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Species and Economic Value of Peat Swamp Ichthyofauna for Community in Kapuas Kiri Hulu Village Sintang Regency
Full text linkIchthyofauna is a term for fish fauna or a group of fish. Peat swamp ichthyofauna refers to the entire collection of fish found in peat swamps. Studies on peat swamp ichthyofauna are important not only to identify their species but also to understand their economic roles for the local community. This study aims to identify the species and economic value of peat swamp ichthyofauna for the community in Kelurahan Kapuas Kiri Hulu, Sintang Regency. The research utilized interview and observation methods. Interviews were conducted with local residents to gather information regarding the species and economic value of peat swamp ichthyofauna. Observations were carried out to determine observation points. Ichthyofauna data collection was conducted at six observation points selected to represent the characteristics of the research area. The first observation point was in a community oil palm plantation area, the second in a natural peat swamp without human activity, and the third, fourth, and fifth points in small rivers with different characteristics connecting the Kapuas River in West Kalimantan to the peat swamp area. The sixth observation point was a peat swamp area utilized for community activities. The results of the study identified 14 species of peat swamp ichthyofauna in Kelurahan Kapuas Kiri Hulu, Sintang Regency, including Sepat Mutiara (Tricogaster leeri), Sepat Rawa (Tricogaster tricoptherus), Sepat Siam (Tricogaster pectoralis), Beto (Anabas testudineus), Delak (Channa striata), Seluang Bujur (Rasbora argyrotaenia), Engkarit (Puntius lineatus), Biawan (Helestoma temanncki), Senara (Parambassis ranga), Landin (Macrones gulio), Lele Rawa (Clarias teijsmanni), Selomang (Betta foreman), Patik (Mystus namurus) dan Rik (Mystus micracantus)). Peat swamp ichthyofauna holds economic value for the local community, both as fresh fish for sale and as processed products such as fermented fish (pekasam), smoked fish (salai), salted fish, wet crackers, and ornamental fish
EVALUASI KARAKTERISTIK DAN OPTIMASI LAHAN BERDASARKAN KESESUAIAN LAHAN KEBUN BENIH SEMAI GMELINA (Gmelina arborea Roxb.) DAN TISUK (Hibiscus macrophyllus) Roxb. Ex Hornem) HUTAN KIARAPAYUNG, SUMEDANG, JAWA BARAT
Full text linkThe degradation of forests in Indonesia has resulted in a decrease in the productivity of the land, necessitating the need for the restoration and expansion of forest planting. The primary issue with forest rehabilitation activities is that the characteristics of the growing area are typically marginal and deficient in nutrients. Furthermore, each plant possesses distinct attributes and appropriateness for its specific growing environment. Hence, in order to perform suitable site engineering, it is imperative to undertake land evaluation activities to ascertain the suitability of the land for cultivation and to identify any constraints on the land. The objective of this study is to determine the attributes of the habitat and the factors that restrict the growth of G. arborea and H. macrophyllus seedlings in the Kiarapayung forest. We conducted measurements of soil samples, rainfall, slope, and altitude. The rate analysis identified five suboptimal parameters in the G. arborea seedling seed garden land: slope, soil pH, C-organic, N, P, and K potent. Within the suboptimal category, the H. macrophyllus land is characterized by a single parameter, which is the slope. In order to attain the most favorable plant growth, it is imperative that we enhance the six factors that currently restrict growth on this research land. To enhance the inadequate preservation and accessibility of essential nutrients such as pH, C-organic, N, available P, and potential K, it is recommended to administer lime and fertilizer to the soil
Review: Methods for Detecting Short-Chain Fatty Acids (SCFA) in Industrial and Biological
