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Keanekaragaman Serangga di Kebun Masyarakat Kampung Kwau Pegunungan Arfak, Papua Barat
Full text linkInsect pests are organisms that can cause damage to plants, resulting in the loss or decrease of community harvest production. Kwau Village is one of the villages in the Arfak Mountains whose people work as traditional farmers. Information about insects, especially pests found in community gardens is still very lacking, so this study needs to be conducted. The purpose of this study was to analyze the diversity of insect species in traditional Arfak community gardens. Observations of insects on plants in four community gardens in Kwau Village were selected by cluster random sampling. The study was conducted from 08.00-15.00 WIT. Based on the research conducted, 65 species were found consisting of 32 insect families (331 individuals). The most common type found was Cymbiodyta sp. (Hydrophilidae). The garden with the highest level of insect diversity was Garden 3 (K3) which is a polyculture type garden with an H' index of 3.10. Of all the plants observed, chili was the plant most serious damaged by insects.
Serangga hama merupakan suatu organisme yang dapat menimbulkan kerusakan pada tanaman sehingga menyebabkan hilang atau menurunnya produksi hasil panen masyarakat. Kampung Kwau merupakan salah satu kampung yang diterdapat di Pegunungan Arfak yang masyarakatnya berprofesi sebagai petani tradisional. Informasi tentang serangga khususnya hama yang terdapat di kebun masyarakat masih sangat kurang, sehingga penelitian ini perlu dilakukan. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah menganalisis keanekaragaman spesies serangga yang ada pada kebun tradisional masyarakat Arfak. Pengamatan serangga pada tanaman di empat kebun masyarakat di Kampung Kwau yang dipilih secara cluster random sampling. Penelitian dilakukan dari Pukul 08.00-15.00 WIT. Berdasarkan penelitian yang dilakukan ditemukan 65 spesies yang terdiri dari 32 famili serangga (331 individu). Jenis yang paling banyak ditemukan adalah Cymbiodyta sp. (Hydrophilidae). Kebun yang memiliki tingkat keanekaragaman serangga paling tinggi pada dalah Kebun 3 (K3) yang merupakan kebun tipe polikultur dengan indeks H’ sebesar 3,10. Dari semua tanaman yang diamati, cabai adalah tanaman paling banyak mengalami kerusakan berat akibat serangga
PEMANFAATAN SUMBER DAYA AIR SUNGAI BATAS NEGARA DI DESA ALAS SELATAN KECAMATAN KOBALIMA TIMUR
Full text linkCurrently, attention is increasing on the management of border rivers, particularly in ASEAN member countries. A large portion of the border between Indonesia and Timor-Leste is river-bound, and communities are highly active in exploiting its potential. However, studies on river resource utilization in the border region between Indonesia and Timor-Leste are still very rare. Therefore, this study aims to analyze the relationship between community social characteristics, perceptions of river utilization, and analysis of the physical condition of the river. This research was conducted on the Motamasin River in Alas Selatan Village, on the Indonesia-Timor Leste border. A mixed methods approach was used, combining quantitative data in the form of social surveys and river discharge measurements with qualitative data from community perceptions through interviews and field observations. The results indicate that the majority of the community is of productive age and has a secondary or higher education level, which supports their understanding of the importance of sustainable water management. The Motamasin River is predominantly used for household and agricultural purposes, while fisheries use is still limited due to water quality degradation. The river's morphology exhibits intermittent characteristics with significant discharge fluctuations, ranging from 100 to 400 m³/s. These findings emphasize the importance of an interdisciplinary approach to water resource management that simultaneously considers social and physical aspects, especially in vulnerable border areas that have not been optimally served by national development policies
The Effect of Solvent Types on The Antibacterial and Cytotoxic Activity of Lino Bark Extract
Full text linkThe G. koordersiana Burret plant, especially its bark, is used by the Sumba community to treat wounds, ulcers, and liver. This study aims to determine the effect of solvent types on the antibacterial and cytotoxic activity of G. koordersiana Burret extract. The research methods used were maceration method, antibacterial test, and cytotoxic test of G. koordersiana Burret bark extract. The results showed that the yield of ethanol, methanol, and n-hexane extracts were 42.15%; 41.65%; and 0.62%, respectively. Ethanol and methanol extracts had antibacterial activity against E. coli and S. aureus bacteria, while n-hexane extract did not show antibacterial activity against both bacteria. Cytotoxic tests showed that the LC50 values of ethanol, methanol, and n-hexane extracts were 61.35 ppm; 758.58 ppm; and 2,494,181.19 ppm, respectively. Ethanol and methanol extracts had antibacterial activity and were toxic, while n-hexane extract did not show antibacterial activity and was not toxic. The antibacterial and cytotoxic activities of ethanol and methanol extracts showed the presence of secondary metabolite compounds of the alkaloid, phenolic, flavonoid, tannin, triterpenoid, and saponin groups, while n-hexane extract contained triterpenoid compounds that had no inhibitory power against bacteria or cytotoxic activity
PENGELOLAAN KESEJAHTERAAN SATWA OPOSUM LAYANG (Petaurus Breviceps Waterhouse, 1838) DI PENANGKARAN CV SUGAR GLIDER BOGOR, JAWA BARAT
