J.W Grimes) DAN JABON (Neolamarckia cadamba (Roxb.) Bosser)
Get PDFThe Latest Insect Pests which Attacks Sengon (Falcataria moluccana (Miq.) Berneby & J.W Grimes) and Jabon Trees (Neolamarckia cadamba (Roxb.) Bosser)The current study of pest insect infestation on sengon (Falcataria moluccana (Miq.) Berneby & J.W Grimes)) and jabon (Neolamarckia cadamba (Roxb.) Bosser) plants has been carried out. The aimed of the study was to identify the latest status of the pests that infested sengon and Jabon plants. The research method used were field survey and observation in the laboratory. The survey was carried out in plantations owned by the Unit II Perhutani Unit in East Java as well as the small scale forests in the Kediri (East Java), Ciamis and Garut (West Java) areas. While observations in the laboratory were conducted at the Pest Laboratory of the Center for Forest Research and Development, Bogor. The results showed that pests that infested sengon and Jabon plants were unknown name of sengon shoot borer, Echinothrips sp. (Tripidae; Thysanoptera), horn beetle Oryctes rhinoceros (Scarabaeidae; Coleoptera), wild silkworm Attacus atlas (Saturniidae; Lepidoptera), leaf-sucking pests Lawana sp./Samurus sp. (Flatidae; Homoptera).Keywords: pest insect, sengon plant, jabon plant, the latest.ABSTRAKPenelitian tentang serangga hama terkini yang menyerang tanaman sengon (Falcataria moluccana) dan jabon (Neolamarckia cadamba) di hutan tanaman, bertujuan untuk menginventarisir jenis-jenis hama yang menyerang tanaman sengon dan jabon saat kini. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode survei dan pengamatan di laboratorium. Survei dilakukan di hutan tanaman milik Perum Perhutani maupun hutan milik rakyat di daerah Kediri, Ciamis dan Garut. Pengamatan di laboratorium dilakukan di Laboratorium Hama Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Hutan, Bogor. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa hama yang menyerang tanaman sengon dan jabon adalah hama penggerek pucuk sengon (Pyralidae; Lepidoptera),hama Echinothrips sp. (Tripidae; Thysanoptera), kumbang tanduk Oryctes rhinoceros (Scarabaeidae; Coleoptera), ulat sutera liarAttacus atlas(Saturniidae; Lepidoptera), hama pengisap daun Lawana sp./Sanurus sp. (Flatidae; Homoptera).Kata kunci: serangga hama, tanaman sengon, tanaman jabo
EKSTRAKSI RUMPUT LAUT Gelidium sp. MENJADI BAKTO AGAR SEBAGAI PEMADAT MEDIA PERTUMBUHAN MIKROBA
No full textExtraction of Seaweed Grass Gelidium Sp. Become A Bakto For A Microbic Growth Media Competition   Red seaweed is seaweed that produces gelatin one example is Gelidium sp. The product that has high economic value is bakto agar which is widely used in the field of microbiology, namely as a microbial culture media compactor. The use of bacto so that it will increase domestically, so as to meet the needs of bakto so that in the country with the expected quality classification with bakto so that the commercial is carried out this research. Agar yield value of seaweed type Gelidium sp. produced an average of 26.69%. The proximate test results for the parameters of water content, levels of ash, insoluble ash and sulfate in bakto so that the research is 6.89%, 1.67%, 0.0235%, and 1.31% respectively. The results of testing the levels of protein, fat, carbohydrate and gel strength at bacto so that respectively are 1.72%, 0.05%, 32.87% and 214.45 (g / cm2). The results of testing the mineral metal levels of calcium, magnesium and potassium were obtained at bakto so that they were 1806.06 mg / kg, 680 mg / kg and 338.22 mg / kg respectively. The results of testing the levels of trace elements of iron and copper were obtained at 8.75 mg / kg and 2.10 mg / kg. The results of microbiological testing using the total plate number method using Bacillus subtilis and Eschericia coli bacteria were found to be 8.6 x 106 colonies / mL and 2.81 x 107 colonies / mL. Based on the observation of bacterial morphology by comparing it with bakto so that the commercial standard in general is not much different. So based on the results of proximate and microbiological testing, bakto so that this research can be used as a medium for bacterial growth.Keywords: Gelidium sp., Agar, media and bacteriaABSTRAK   Rumput laut merah merupakan rumput laut yang menghasilkan agar-agar salah satu contohnya adalah Gelidium sp. Produk agar yang memiliki nilai ekonomis tinggi adalah bakto agar yang banyak digunakan dalam bidang mikrobiologi yaitu sebagai pemadat media kultur mikroorganisme. Pemanfaatan bakto agar di dalam negeri semakin