Full text linkIndustrial and biological wastes are major contributors to environmental pollution and contain high levels of organic matter that can generate short-chain fatty acids (SCFA) through microbial fermentation. SCFAs are important not only as bioenergy precursors in industrial waste management but also as key biomarkers of gut microbiota activity in biological samples. This review provides a comparative analysis of analytical methods used to detect SCFAs in both industrial and biological matrices, focusing on High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC), Gas Chromatography with Flame Ionization Detection (GC-FID), and Liquid Chromatography–Tandem Mass Spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). The findings reveal that HPLC—particularly Ion-Exclusion HPLC—is most effective for analyzing complex industrial waste samples such as waste-activated sludge (WAS) and palm oil mill effluent (POME), whereas GC-FID is more suitable for volatile-rich wastes like vinasse. Meanwhile, LC-MS/MS demonstrates exceptional accuracy and sensitivity for biological matrices such as feces, serum, and urine, allowing detection at ultra-trace concentrations. These insights underscore the need for optimized, waste-specific detection techniques to enhance environmental monitoring, waste valorization, and health-related SCFA research. Future studies should focus on developing rapid, cost-effective, and IoT-integrated detection systems to support real-time monitoring of both industrial and biological wastes
Performance Evaluation and Adsorption Isotherm of Activated Bottom Ash for Free Fatty Acid Removal
Full text linkBoiler bottom ash is one of the by-products produced from the combustion of palm shells and fiber in the boiler furnace at high temperature. These were usually disposed of on the land around the palm mill, causing environmental problems. In this research, non-activated and activated bottom ash treated with phosphoric acid were used as an adsorbent for removing free fatty acids (FFA) from crude palm oil (CPO) recovery. This study had two parameters. The first parameter is an adsorbent activator concentration with the variation level of 0, 5, 10, and 15 %. The second parameter is contact time with four levels involved in this research. They were 1, 2, 3, and 4 hours. The bottom ash adsorbent with a 10% concentration of phosphoric acid and a 3-hour contact time had the highest efficiency and capacity in removing FFAs from CPO recovery. The lowering of water and impurity content in CPO recovery after the adsorption process was in the range of 0.05% to 0.22% and 0.01% to 0.04%, respectively. The isotherm model was evaluated using the Langmuir and the Freundlich. The Isotherm model was fitted to the Freundlich, and this indicated multilayer adsorption with R2 = 0.9869
Preferensi dan Pola Komsumsi Teh Celup dan Teh Tubruk di Kabupaten Kulon Progo dan Kabupaten Sleman
No full textAbstract
This study aims to analyze preferences and consumption patterns of tea, specifically tea bags and loose tea, in Kulon Progo and Sleman Regencies, located in the Special Region of Yogyakarta. This study aims to identify factors that influence consumer preferences for tea products. Quantitative and qualitative methods were used in the study. Data were collected through interviews and questionnaires. The sample was determined by purposive sampling, namely by selecting respondents who consume tea bags and loose tea. The results show that consumer preferences for purchasing tea products in Kulon Progo and Sleman Regencies are determined by the location of purchase, namely at stalls, with the majority of respondents choosing black tea with its original flavor in sachet packaging. Meanwhile, in Sleman Regency, consumers prefer large packages for loose tea. Respondents' patterns of consuming tea are generally daily, with tea purchased only once a month, served warm in the morning.