Full text linkOposum layang adalah marsupial kecil yang mirip dengan tupai terbang, yang cukup populer dikalangan masyarakat dengan nilai ekonomi yang tinggi. Aspek kesejahteraan oposum layang harus diperhatikan dalam suatu usaha penangkaran. Mengingat tingkat kesejahteraan satwa akan berpengaruh pada hasil yang akan diperoleh dari suatu usaha penangkaran. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode wawancara dan pengamatan langsung serta penelusuran data sekunder. Wawancara yang dilakukan meliputi aspek pengelolaan penangkaran, pengelolaan pakan, kandang, dan kesehatan. Untuk penilain komponen tingkat kesejahteraan satwa dilakukan dengan metode total sampling. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukan bahwa pakan oposum layang di penangkaran CV Sugar Glider Bogor terdiri dari dua jenis, yaitu pakan utama dan pakan pendamping. Kandang oposum layang di penangkaran terbagi menjadi dua jenis yaitu kandang pembesaran anakan dan kandang indukan. Fasilitas kandang oposum layang terdiri dari alas kandang, sleeping pouch, tempat makan dan minum, juga mainan dan tenggeran. Riwayat penyakit sugar glider di penangkaran CV Sugar Glider Bogor yaitu diare, karang gigi, hind leg paralysis, dan kaki bengkak. Berdasarkan hasil penilaian kesejahteraan oposum layang, yang dilakukan memperoleh skor 2,52. Nilai tersebut termasuk dalam kategori baik
NILAI EKONOMI WISATA CURUG PUTRI TAMAN HUTAN RAYA BANTEN PROVINSI BANTEN
Full text linkBanten Forest Park has several natural tourist attractions, one of which is Curug Putri. Curug Putri can be used as a natural tourist attraction and non-timber forest product and if managed well will have economic value. The aim of the research is to determine the economic value of the tourist destination Curug Putri Taman Hutan Raya Banten and examine the influence of visitor income, travel costs and distance traveled on the quantity of visitors to the tourist destination Curug Putri Taman Hutan Raya Banten. Multiple linear regression and the travel cost approach or TCM (Travel Cost Method) are the research methods used. The results of research using the travel cost approach showed that the economic value of Curug Putri Taman Hutan Raya Banten tourism was IDR 4,796,378,496/year. The regression equation shows that visitor income, travel costs, and distance traveled influence the number of visits: Y = 2.431 + 0.362X1 + (- 0.535X2) + 0.333X3. Visitor income (X1) has a value of 0.362. Which means that if there is a one unit increase in visitor income, visitors will make a return visit of 0.362, the distance traveled (X2) is -0.535. This means that if the distance increased by 100 km, there will be a decrease in the number of visits by -0.535, while for transportation costs (X3) the value is 0.333, meaning that if transportation costs increase, the number of visits will increase by 0.333 assuming the other independent variables are considered constant/paribus paribus. After partial testing of all independent variables, only the travel distance variable had a significant effect on the number of visits
PENGARUH VARIASI DAYA LASER CO2 TERHADAP PERUBAHAN WARNA PERMUKAAN DAN PREFERENSI KONSUMEN PADA KAYU CEMPAKA (Michelia champaca)
Full text linkLaser technology has become one of the main innovations in material delivery, especially in the wood industry for cutting and engraving purposes. One of the advantages of this technology is the ability to produce precise and aesthetic patterns on the wood surface. However, each type of wood has unique characteristics to the heat treatment of the laser beam, so further research is needed to understand the specific response of each type of wood. This study aims to trigger the effect of variations in CO₂ laser power on changes in the surface color of cempaka wood (Michelia champaca) and to identify consumer preferences for the color results. The study was conducted at the Forest Products Technology Laboratory, University of Lampung, using three variations of laser power: 2.5 watts, 5 watts, and 7.5 watts, with each treatment repeated three times. The surface color was described using a CIE-Lab system-based colorimeter (parameters L*, a*, and b*) before and after engraving. In addition, a consumer preference survey was conducted boldly involving 100 students from the University of Lampung to assess the visualization of the engraving results. The results showed that higher laser power (7.5 watts) produced darker and more contrasting wood colors, with a decrease in L* values and an increase in a* and b* values. Most respondents preferred the results of engraving using 7.5 watts of power because it produced darker colors and was considered more aesthetic and gave sharper results
The Use of Animals as Traditional Medicine in Tanah Bawah, Kimak, and Silip Villages
