Electronic Journals of UIKA Bogor (Universitas Ibn Khaldun)
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Study of Behaviour Swelling Potential of Expansive Soil on Swelling Test With Cycles of Loading and Unloading
Get PDFExpansive soil has the characteristic to swell and shrink that are capable to cause crack on the highways surface. The swell and shrink behaviour of expansive soil are influenced by several factors, one of those is surcharge. Surcharge in highways road are traffic loads. To determine the form of behaviour caused by surcharge on expansive soil, the number of loading and unloading were performed on the oedometer test with the swelling pressure as the maximum stress of each cycles. The purpose of this study to investigate the behaviour of swelling potential of expansive soil of each cycles. The results shown that the sample with lowest moisture content exhibited the largest swelling in primary phase and the lowest in secondary phase. The initial swelling potential presented that sample with lowest moisture content did not always swell larger than the sample with higher moisture content. As the number of loading and unloading cycles increased, the swelling potential of all the samples performed similar behaviour. The most significant change of swelling potential occurred from zero to first cycle. After first cycle, the difference of swelling potential tended to similar. This indicated that all the samples tended to reach the stable conditions. The most influence factors that caused swelling potential decreased with increasing number of cycles were the threshold stress and the swelling pressure. The threshold stress caused expansive soil experienced irreversible deformation. While the swelling pressure caused larger swelling in the beginning of the unloading phase due to repulsive force
Evaluasi Aliran Air Menggunakan Aplikasi HEC-RAS pada Saluran Primer di Kelurahan Kameloh Kota Palangka Raya
Get PDFThe flood that occurred in Tumbang Nusa Village could have occurred due to high rainfall, intensity, or due to incorrect land use in the upstream area. In addition, floods can also be caused by climate change, disruption of the flow of rainwater in rivers, reduction of the surface area that absorbs water due to the construction of many buildings and the occurrence of forest destruction, overflow of the main rivers that pass through residential and urban areas, due to the intensity of rainfall. which is high in the upper reaches of the river which also often causes flooding. Based on the description above, efforts need to be made to anticipate flooding. Flow conditions in the Primary Canal of Kameloh Subdistrict, Palangka Raya City with flood discharge based on Nakayasu Hydrograph Synthetic Unit (HSS) for the Q2 year return period = 150,0 m3/sec and for the Q25 year return period = 221, 24 m3/sec. For forecasts for the next 2 years and 25 years based on simulations using the Hec-Ras application that the channel is still safe from flooding, it's just that several station points have standing water on the left and right due to the low elevation.Banjir yang terjadi di Desa Tumbang Nusa dapat terjadi karena curah hujan yang tinggi, intensitas, atau akibat penggunaan lahan yang salah di daerah hulu. Selain itu banjir juga dapat disebabkan oleh perubahan iklim, gangguan pengaliran air hujan di dalam sungai, pengurangan luas permukaan tanah yang menyerap air karena banyak berdirinya bangunan dan terjadinya kerusakan hutan, meluapnya sungai-sungai utama yang melalui daerah pemukiman dan perkotaan, akibat intensitas curah hujan yang tinggi di daerah hulu sungai yang juga sering menyebabkan banjir. Berdasarkan uraian tersebut di atas perlu dilakukan usaha untuk mengantisipasi terjadinya banjir. Kondisi aliran pada saluran Primer Kelurahan Kameloh Kota Palangka Raya dengan debit banjir berdasarkan Hidrograf Satuan Sintetik (HSS) Nakayasu untuk Periode Ulang Q2 tahun = 150,0 m3/detik dan untuk Periode Ulang Q25 tahun = 221,24 m3/detik. Berdasarkan simulasi menggunakan aplikasi Hec-Ras untuk perkiraan 2 tahun dan 25 tahun mendatang, saluran masih aman dari banjir hanya saja beberapa titik stasiun terdapat genangan air di kiri dan kanannya dikarenakan elevasi yang rendah
Analisis Produktivitas Tenaga Kerja Pada Pekerjaan Pile Cap Menggunakan Macro VBA