Abstrak
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis preferensi dan pola konsumsi teh, khususnya teh celup dan teh tubruk, di Kabupaten Kulon Progo dan Sleman, yang berlokasi di Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi preferensi konsumen terhadap produk teh. Pendekatan metode kuantitatif dan kualitatif digunakan di dalam penelitian. Data dikumpulkan melalui wawancara dan kuesioner. Sampel ditentukan secara purposive sampling yaitu dengan memilih responden yang mengkonsumsi teh celup dan teh tubruk. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa preferensi konsumen terhadap pembelian produk teh di Kabupaten Kulon Progo dan Sleman ditentukan oleh lokasi pembelian yaitu di warung, dengan mayoritas responden memilih teh hitam dengan rasa asli dalam kemasan sachet. Sementara di Kabupaten Sleman, konsumen memilih kemasan besar untuk teh tubruk. Pola responden dalam mengkonsumsi teh pada umumnya dilakukan setiap hari, dengan pembelian teh hanya sekali dalam sebulan, penyajian teh dilakukan dalam kondisi hangat dan disajikan di pagi hari
The Impact of Carbonization Temperature on The Quality of Empty Fruit Bunch Charcoal and Palm Kernel Charcoal for Co-Firing Application
Full text linkBiomass is a renewable energy source that can be processed into charcoal through a carbonisation process, which depends on temperature to improve the quality of the charcoal produced. This research focuses on the utilisation of Oil Palm Fronds (OPF) and Palm Kernel Shells (PKS) as biomass feedstock in an effort to produce an alternative fuel that can be used in the co-firing process with Low Rank Coal (LRC). This study heats palm fronds and shells at 300°C to 600°C, then measures moisture content, ash content, calorific value, and sulfur content. Based on the results, a temperature of 600°C was identified as the optimal condition for the OPF and PKS drying process. At this temperature, a significant decrease in moisture content is directly proportional to the increase in ash content and calorific value, indicating an improvement in fuel quality. The highest calorific values achieved were 6095.35 kcal/kg for OPF and 7364.81 kcal/kg for PKS. In addition, the sulphur content of the charred biomass is much lower than that of coal, which provides an advantage in terms of cleaner emissions. In comparison with LRC, the charred biomass showed better quality in terms of calorific value and lower sulphur content, despite the higher ash content of the biomass. OPF and PKS that have undergone the charring process offer a more environmentally friendly fuel alternative and have the potential to replace LRC in combustion applications, resulting in lower emissions. This study thus reinforces the potential of oil palm biomass as a promising renewable energy source
VARIASI DAN KOMPOSISI TANAMAN MPTS PADA LAHAN AGROFORESTRI DI TIGA KEMIRINGAN LAHAN YANG BERBEDA (STUDI KASUS GAPOKTANHUT PUJOMAKMUR)
Full text linkThe use of Multi-Purpose Tree Species (MPTS) in agroforestry systems on sloped area provides solutions in the ecological and economic fields of land management. The physiological and ecological characteristics of each type of plant influence its adaptability to slopes, its ability to resist erosion, as well as its contribution to soil fertility and agroforestry productivity. This research aims to identify the composition of MPTS species on three different slopes of land. The study was carried out by using direct observation in agroforestry area that include in three different type of land slopes, with category Moderate (8-15 %), Moderately steep (15-25 %), Steep (25-65 %). The reserach results show that there are different MPTS plant compositions on 3 different slopes of agroforestry area. In moderate slope, there are 10 species. Meanwhile, moderately steep category, there are 9 species, and in steep category there are 10 species. MPTS from jungle plantation type become dominated MPTS species in 8-15% and 25-60% slope, and agricultral MPTS is domintaed in 15-25% slope
Combination Technique of AOP-Fenton and Photocatalysisi Using TiO2/Zeolit Coal Fly Ash Nanocomposite for Laboratory Waste Water