Full text linkKimak, Tanah Bawah, and Silip are three villages in Bangka Regency, Bangka Belitung Islands Province, Indonesia, where animals are still used for traditional medicine. This study aimed to collect, analyze, and evaluate data on the use of animals in traditional medicine by the communities of Kimak, Tanah Bawah, and Silip. The research was conducted over three months, from March to May 2024. Data collection involved surveys and informant selection using the snowball sampling method. Fifteen selected informants were interviewed based on a prepared questionnaire. Data analysis was carried out qualitatively (using descriptive statistics) and quantitatively (calculating the Relative Frequency of Citation (RFC) and Informant Consensus Factor (ICF)). The results showed a positive correlation between informants’ age and their knowledge of animal-based traditional medicine, with informants over 45 years old possessing broader knowledge due to their longer life experiences. Dependence on traditional medicine was influenced by limited access to modern healthcare services and the cultural and spiritual significance of these practices. A total of 14 animal species from five classes were used, with Mammalia being the most dominant class (35.7%). Malayopython reticulatus had the highest RFC value (0.667), while species with the lowest RFC values (0.067) included Nisaetus cirrhatus, Galeopterus variegatus, Trachypithecus cristatus, and Nesolagus netscheri. The most commonly used body part was meat. ICF analysis indicated that disease categories such as skin ailments, internal injuries, nerve disorders, ulcers, hemorrhoids, and mental illnesses had the highest levels of informant consensus. Several used species are classified as threatened, highlighting the need for stronger conservation efforts through collaboration between the government, conservation organizations, and local communities. Balancing conservation with traditional medicine practices is essential to preserving cultural heritage while supporting ecological sustainability
KARAKTERISTIK SOSIAL EKONOMI NELAYAN TRADISIONAL PANTAI UTARA JAWA BARAT DAN DAERAH KHUSUS JAKARTA
Full text linkPeople living on small islands and coastal areas generally rely on marine products for their livelihoods, either as fishermen, fishing laborers, or marine tourism services. The occupation of coastal communities as fishermen is inherited from their parents. Dependence on marine resources is very high, with limited fishing technology, causing the results obtained are not optimal. Income from fishing, which is sometimes uncertain, is a serious problem for fishing communities in achieving welfare. Sometimes the income is smaller than the expenditure, trapping the community into poverty. The purpose of this study is to describe the characteristics of coastal communities from the socio-economic aspects of coastal communities in DKI Jakarta and Pantura West Java. The data analysis method used is descriptive statistical analysis method. The results showed that most of the fishermen in DKI Jakarta and Pantura West Java are traditional fishermen. The education level of the current generation of fishermen is relatively higher than that of the previous generation with a maximum of elementary school graduates, while the next generation of fishermen will be even better with a minimum of high school graduates. The limited job opportunities for coastal communities have forced them to become fishermen with only physical capital, even though they realize the risks of being a fisherman are very high. For fishermen who do not have their own capital to buy fleets and fishing gear, they are forced to rely on middlemen as a source of capital, citing an easier and faster process
Pengaruh Leverage Dan Profitabilitas Terhadap Agresivitas Pajak pada Perusahaan Manufaktur Sub Sektor Industri Makanan dan Minuman yang terdaftar di BEI Periode 2021
Full text linkPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji dan menganalisis Pengaruh Leverage dan Profitabilitas terhadap Agresivitas Pajak pada Perusahaan Manufaktur Sub Sektor Industri Makanan dan Minuman yang terdaftar di BEI Periode 2021. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian asosiatif dengan pendekatan kuantitatif. Data dikumpulkan dengan menggunakan teknik dokumentasi dengan teknik pengambilan sampel menggunakan purposive sampling. Teknik analisis yang digunakan dengan analisis deskriptif, uji asumsi klasik, uji regresi linier berganda, uji hipotesis dan uji koefisien determinasi. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa leverage tidak berpengaruh terhadap agresivitas pajak dan profitabilitas berpengaruh terhadap agresivitas pajak. Sedangkan leverage dan profitabilitas secara simultan berpengaruh signifikan terhadap agresivitas pajak pada Perusahaan Manufaktur Sub Sektor Industri Makanan dan Minuman
The Comparative Analysis of Caffeine in Fermented and Non-Fermented Arabica Coffee Beans
Full text linkArabica coffee is recognized as a high-value plantation commodity, favored for its distinctive flavor profile. However, its relatively high caffeine content can cause certain side effects in some individuals, such as sleep disturbances or increased blood pressure. One approach to reducing caffeine content without compromising flavor quality is fermentation using microorganisms. Rhizopus oryzae is known to produce enzymes capable of altering the chemical composition of coffee, making it a potential method for lowering caffeine levels while enhancing sensory quality. This study aimed to examine changes in physical properties and caffeine content of Arabica coffee powder subjected to fermentation with Rhizopus oryzae at concentrations of 1%, 2%, 3%, and 4% w/w, compared to a non-fermented control sample. The fermentation process was carried out for 24 hours at room temperature. Analyses included organoleptic evaluation, moisture content measurement, and caffeine determination using UV-Vis spectrophotometry. Results indicated that fermentation with Rhizopus oryzae at a 4% concentration yielded the most optimal outcome, with caffeine reduced to 0.95%, moisture content at 0.94%, and a final pH of 4.8. The brewed coffee from this treatment also exhibited a distinctive aroma, light brown color, and a balanced bitterness. Overall, fermentation with Rhizopus oryzae proved effective in reducing caffeine levels while maintaining and improving the sensory quality of Arabica coffee