Get PDFIncreased development is directly proportional to the absorption of labour in the construction sector. Nevertheless, the large number of workers does not guarantee the quality and productivity of a job. Labor productivity is the first indicator to assess the success of construction work so it needs to be analysed. This study aims to calculate the productivity of labours on pile cap for the construction of the Manohara Hotel, Yogyakarta, using Monte Carlo simulations and the Macro VBA program. The results of the analysis are divided into three parts, among others: the work productivity of the work floor, the installation of bricks as pile cap walls and the work of pile cap reinforcement. In general, the results of the study show that the productivity of the pile cap work is quite good, where the productivity of the work floor is 0.22 m3/hour with an average idle time of 12 minutes or an average worker break of 13.04% during the working time from 18.30–20.00 WIB; the lowest brick installation productivity was 12.38 bricks/hour with an idle average of 8.3 minutes or 14.27% during processing time from 15.30-16.30 WIB; and the lowest reinforcement installation productivity is in the bottom reinforcement work of 60 reinforcement/hour with an average idle of 10.69 minutes or an ineffective worker time of 50.8% of the total work time.Peningkatan pembangunan berbanding lurus dengan daya serap tenaga kerja bidang konstruksi. Meskipun demikian, banyaknya jumlah tenaga kerja tidak menjamin kualitas dan produktivitas suatu pekerjaan. Produktivitas pekerja merupakan indikator pertama yang dapat dilihat untuk menilai kesuksesan pekerjaan konstruksi sehingga analisis perlu dilakukan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menghitung produktivitas pekerja pada pekerjaan pile cap fondasi pembagunan Hotel Manohara, Yogyakarta menggunakan simulasi Monte Carlo dan bantuan Macro VBA. Hasil analisis dibagi ke dalam tiga pekerjaan yaitu produktivitas pekerjaan lantai kerja, pemasangan batako sebagai dinding pile cap dan pekerjaan penulangan pile cap. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa secara umum produktivitas pada pekerjaan pile cap cukup baik, dimana produktivitas pekerjaan lantai kerja sebesar 0,22 m3/jam dengan rata–rata idle time selama 12 menit atau rata-rata istirahat pekerja sebesar 13,04% pada waktu pengerjaan dari pukul 18.30–20.00 WIB; produktivitas pemasangan batako yang paling rendah sebesar 12,38 bata/jam dengan rata–rata idle sebanyak 8,3 menit atau sebesar 14,27 % pada waktu pengerjaan dari pukul 15.30-16.30 WIB; serta produktivitas pemasangan tulangan yang paling rendah terdapat pada pekerjaan tulangan bawah sebesar 60 tulangan/jam dengan rata–rata idle sebanyak 10,69 menit atau waktu tidak efektif pekerja sebesar 50,8 % dari total waktu pekerjaan
Implementasi Building Information Modeling (BIM) 5D Pada Proyek Konstruksi (Studi Kasus Pada Proyek Pembangunan Resto Manggar)
Get PDFWith the increasing development of the AEC (Architecture, Engineering and Construction) industry in the current era, there is a lot of software being developed for the needs of the construction industry which aims to minimize human error due to conventional data processing. This research aims to analyze the results of volume and cost comparisons using the 5D Building Information Modeling (BIM) concept with the consultant method on the Resto Manggar Balikpapan Timur construction project. By using Revit, the 2D image obtained from the consultant is modeled again in 3D form where the volume requirements for structural work become more detailed. We can see from the consultant's calculation that the weight is 11,0881.42 kg from the Autodesk Revit software, it is 10,382.58 kg and has a difference of 698.84 kg or 6 %, for the concrete volume results from the consultant of 132.30 m3, the Autodesk Revit software has a volume of 127.01 m3 and has a difference of 5.29 m3 or 4%. To calculate costs for structural work from the consultant, it is IDR. 193,025,200.89 from Autodesk Revit software has a cost of Rp. 181,502,892.27 which has a cost difference of Rp. 11,522,308.62 or 6%, for the calculation of concrete costs by the consultant of Rp. 203,773,342.67 from Autodesk Revit software amounting to Rp. 195,402,397.86 and has a difference in concrete costs of Rp. 8,370,944.81 or 4%. By using the 3D BIM concept supported by Revit software which is able to provide detailed material takeoff results thereby reducing wasted material and supporting the 5D BIM concept to support cost estimation calculations.Dengan semakin berkembang dibidang industri AEC (Architecture, Engineering and Counstruction) di era sekarang banyak software yang dikembangkan untuk kebutuhan industri kontruksi yang bertujuan untuk meminimalisir human error karena dalam melakukan pengolahan data secara konvensional. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis hasil dari perbandingan volume dan biaya menggunakan konsep Building Information Madelling (BIM) 5D dengan metode konsultan pada proyek pembangunan Resto Manggar Balikpapan Timur. Gambar 2D yang diterima dari konsultan, dimodelkan kembali dalam bentuk gambar 3D untuk meningkatkan kebutuhan volume untuk pekerjaan struktur. dapat kita ketahui dari perhitungan konsultan seberat 11,0881.42 kg dari software Autodesk Revit 10,382.58 kg dan memiliki selisih 698,84 kg atau 6 %, untuk hasil volume beton dari konsultan sebesar 132.30 m3 dari software Autodesk Revit memiliki volume 127.01 m3 dan memiliki selisih 5,29 m3 atau 4%. Untuk perhitungan biaya pada pekerjaan struktur dari konsultas sebesar Rp. 193,025,200.89 dari software Autodesk Revit memiliki biaya sebesar Rp. 181,502,892.27 yang memiliki selisih biaya Rp. 11,522,308.62 atau 6%, untuk perhitungan biaya beton oleh konsultas sebesar Rp. 203,773,342.67 dari software Autodesk Revit sebesar Rp.195,402,397.86 dan memiliki selisih biaya beton sebesar Rp. 8,370,944.81 atau 4%. Dengan menggunakan konsep BIM 3D didukung oleh software Revit yang mampu memberikan hasil material takeoff terperinci sehingga mengurangi material yang terbuang sia-sia dan mendukung konsep BIM 5D untuk mendukung perhitungan biaya konstruksi
Studi Perbandingan Biaya pada Pekerjaan Pembongkaran Balok Girder di Proyek Penggantian Jembatan Cinagara
Get PDFThere are 3 (three) alternative methods for dismantling bridge girders in the Cinagara Bridge replacement project, to find the most efficient and safe approach. The Cinagara Bridge, which is on the Ciawi – Sukabumi national road, Caringin district, Bogor Regency, located in a densely populated area and also close to the installation of the PGN pipeline network and PLN cable lines. This research aims to choose the implementation method with the most efficient costs, while still paying attention to safety and ease of work. The three alternative methods are: dismantling by lifting and moving the girder beam as a whole; dismantling by lifting the girder beam as a whole, then moving it segment by segment; and dismantling by breaking the girder beams on the spot and dropping them into the river, to be then moved outside the site. The research results show that the third method, namely breaking the girder beam on the spot and dropping it into the river, has the lowest implementation cost of IDR 86,637,250.00 and efficient implementation time. This method also ensures that the demolition results can be mobilized outside the project site and has the lowest risk of accidents. The first and second methods cost IDR 365,762,935.00 and IDR 170,301,233.00 respectively, and face various technical challenges and social risks. This research provides recommendations for using the third method with appropriate adjustments to ensure a smooth dismantling process, minimize environmental impacts, and maximize work safety. Apart from that, it is important to carry out routine equipment inspections, arrange demolition times during the day, and install safety nets to protect the surrounding area from demolition debris. Thus, this research can be a reference in choosing an effective demolition method for similar projectsTerdapat 3 (tiga) alternatif metode pembongkaran girder jembatan pada proyek penggantian Jembatan Cinagara, guna menemukan pendekatan yang paling efisien dan aman. Jembatan Cinagara yang berada di ruas jalan nasional Ciawi – Sukabumi, Kec. Caringin, Kab. Bogor, berada pada kawasan padat penduduk, juga berdekatan dengan instalasi jaringan pipa PGN dan jalur kabel PLN. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memilih metode pelaksanaan dengan biaya yang paling efisien, dengan tetap memperhatikan keselamatan dan kemudahan pekerjaan. Tiga metode alternatif tersebut adalah pembongkaran dengan cara mengangkat dan memindahkan balok girder secara utuh, pembongkaran dengan cara mengangkat balok girder secara utuh, kemudian dipindahkan per-segmen, dan pembongkaran dengan cara memecah balok girder di tempat dan menjatuhkannya ke sungai, untuk kemudian dipindahkan ke luar site. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa metode ketiga, yaitu memecah balok girder di tempat dan menjatuhkannya ke sungai, memiliki biaya pelaksanaan paling rendah sebesar Rp 86.637.250,00 dan waktu pelaksanaan yang efisien. Metode ini juga memastikan hasil bongkaran dapat dimobilisasi keluar lokasi proyek dan memiliki risiko kecelakaan yang paling rendah. Metode pertama dan kedua masing-masing membutuhkan biaya Rp 365.762.935,00 dan Rp 170.301.233,00, serta menghadapi berbagai tantangan teknis dan risiko sosial. Penelitian ini memberikan rekomendasi untuk menggunakan metode ketiga dengan penyesuaian yang sesuai guna memastikan kelancaran proses pembongkaran, minimalisasi dampak lingkungan, dan keselamatan kerja yang maksimal. Selain itu, penting untuk melakukan pemeriksaan alat secara rutin, mengatur waktu pembongkaran pada siang hari, serta pemasangan jaring pengaman untuk melindungi area sekitar dari puing bongkaran. Dengan demikian, penelitian ini dapat menjadi referensi dalam memilih metode pembongkaran yang efektif untuk proyek sejenis