meningkat, sehingga untuk mencukupi kebutuhan bakto agar di dalam negeri dengan klasifikasi mutu yang diharapkan sama dengan bakto agar komersial maka dilakukan penelitian ini. Nilai rendemen agar dari rumput laut jenis Gelidium sp. dihasilkan rata-rata sebesar 26.69%. Hasil pengujian proksimat untuk parameter kadar air, kadar abu, abu tak larut asam dan sulfat pada bakto agar penelitian ini berturut-turut adalah sebesar 6,89%, 1,67%, 0,0235%, dan 1.31%. Hasil pengujian kadar protein, lemak, karbohidrat dan kekuatan gel pada bakto agar berturut-turut adalah sebesar 1,72%, 0,05%, 32,87% dan 214,45 (g/cm2). Hasil pengujian kadar logam mineral kalsium, magnesium dan kalium didapatkan pada bakto agar berturut-turut adalah sebesar 1806,06 mg/kg, 680 mg/kg dan 338,22 mg/kg. Hasil pengujian kadar logam trace elements besi dan tembaga didapatkan sebesar 8.75 mg/kg dan 2,10 mg/kg. Hasil pengujian mikrobiologi dengan metode angka lempeng total dengan menggunakan bakteri Bacillus subtilis dan Eschericia coli didapatakan sebesar 8,6 x 106 koloni/mL dan 2,81 x 107 koloni/mL. Berdasarkan hasil pengamatan morfologi bakteri dengan membandingkannya dengan bakto agar standar komersial secara garis besar tidak jauh berbeda. Sehingga berdasarkan hasil pengujian proksimat dan mikrobiologi, bakto agar penelitian ini dapat digunakan sebagai media pertumbuhan bakteri.Kata kunci: Gelidium sp., Agar, media dan bakter
POTENSI DAN STRATEGI PENGEMBANGAN EKOWISATA DI SITU KEMUNING, KECAMATAN BOJONGGEDE, KABUPATEN BOGOR
Get PDFLake (situ) is one of the aquatic ecosystems that serves as a reservoir of water resources derived from rainwater and from stream flow. Kemuning lake is one of 94 situ in Bogor Regency that located in Sudi Mampir sub Village, Cimanggis Village, Bojonggede District. Kemuning lake potential consists of lake, duck-like rides, teak stands, stretch of weeds, the starfruit tunnel, birds chirping and fishes. The results of the calculation of ecotourism resource assessment shows that the starfruit tunnel occupies the highest potential sequence with a mean value of 5.0, while based on assessment assessors shown the potential that has the highest average value of the lake with an average value of 5.3. Development strategy based on SWOT analysis result shown that Kemuning Situ occupies SO strategy (strength opportunity) with internal factor value 1.53 and external factor value 1.05. In order to support the realization of the Bogor Regency government program which has the tagline "Cibinong City Front Situ" then made Site Plan Kemuning lake area
TEKNIK PELENGKUNGAN KOMPONEN KAPAL KAYU SECARA TRADISIONAL DI BATULICIN KALIMANTAN SELATAN
Get PDFIndonesia is an archipelago, within the islands themselves there are many rivers. To connect between one island or location to another, our ancestors have used wooden boats long ago. For income earning, the fishermen use also this wooden ship. Therefore, it is not surprising that since ancient times Indonesian people have been very familiar with what wooden boats are, including how to make these wooden ships and also how to choose wood suitable for the wooden ship. They commonly choose the wood available in their surrounding area. Batulicin is an area located on the southeastern coast of South Kalimantan province where many people make wooden boats such as fishing boats and cargo or passenger ships. The objective of this study was to describe how the Batulicin’s community made a curvature of the components of wooden vessels as well as  informing the types of wood used for making wooden vessels. The result of this study showed that the wood for ship components were ulin, halaban and bungur. Although the selection of wood species was traditionally carried out, however these wood are still meet with the SNI standards requrenment as well as the rules of Indonesian Wooden Ship Construction. The curved components of the shipbuilding were found on the boat skin, boat ribs, boat ‘senta’ and on the propellers holder. The curvature techniques used by the community include by heating the wood and bending it, by force through dragging using a pulley and by utilizing the natural curvature of curved plant parts such as branches, roots or natural bent wooden stems. Although the wood bending technique done traditionally without pre-treatment, the wood from the curvature did not crack or break. In developing wood bending techniques for the community, it is recommended to find a bending technique with a preliminary treatment that is relatively inexpensive and easy to apply by the community