No full textThe increase in student practical activities will raise the amount of liquid waste generated from practical and research activities in higher education laboratories. The liquid waste must be specially treated before being discharged into water bodies. An alternative for laboratory waste treatment is the AOP method, specifically the Fenton process and photocatalysis. This study aims to determine the final results of laboratory liquid waste treatment using the AOP Fenton process and photocatalysis with TiO2/Coal Zeolite nanocomposite, testing parameters such as COD, BOD, TSS, and TDS. The results of waste treatment using the AOP-Fenton technique showed an increase in efficiency in reducing the values of the four parameters: COD 92.8%; BOD 92.6%; TSS 62.30%; and TDS 37.6%. The treatment process continued with photocatalysis under optimum conditions of pH 4, catalyst dose of 0.8 grams, and radiation time of 180 minutes, showing an increase in efficiency for the four parameters: COD 97.05%; BOD 98.3%; TSS 86.1%; and TDS 81.6%. The final waste analysis results for the four parameters were compared with PERMEN LH No. 5 of 2014. It is concluded that the waste concentration meets the standard quality criteria for category 1 waste
3 PENGARUH DISIPLIN DAN MOTIVASI KERJA TERHADAP KINERJA KARYAWAN DI PT SOLUSI TRANSPORTASI INDONESIA (GRAB) (Studi Kasus pada Kantor Grab di Gama Tower Jakarta Selatan)
No full textPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui Pengaruh Disiplin dan Motivasi Kerja terhadap Kinerja Karyawan (Studi Kasus pada Kantor Grab di Gama Tower Jakarta Selatan). Data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah data primer dan data sekunder. Jenis data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah data kuantitatif kemudian diolah dengan cara analisis regresi linear berganda. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah seluruh karyawan Grab bagian operasional di Gama Tower Jakarta Selatan dan Sampel yang digunakan adalah seluruh karyawan Grab bagian operasional sebanyak 50 orang. Hasil uji t menunjukkan bahwa disiplin dan motivasi kerja secara bersama – sama memiliki pengaruh secara parsial terhadap kinerja karyawan, disiplin memiliki pengaruh secara parsial terhadap kinerja karyawan. Variabel yang dominan dalam penelitian ini adalah variabel X2 atau Motivasi Kerja. Dalam uji F menunjukkan bahwa disiplin dan motivasi kerja secara simultan memiliki pengaruh yang signifikan terhadap kinerja karyaw
PENYULUHAN DAN PELATIHAN TEKNOLOGI PASCAPANEN KOPI DI DESA CINTA RAKYAT, KECAMATAN MERDEKA, KABUPATEN KARO, PROVINSI SUMATERA UTARA
Full text linkAbstract
Tanah Karo, at the foot of Mount Sinabung, is known as a producer of Arabica coffee. Coffee harvests can still be increased in quantity and quality through good post-harvest handling. Farmers can use to produce quality coffee by providing counseling and training in post-harvest handling of coffee so that the products produced are of high quality and can increase farmers' income. Counseling and training were attended by 20 coffee farmers from Cinta Rakyat Village, and counseling materials were provided on the stages of post-harvest activities, including selecting ripe cherry fruit, processing it with a pulper, fermentation, and drying it. Then, continued training using a pulper to peel the skin and coffee fruit, soak in water, wash, and dry in the sun until the water content is 15% -16% to be stored before being sold. The results of the evaluation of training participants who felt very satisfied were 55% stated that they were satisfied by 45% and participants were able to understand the material given by 85%.
Keywords: arabica coffee, Tanah Karo, post-harvest, farmer training, counseling
Abstrak
Tanah Karo di kaki Gunung Sinabung dikenal sebagai penghasil kopi Arabika. Hasil panen kopi masih dapat ditingkatkan baik kuantitas dan kualitas melalui penanganan pascapanen yang baik. Cara yang dapat dilakukan oleh petani untuk menghasilkan kopi yang berkualitas, yaitu dengan memberikan penyuluhan dan pelatihan dalam penanganan pascapanen kopi agar produk yang dihasilkan berkualitas dan dapat meningkatkan pendapatan petani. Penyuluhan dan pelatihan diikuti 20 petani kopi dari Desa Cinta Rakyat dengan materi penyuluhan tentang tahapan kegiatan pascapanen meliputi pemilihan buah Cherry masak pohon, pengolahan dengan pulper, fermentasi dan pengeringan. Lalu, dilanjutkan dengan pelatihan menggunakan pulper untuk mengupas kulit dan buah kopi, merendam d alam air, mencuci dan mengeringkan di bawah sinar matahari sampai didapatkan kadar air nya sebesar 15%-16% untuk bisa disimpan sebelum dijual. Hasil evaluasi terhadap peserta pelatihan yang merasa sangat puas sebesar 55%, menyatakan puas sebesar 45% dan peserta dapat memahami materi yang diberikan sebesar 85%.
Kata Kunci: kopi arabika, Tanah Karo, pascapanen, pelatihan petani, penyuluha