Analisa Debit Banjir Rencana DAS Rejoso Menggunakan Metode Hidrograf Satuan Sintetik Nakayasu
Get PDFFlood is an event where water overflows in a river beyond its capacity. Several areas in Indonesia, especially Pasuruan Regency, often experience flooding, one of which is the Rejoso Watershed which often experiences flooding every year. Therefore, efforts need to be made to immediately minimize the occurrence of flood disasters. By planning water structures, planned flood discharge data is needed as a basis for planning the dimensions and stability of water structures. In this study, the hydrological analysis begins by calculating the average rainfall in the area using the Thieseen polygon method, the analysis of return period rainfall using the Gumbel method which is tested using the chi-square method, then the analysis of rainfall intensity using the Mononobe method, and the hydrograph analysis using the HSS Nakaysu method. The results of the study stated that the peak discharge of the Rejoso Watershed for return periods of 2, 5, and 10 years, respectively, was 769.32 m3/sec; 971.62 m3/sec and 1116.96 m3/sec. In the period of 25, 50 and 100 years respectively, namely 1274.80 m3/sec; 1400.35 m3/sec and 1524.97 m3/sec. The planned flood discharge of the Rejoso watershed began to experience an increase in the curve at hour 0 to hour 2. While the peak discharge occurred at hour 2. At hour 3, the flood discharge of the Rejoso watershed began to experience a decrease in the curve until hour 13.Banjir merupakan kejadian meluapnya air di sungai melebihi batas kapasitas. Beberapa wilayah di Indonesia terutama kabupaten pasuruan sering terjadi banjir, salah satunya yaitu DAS Rejoso yang sering terjadi banjir tiap tahunnya. Oleh karena itu perlu dilakukan upaya untuk segera meminimalisir terjadinya bencana banjir. Dengan merencanakan bangunan air dibutuhkan data debit banjir rencana sebagai dasar perencanaan dimensi dan stabilitas bangunan air. Dalam penelitian ini analisa hidrologi dimulai dengan menghitung hujan rata-rata kawasan menggunakan metode poligon Thieseen, analisa hujan kala ulang menggunakan metode gumbel yang di uji menggunakan metode chi kuadrat, kemudian analisa intensitas hujan menggunakan metode Mononobe, dan analisa hidrograf menggunakan metode HSS Nakayasu. Hasil penelitian menyatakan bahwa debit puncak DAS Rejoso periode ulang 2, 5, dan 10 tahun berturut-turut yaitu 769,32 m3/det; 971,62 m3/det dan 1116,96 m3/det. Pada periode 25, 50 dan 100 tahun berturut-turut yaitu sebesar 1274,80 m3/det; 1400,35 m3/det dan 1524,97 m3/det. Debit banjir rencana DAS Rejoso mulai mengalami kenaikan kurva pada jam 0 hingga jam ke 2. Sedangkan debit puncaknya terjadi pada jam ke 2. Dijam ke 3 debit banjir DAS Rejoso mulai terjadi penurunan kurva sampai pada jam ke 13
EXPLORATION OF ETHNOMATHEMATICS IN BENGKULU AS A SOURCE OF MATHEMATICS LEARNING FOR ELEMENTARY SCHOOL STUDENTS
Get PDFThe Merdeka Curriculum implements a multicultural approach in learning. Therefore, ethnomathematics is needed in elementary school mathematics learning. The purpose of this study is to explore the ethnomathematics found in Bengkulu and integrate it into the mathematics curriculum as a learning resource for first-grade elementary school students. This qualitative research with an ethnographic approach was conducted over a period of one year. The research activities include: (1) Identifying the ethnomathematics found in Bengkulu, (2) Mapping the learning achievements and indicators of the mathematics subject in the Merdeka Curriculum for first-grade elementary school, (3) Analyzing the ethnomathematics of Bengkulu City that can be integrated into the learning achievements and indicators of the mathematics subject in the Merdeka Curriculum for first-grade elementary school, and (4) Developing a draft of recommended mathematics teaching materials based on Bengkulu ethnomathematics. The research results obtained are (1) data on Bengkulu ethnomathematics, (2) mapping of learning achievements and indicators of the mathematics subject in the Merdeka Curriculum for first-grade elementary school, and (3) a product of mathematics teaching materials based on the ethnomathematics of Bengkulu City
THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN KNOWLEDGE AND ATTITUDES OF COUPLES OF CHILDBEARING AGE IN CHOOSING CONTRACEPTION FOR MEN AT PMB NURHANETI, SOUTH JAKARTA FOR THE PERIOD NOVEMBER-DECEMBER 2023
Get PDFBackground: Developing countries have various types of problems they face, one of which is the problem of high population growth rates, including Indonesia (Depkes, 2014). In 2017, Indonesia's population was 261,890.9 million. This population consisted of 133.17 million men and 131.88 million women (BPS, 2018). Among ASEAN countries, Indonesia is ranked 5th with a fertility rate or Total Fertility Rate (TFR) of 2.4. This figure is above the average TFR for ASEAN countries, namely 2.3 (World Population Data Sheet, 2019). Objective: To determine the relationship between knowledge and attitudes of couples of childbearing age in choosing contraception for men. Methods: quantitative research using a cross sectional design, data collection using questionnaires and data processing carried out univariate and bivariate with the Chi Square (X2) statistical test. Using 65 respondents of reproductive age couples with inclusion and exclusion criteria. Results: knowledge of couples of childbearing age, the results of the Chis-Square test analysis obtained a p value = 0.000, namely p value < α (0.000 < 0.05) which shows that there is a significant relationship between knowledge and male contraceptive choices, attitudes and the results of the analysis The Chis-Square test obtained a p value = 0.221, namely p value > α (0.221> 0.05) which shows that there is no significant relationship between attitudes and the choice of male contraception at PMB Nurhaneti, South Jakarta. Conclusions and Suggestions: knowledge can influence couples of childbearing age in choosing contraception for men, for health workers to be able to increase promotive efforts regarding
ANALYSIS OF WASTE MANAGEMENT AT THE PON EVENT AT THE MULTIPURPOSE ASTAKA MEDAN PANCING SPORT CENTER
Get PDFThe 2024 National Sports Week (PON) has the potential to increase the amount of waste generated at the Astaka Medan Pancing Multipurpose Sport Center because this event will increase the number of visitors in the area around the competition location. This study aims to analyze waste management at the Astaka Medan Pancing Multipurpose Sport Center during the 2024 National Sports Week (PON). The research method used is descriptive qualitative, with data collection through observation, in-depth interviews, and documentation. The results of the study indicate that although there was an increase in the frequency of waste collection during the event, the existing trash bin facilities were inadequate and with a waste sorting pattern between wet and dry waste. A lot of trash was scattered in public areas, indicating ineffective waste management. This study advocates for the organizers or the government in this case the Environment and Forestry Service to add waste management facilities (trash cans, plastic sacks) in areas where there are many gatherings of people and make posters appealing to dispose of trash in its place, as well as improving coordination with volunteers and related agencies. With these steps, it is hoped that waste management at the Astaka Medan Pancing Multipurpose Sport Center can be improved, creating a cleaner and healthier environment during major events such as PON XXI Aceh-Sumut 2024
ANALYSIS OF POTENTIAL HAZARDS FOR PALM OIL MILL PRODUCTION WORKERS USING THE (HIRARC) METHOD IN PT. X
Get PDFThe production process in palm oil mills is inseparable from potential hazards in the workplace such as the FFB Receiving Station area (Scales, Sorting/Loading ramp), then the Boiling Station (Sterilizer), the Grinding Station (Threshing/Theresser/autofeeder), the Felt/Pumping Station (Screw Press, Slamming Station, Clarification Station, CPO Storage Tank (Storange Tank), Boiler Station and Engine Room Station (Power House), Demint Plant Station. Efforts that can be made are by conducting risk management through the identification of potential occupational safety and health hazards, using the HIRARC method. The goal of HIRARC is to recognize potential hazards and various operational problems in each process. Based on the risk assessment, there are four categories of risk levels identified, namely risk levels, namely Low Risk, Modarate Risk, High Risk, and Extreme Risk. The risk rating provides a level for each risk category, which results in the most dangerous risk, namely the Stockpile Tank Station and Engine Room get a level of 15 High Risk, then at the Boiling, Slamming, Clarification, Steam Boiler Station get a level of 12 High Risk. Risk Control that must be carried out on potential hazards at PT. X is Required to Wear Complete PPE that has been given (gloves, anti-slip shoes, mask, ear plug/ear, helmet, safety glasses), Obey signs, Work according to SOPs and Work instructions, clean the workplace area, monitor to work according to procedures, Carry out periodic Maintanetance, and the author hopes that at PT. X establishes new policies and regulations for workers by providing penalties such as issuing first warning letters or fines for workers who do not comply with SOPs and do not wear PPE. Instead, appreciation is given to workers who comply with SOPs and use PPE properly and correctly